When is the month of Rajab in the year. The month of Safar and its prