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How to teach a child to pronounce letters: the best exercises for speech development. How to teach a child to say letters What causes incorrect pronunciation

Is it possible to deal with the problem of speech development in a baby at home?

It’s rare that a parent doesn’t encounter problems with their child’s speech development. But not every one of them has the opportunity to study with a speech therapist. In this case, you can conduct classes at home.

How to quickly teach a child to speak?

Expanding our horizons. The child should walk in different places as much as possible. See different environments, people, animals, nature. This is how a stock of knowledge about the environment is formed. Children who see and feel more find it much easier to even express their feelings. The more emotions and experience, the sooner the baby will start babbling.
We constantly talk with the child. If you sit with your child in silence, he will talk much later. The baby should always hear spoken language. We communicate with the child, saying everything out loud, what we see, what we do
We read books. We do this with expression, with explanatory comments. Kids love to listen to the same fairy tales and poems several times. For children this is the easiest method of perception
Singing songs. The kids love to sing. We sing while playing the instrument or just listen and sing, encouraging the baby to support you. This is one of the best options, as children love music very much.
We designate objects of attention. The Russian language is vast. In order for the child to remember at least a few words to begin with, we often concentrate attention on some frequently repeated object. A steam locomotive has driven, a boy is walking, a dog is walking, etc. After this, we be sure to ask the child what the name of this object is.
We speak in a literate, adult language. We don’t babysit and don’t speak in the language of a baby. The words “abaca” instead of dog, etc. We don’t repeat, we speak correctly. Without putting a strong emphasis on it
Let's listen to what the child says! An important condition for mom and dad is the ability to listen carefully and hear everything the baby says. Whenever addressing parents, the child should feel respect and attention. A child feels inattention very clearly. Therefore, we stop all communication if a child comes with any question or request. Even if it is completely unclear what the baby is babbling. Communication itself is important
We instill in the child the ability to listen. To develop a child’s speech in relation to intonation, it is necessary to teach listening. This applies not only to the speech of mom and dad, but also to all extraneous sounds. At this moment it is important to explain each sound
Reciprocal conversation. If it is not clear what the child is talking about, we read various signs that explain the child. If the baby takes off his pants and babbles something in his own language, perhaps he wants to write. We ask him about this. And we draw conclusions based on his further reaction. We just avoid the words “what are you babbling there, I don’t understand anything, leave me alone.” This may discourage mutual dialogue
We don't rush things. Every parent has a desire to hear their baby's conversation faster. But not every mom and dad have patience. There is no need to rush the baby, and there is no need to delay it. Many mothers and fathers say out of impatience: “Well, why are you silent!”, “What kind of nonsense are you talking, where did you pick up these phrases?” The child will feel offended by this. He will lose the desire for the process of learning spoken language.

How to teach a child to speak without a speech therapist?

How to teach a child to speak without a speech therapist? General useful rules when teaching a child at home:

The eyes of the baby and mother should be at the same level. This will make it easier for the baby to observe all the manipulations being performed.
We conduct classes every day, in a playful way. 10 to 15 minutes
We perform facial massage and gymnastics daily. We pronounce sounds and tongue twisters at least 4 times a week

Face massage

As a separate element, massage is not a special factor, but together with articulatory gymnastics and voice-speech training it has a positive effect on correct speech production.

When doing a massage, we pronounce our movements:

Gently stroking your eyebrows with your fingers, we say: “This is how we love ourselves, this is how we love ourselves.” Next, stroking along the nose, we say: “Nice little nose, we have such a snub nose.” We massage around the lips, cheeks to ears: “Our smiling mouth, still a talker”

We gently tap the same areas of the face with our fingers. Counter and opposite movements. We constantly communicate with the child: “We are beautiful! We are happy! This is how we caressed ourselves!”

Gymnastics for clear and correct pronunciation

On the inflated, balloon-like cheeks, we give a massage
We pipe like a train, we pull our lips forward. We twist them first in one direction, then in the other.
We smile together with the baby. Then we collect the lips with a bow. We do it several times
We kiss the child, tensing our lips with a tube, and then relaxing
We run our tongue over our lips in one direction and the other.
Extend the tongue to the upper lip, then to the lower lip. Also left and right
At the end, we do something like washing our face. The child must repeat

Let's move on to the pronunciation of vowels

The child has practically no problems pronouncing these letters. But you still need to work out.

Without tension, not long and sharply pronounce - A - a - a
Evenly, while exhaling, we pronounce for a long time - Aaaaaa - a long sound in one breath, without raising or lowering the intonation. Repeat in the same way with all vowels.

Gymnastics with consonants

We carry out pronouncing paired syllables like a tongue twister. It’s better to alternate: first we pronounce a syllable, then a tongue twister starting with that letter.
P – Pu-po-pa-pe-pi-py V – Vu-vo-va-ve-vi-vy F – Fu-fo-fa-fe-fi-fy G – Gu-go-ga-ge-gi -by K – Ku-ko-ka-ke-ki-by D – Du-do-da-de-di-dy T – Tu-to-ta-te-ti-you Z – Zhu-jo-zha-zhe -zhi-zhy B – Bu-bo-ba-be-bi-by Sh –
Shu-sho-sha-she-shi-shy Z – Zu-zo-za-ze-zi-zy S – Su-so-sa-se-si-sy

The advantage of such classes is that they can be carried out anywhere: in a clinic, on an airplane, walking down the street.

Very important for speech development fine motor skills.
We massage the child’s palms with our hands and soft brushes
We glue applications, collect cereals, string small beads on a thread, sculpt from plasticine, use a variety of nursery rhymes, for example “Magpie-Crow”

How to teach a child to say the letter s?

Let the child hold the pen cap between his teeth. Then we ask the child to blow
We ask the baby to stretch his mouth in a smile and rest his tongue on his lower teeth. We place a match on the tip of the tongue and ask the child to blow strongly on its base. A clear “s” sound is produced. Later, when you get the result, you can do this exercise without a match.

Video: Sound production p. How to teach a child to pronounce the sound s?

How to teach a child to say the letter z?

We pronounce words containing such a difficult letter as often as possible
We show the baby the correct position of the lips and tongue
We pronounce special rhymes and tongue twisters
We pronounce the words drawlingly, imitating the buzzing of a beetle

Video: How to pronounce the letter Z correctly?

How to teach a child to say the letter t?

lips are relaxed
teeth are not closed
the tip of the tongue knocks on the upper teeth
the neck doesn't move

Video: Setting the T sound at home

How to teach a child to say the letter g?

As the baby pronounces the syllable “yes,” we gradually move the tongue with a teaspoon, pressing on the front of its back. When moving the tongue, the syllable “dia” will appear first, then “cha”, and after it “ha”

How to teach a child to say the hard letter l?

You should pay attention to the correct pronunciation of this letter no earlier than 5-6 years
We pronounce this letter while smiling. We press the tip of the tongue to the palate. We show the baby this position and at the same time ask him to hum. Over time, we will hear the child pronounce “l”
If your baby has a hard time pronouncing the hard sound “l,” we do tongue exercises. We show the baby how to lick his lips, stroke the palate and teeth with his tongue. We are trying to reach our nose with our tongue
In order for the child to remember the correct pronunciation of this sound, when singing la-la-la, we ask him to slightly bite his tongue. This way your baby will easily remember the correct position of the tongue.

Video: Sound production l. How to teach a child to pronounce the sound l?

How to teach a child to say the letter w?

To correctly pronounce the letter “sh”, we show the baby how to position the tongue by pressing it to the lower lip, while simultaneously raising the tip and sides of the tongue
We do exercises, depicting a smile on the lips
Imitating chewing movements

Video: Staging sound sh. How to teach a child to pronounce the sound sh?

How to teach a child to say a word?

We focus on articulation. We clearly, clearly and correctly pronounce words that the baby does not pronounce correctly. Please pronounce it correctly
When communicating, we do not replace complex words with simple ones. If we talk about different objects, for example, carrots, tomatoes, cabbage, we do not generalize that these are vegetables. We teach our children different names of objects
We replenish the child's vocabulary with verbs. We speak not in nouns, but in short sentences. For example, a tiger growls (walks, sleeps, plays)
We use signs of objects in colloquial speech: watermelon - sweet, juicy, big
We explain what oppositions are. The floor is hard and the toy is soft. The car is driving and the plane is flying
We replenish the child’s vocabulary, read fairy tales and poems

Using all the methods listed in the article, with regular practice, you can easily solve minor problems in speech development.

With very large speech deviations, you cannot do without the help of a specialist.

Video: How to teach a child to speak?

Speaking is a skill whose importance is difficult to overestimate. People communicate with each other automatically and do not even think about what speech mechanisms are involved in the process. There are a lot of sounds we pronounce, but pronouncing some of them causes certain difficulties.

Usually, by the age of 4-5 years, a child can already pronounce almost all sounds. Unfortunately, some letters are much more difficult to master than others. Problems often arise with the pronunciation of the sound L. Kids stammer, distort words and “lisp.” And if in kindergarten this causes affection, then at school the inability to pronounce all sounds correctly can become a serious problem. How to teach a child to say the letter L? It turns out that there are a number of effective techniques that can eliminate such a speech defect at home.

Before moving on to exercises with the letter L, adults need to learn a number of simple rules that will make classes easy and spending time with your child enjoyable:

Speak as equals. Don't try to make things easier by babying, you'll only make things worse. Pronounce all words correctly - this is an extremely important condition.
Answer questions. If your child doesn’t understand something, stop and explain in more detail. This way your baby will feel strong support, and you will gain his full trust.
Turn activities into games. Children learn information well through play. It is important that the exercises evoke a positive emotional response in the baby. Make up fairy tales and arrange unusual adventures. Under such conditions, the child will begin to pronounce the sound L reflexively.
Exercise shouldn't be a punishment. In this way, you will discourage your child from wanting not only to study, but also to communicate with adults.
Maintain regularity. Conduct classes systematically, at a time that is comfortable for you and your child. The ideal option is exercise for 5-10 minutes 3-4 times a day.

Speech gymnastics

Articulation gymnastics is a set of exercises aimed at developing the organs of speech and hearing. Regular training of this kind will help you learn to pronounce any sounds correctly and clearly, including “L”:

"Active dating" Introduce your baby to all the organs that are involved in conversation: lips, tongue, cheeks, palate. Ask your child to sit in front of the mirror and carefully look at what is where and how it can move. During the process, the baby will quietly warm up the oral organs, warm them up and prepare them for classes.
Correct breathing. Most of the letters are pronounced while exhaling. And in order for the pronunciation to be clear and clear, it is necessary to control the amount of air. A child's favorite breathing exercises may include blowing soap bubbles or balloons, floating paper boats, or blowing out candles.
Smile. It is important to remember that the L sound must be pronounced with a wide smile. Invite your child to smile with his mouth closed from ear to ear and hold the grimace for 10 seconds.

A number of scientific studies have proven that fine motor skills of the hands directly affect the formation of children's speech. If you want your child to speak sounds beautifully and to deliver his speech correctly, buy him small toys and plasticine.

Before starting exercises for pronouncing the sound “L”, you should show your baby the correct position of the articulatory organs:

The tip of the tongue is located at the base of the upper teeth or alveoli, and it can also rest against the space between the jaws.
The exhaled air should pass along the sides of the tongue.
The sides of the tongue do not touch the cheeks and chewing teeth.
The root of the tongue is in an elevated position, the vocal cords are tense and vibrate.
The soft palate covers access to the nasal cavity.

Usually, a child does not have any particular difficulties mastering the mechanism of pronouncing the sound L, so a visible result is observed after just a few lessons.

Exercises for the sound L at home

Classic exercises:

Horse on the street. We depict a wide smile, show our teeth, opening our mouth. We reproduce the sound of hooves with our tongue. You need to start slowly and gradually increase the pace over time.
The horse is a spy. A more complicated version of the first exercise. The actions are the same, but you cannot make the characteristic clicking noise. Important! The movable jaw must be fixed, only the tongue works.
Feather. Prepare a light feather before starting classes. Ask your baby to smile, open his mouth slightly, and gently bite the tip of his tongue. Now he needs to exhale so that two air flows are formed. Check the strength and direction of breathing with a pen.
Sweets. The baby should open his mouth slightly, smile and show his teeth. The flat tip of the tongue should be placed on the lower lip and left in this state for 10 seconds. While your child is doing the first task, take his favorite candy and spread it on his upper lip. Ask your baby to lick the treat with his wide tongue using an up-and-down motion (not side to side). There is no need to use sweets next time.
Steamboat. Your child should imitate the sound of a steamboat at home. To do this, you need to pronounce the letter “Y” with slightly parted lips. For the exercise to be effective, watch the position of the tongue: the tip is lowered, the root rises to the palate.
Comb. It’s very easy to make the L sound using this exercise. Ask your baby to loosely close his teeth and try to push his tongue between them, as if combing it.
Swing. The child needs to swing his tongue from side to side, resting it on his cheeks.

When the training begins to bring the first results, you need to start practicing the pronunciation of the hard and soft sound L in the child. To do this, pronounce words with the desired letter together with him:

at the beginning of the word: lava, ladushki, lamp, boat, skis;
in the middle of the word: head, gold, ceiling, boulder, smile;
in a combination of consonants: cloud, eyes, globe, puzzles, strawberry;
at the end of the word: football, channel, falcon, ashes, metal.

Do you think how else can you teach a child to say L? Sing with him often extraordinary songs in “la-lo-lu” and read poems in which the required letter is often found (for example, “Lyulyu-bai” from the collection of poems “From As to Yaz” by T. Marshalova). Another interesting option is developmental simulators from BrainApps. Games for thinking, attention and memory will allow the child to gain new knowledge and increase their level of intelligence in a playful way. By combining speech gymnastics, home exercises and simulators from BrainApps, the child will begin to pronounce the sound L correctly very quickly.

When to contact a speech therapist?

By the age of 4, the sound L is easy for the child, he begins to correctly pronounce words with this letter. However, for a number of reasons, kids can distort words:

forget, skip or not hear “L” (instead of “spoon” says “ozhka”);
change “L” to “U” or “V” (“lamp” - “uampa”, “Larissa” - “Varisa”);
instead of “L” say “Y” (“kolobok” - “koyobok”);
confuse soft and hard “L”.

These errors usually resolve on their own or after a few practice sessions at home. In cases where a child’s speech defect is accompanied by malocclusion or a neurological disease, you should consult a specialist. An experienced speech therapist will prescribe an effective training program and help the child pronounce words correctly.

The sound “r” is considered the most difficult for a baby. If a child develops normally, he will learn to pronounce it around the age of five. If by this time the child is not able to cope with this on his own, then the parents should show him to the dentist. Most often, the cause of the problem may be a short hyoid frenulum. It is enough to trim it a little - and the problem with the letter “r” will be solved. If cutting the frenulum does not help, you can call a speech therapist for help. It is recommended to trim the frenulum at the age of 5 years, and before this period you can try to stretch it with the help of special exercises. But modern parents, who have such a powerful tool as the Internet, after reading this article, will themselves understand how to pronounce the letter “r”. First of all, you need to be patient.

Methodology for children and adults. How to learn to pronounce the letter "r"

It is necessary to sit the child on a chair, while the back should be straight, legs, arms and the whole body should be free, without tension. Give the child a mirror so that he can see his face in it. And the adult should be opposite, and the child should see him.

How to learn to pronounce the letter "r". We learn to stretch the hyoid ligaments by exhaling

Exercise “Learning to exhale”

Invite your child to take a deep breath and then exhale forcefully, blowing out the air so that the lips vibrate. You can invite him to blow out an imaginary burning candle. Repeat the exercise ten to twelve times.

Exercise "Sail"

Open your mouth as wide as possible, stick out your tongue and press it firmly against your upper teeth. At the same time, bend your back forward. Hold your tongue in this position for a few seconds. Repeat the exercise several times.

Exercise "Horse"

Press the end of your tongue firmly against the roof of your mouth and try clicking it, slowly at first, then faster, and finally very quickly. Repeat this exercise 10 - 12 times.

How to learn to pronounce the letter "r". Learning to quiver your tongue using a jet of air

Exercise “Drive away the mosquito”

Stick out the tip of your tongue and press it with both lips. Try to exhale a strong stream of air through your mouth, causing the tip of your tongue to tremble. In this case, you can try to pronounce any vowel letter. The exercise must be repeated several times.

How to learn to pronounce the letter "r". Developing the muscles of the tip of the tongue and its mobility

Exercise “Bite the tip of the tongue”

Stretch your lips into a smile and lightly bite your tongue. Repeat the exercise about ten times.

Exercise "Swing"

Open your mouth. Place the tip of your tongue on the protruding cusps of your upper teeth, then quickly lower it to touch your lower teeth. Repeat the exercise about 30 times.

Pronouncing the letter

The last exercise helps improve the coordination of the tongue when changing its upper and lower positions. Having mastered these skills, you can try to pronounce the letter “r”. The end of the tongue must be pressed with tension against the palate, and its lateral parts against the upper lateral teeth, and try to pronounce the letter “r”. If it doesn't work, try again.

Humans have a unique ability: they can share their thoughts and feelings with other individuals through the speech apparatus. This is also facilitated by a specific symbolic-sign system, that is, the alphabet. Every person learns correct pronunciation from early childhood. At the same time, many parents are thinking about how to teach their child to pronounce letters. The point of all learning is that letters and sounds form words from which sentences, texts, and statements are built that have semantic significance. Children often have trouble articulating all letters correctly. Most often, problems arise with the correct pronunciation of the letters “sh”, “r” and “l”.

This is due to the imperfection of the children's speech apparatus, which lacks training.

The first thing parents can do to help their baby quickly learn the correct pronunciation is to stop “lisping” with him. Adults, moved when communicating with a child, often distort their words. The child perceives this and later begins to reproduce these “wrong” expressions. Watch your speech, try to pronounce words loudly, clearly and distinctly. Turn your face when talking to your baby so that he can see your articulation.

If there is a severe problem with pronunciation, a speech therapist will come to the rescue. These specialists know everything about speech defects and will help eliminate them. It often happens that all you need is a consultation with a speech therapist. At the meeting, the specialist will assess the level of the child’s speech defect, recommend special exercises to perform at home, or schedule the next meeting with the child if the defect is very large and there is no way to solve the problem on your own.

The reason for an incorrect reprimand may be the individual characteristics of the physiological structure of the child’s speech apparatus, for example, the baby may have insufficient tongue length or a too short frenulum. In case of physiological reasons, the baby will have to undergo a series of medical procedures or undergo surgery.

For other reasons, you often just need to work hard with your baby. But don't correct him every time he mispronounces a word. Repeating one word three or four times, but very legibly and clearly, will be sufficient for memorization. You can speak at a slower pace at first, but gradually return to your normal speaking rate.

Articulation gymnastics provides invaluable assistance in teaching the correct pronunciation of letters. Speech therapists have created many different methods and manuals that will help in the fight against incorrect pronunciation.

Start training in the second to fourth years of your baby’s life. By the age of five or six, the speech apparatus is already fully formed and it may be too late.

Classes should be carried out in a light playful way that does not burden the baby. Do exercises to properly position the tongue and improve its mobility with your child.

It is best to perform the exercises in front of a mirror so that the baby can see how his tongue moves and can compare it with his mother’s tongue.

First, demonstrate the correct execution of the exercise, and then ask the child to repeat it.

Place your tongue at the edge of the upper row of teeth and ask your baby to repeat.
The baby must perform the exercise by holding the tongue for fifteen to twenty seconds.

Take a break and repeat the task two or three more times. This exercise will help make the hyoid ligament more flexible, which will help in pronouncing problematic letters.

The letter "r" is very difficult for many children. There are also special exercises to correct pronunciation. One of them is the “Woodpecker” task, when the child must forcefully hit the upper teeth with the tips of his tongue and simultaneously pronounce the letter “d.” The baby trains the tip of the tongue and correct articulation.

Words with “t” and “d” can help you pronounce the letter “r”. All these letters require the tip of the tongue to rest on the upper palate at the very edge of the upper dental arch. The letters "d" and "t" rarely cause problems in their pronunciation. Speech therapists use this to teach the correct articulation of the letter "r". Try to repeat with your child more words in which “r” follows “t” or “d”, for example, tractor or firewood.

You also need to be patient, because screaming and swearing can only discourage your child from learning anything at all. The parent's calm, balanced tone and clear diction will help to correctly perceive letters by ear. The baby will create a sound picture of the correct pronunciation and will then adjust his pronunciation to the correct sounds he hears.

You can use toys that depict the alphabet in teaching, or hang a beautiful, bright alphabet chart in the children's room. Favorite cartoon characters “hiding” behind the letters on the wall will arouse the child’s interest and help in learning.

For the little ones, you can find soft puzzle mats in the store. There are options with the alphabet, that is, the rug consists of squares with letters inside. In the future, you can use such a puzzle mat to teach reading, and if you choose the option that also contains numbers, you can use it to teach counting.

You can make an educational game yourself. To do this, cut out cards from cardboard and glue or draw letters on them. Invite your child to draw an object whose name begins with this letter. Then simply take out the cards and say the letter out loud, supporting the pronunciation with examples of object names, for example, “l” as in “lamp” or “i” as in “needle”. Try to use simple and one-syllable words. Don't overload your child's brain with terms and long words.

Teaching a child to pronounce letters correctly is not so difficult; all you have to do is be patient. The main thing is to conduct classes regularly to train your speech skills and improve pronunciation.

Each child develops differently. Some people read poetry at the age of two, while others only master the pronunciation of certain sounds by the age of four. However, there are certain generally accepted standards for mastering speech sounds. One of the last sounds a child develops is “R.” Under favorable conditions for the baby's development, this occurs in the fifth year of life. Some children have it much earlier - at three or even two years. But still, if the sound is absent in speech by the age of five, this can be considered a speech pathology.

Causes

Predisposing factors to incorrect pronunciation of “R” may be the following:

Short hyoid frenulum. It is able to limit the upward movement of the tip and front of the back of the tongue.
Insufficient air pressure when pronouncing this sound.
Limited mobility of the tongue muscles which leads to the inability to take the correct articulatory position and perform voluntary movements with the tongue.

At the beginning of work on producing this sound, parents need to find out from a specialist whether at least one of the factors applies in your case.

Short frenulum of the tongue

If the child has a short frenulum that does not require trimming, then work must be done to stretch it. It includes massage and articulation exercises. It is quite possible to perform a massage at home. You need to grab the frenulum with your thumb and forefinger at the very bottom under the tongue and rub it with pressing movements. It is necessary to knead the bridle along its entire length, trying to stretch it. But be careful not to damage it. Do several of these movements. After some time, you will see that the frenulum has increased.

As an example of articulation exercises for stretching the frenulum, we offer you the following:

“Reach your tongue to your nose.” You need to smile, open your mouth. Raise the wide tip of the tongue up to the nose and then lower it to the upper lip. In this case, the tongue should not narrow, and the jaws should remain motionless.
“Reach your chin.” Smile and open your mouth. Try to reach your chin with your wide tongue. Make sure that the jaws are motionless.
"Painter". Smile and open your mouth. Use the tip of your tongue to stroke the roof of your mouth from your teeth to your throat. The lower jaw is motionless.

There are rules that parents need to remember so as not to harm their child during exercises:

You need to open your mouth as wide as possible, but at the same time the child must reach the alveoli.
All exercises should be performed slowly, close to the limit of what is possible. Remember, during exercises the tongue may get tired, the frenulum may begin to hurt, so it is necessary to give the child a rest.

Trimming the frenulum is done only if it is short and consists of dysfunctional connective tissue. But a decision on this issue should only be made by a specialist.

Insufficient air flow force

As mentioned earlier, the reason for the violation of the pronunciation of the sound “P” may be insufficient strength of the air stream. We offer you exercises aimed at increasing it:

"Blow up the balloons." Inflate two cheeks and hold the air in them.

"Rolling Balls" Puff out your cheeks and roll the air from one cheek to the other.

Place your wide tongue on your lower lip. Fold the edges of the tongue so that a groove is formed. It's easy to blow through the groove.

Blow on pieces of cotton wool tied to a thread; blow on a pencil on the table to make it roll, blow on a dandelion, blow soap bubbles.

Weak tongue muscles

Strengthening the muscles of the tongue and the development of articulatory motor skills are facilitated by exercises in which the tongue rises up to the palate. Here are some of them:

“Horse” - click your tongue, stretching the hyoid ligament.
“Turkey” - you need to quickly touch your upper lip with the end of your tongue and accompany these movements with sounds similar to bl-bl-bl
“Accordion” - pull the tongue to the palate. Hold it in this position while alternately lowering and raising the lower jaw.

The result of the work described is an elastic tongue. If you have achieved this, then the next trick will be to easily “set” a capricious sound.

Setting the sound "R"

This sound is produced by vibration of the tip of the tongue. In order to cause it, there are two techniques that can be used at home. Just don’t forget that this should be preceded by preliminary work on strengthening the muscles of the articulatory apparatus, described above.

The first technique: you need to lift the tongue up, press it to the alveoli and blow hard on it, imitating a sound similar to zzzz. A jet of air formed between the tip of the tongue and the alveoli can cause the tip of the tongue to vibrate.
Second technique: pulling the entire tongue towards the palate, stretch the hypoglossal ligament and inhale through the nose. Next, blow strongly on the tongue, keeping it pulled in, as with the sound “T”, the end of the tongue should remain behind the upper teeth. The result is a vibration of the tip of the tongue - trr.

When producing the sound “R”, the main thing is the ability to hold the tip of the tongue with a strong air stream. Notice if during your sessions with your baby you have developed an unwanted guttural sound, which is much longer and more difficult to get rid of.

Most often, the throaty “R” is obtained when parents force the child to pronounce this sound without prior preparation and demonstration of correct articulation.

If your child gets the vibration, then the next step will be to consolidate the resulting sound in syllables. Remember, when pronouncing syllables, the sound “R” must be pronounced for a long time, stretched out. Later, when the sound comes out well, it will need to be gradually shortened.

Consolidation in syllables

Open syllables:

RA-RA-RA
RO-RO-RO
RU-RU-RU
RY-RY-RY
RA-RA, RA-RO, RO-RY, RA-RU, RO-RO, RY-RO, RY-RU, etc.

Closed syllables:

AR, OR, UR, YR
ARA, ARO, ORA, URO, ORU, URA, ARA, ORA, etc.

Consolidation in words

First you need to use words in which the sound “R” will be at the beginning of the word: rainbow, plant, grove, ditch, mouth, rye, hand, stream, shirt, pen, market, fisherman, lever, saffron milk cap.

Next, to consolidate the sound, you will need words in which “P” is in the middle of the word, but it is surrounded by vowels. Here is an example of similar words: mountains, city, heat, hole, headlight, pair, balls, choirs, deliberately, forty, etc.

Now - the sound “R” is at the end of the word: dispute, chorus, motor, heat, mosquito, samovar, peace, etc.

The next stage will be consolidation in words, where the sound will be in the middle of the word in combination with consonants: tap, firmly, throw, holiday, laundress, jump, hail, decanter, snowdrift, fence, pear, hillocks, grass, tram, winds, island , construction, etc.

But to pronounce words of this group, preliminary work is required to practice syllables in combination with a consonant sound:

BRA-BRO-BRU-BRA
VRA-VRO-VRU-VRY
GRA-GRO-GRU-GRY
DRA-DRO-DRU-DRY

These syllables should be pronounced both horizontally and vertically.

In order to diversify your activities with your baby, you can use onomatopoeia tasks. For example, “Tell me, how does a car engine work?” - trrr, “How can you stop a horse?” - trrr, “Imagine a cat that purrs” purr-murr, “Caw like a crow” karr-karr, “When you are cold, how do you say?” brrr. These games will certainly please the child and will distract him from the real task for which they are used.

Soft "R" sound

When pronouncing the soft sound “R”, the position of the organs of articulation changes slightly. The back of the tongue rises higher to the palate than when pronouncing a hard “R”. In addition, the tongue moves forward towards the teeth.

Consolidation occurs in the sogas in the following order: RI, RE, RYA, RIO, RYU.

You can ask the child to repeat a syllable and then a word with that syllable. For example, RE-RE-RE - rivers, RYU-RYU-RYU - ryusha, RI-RI-RI - Rima, etc.

We offer words that can be used to reinforce the soft sound “R”:

roar, hazel grouse, drawing, turnip, radish, carriage, lanterns, sailor, exercise, birch
fry, goalkeeper, beast, door
alarm, crackling, trick, bonus, surf, order, log, brigade, fortress, hook, mud, comb, mushroom

Sound differentiation

The "R" sound can be confused with sounds such as the soft "R", the "L" sound, and the soft "L". In order to teach a child to distinguish between these sounds, words are used that differ only in one sound that interests us. For example:

One - laz rad - row
Lie - rye ball - ball
Injection - reproach marriage - breakpoint
Cancer - varnish heat - fry

In this article, we described in detail the work on making the sound “R” at home. We really hope that this information will be of real benefit to those who care about the full and comprehensive development of their child. And in the next video, an experienced speech therapist will tell you how to teach a child to pronounce the letter R.

In the next video, an experienced speech therapist will tell you how to teach a child to pronounce the letter R.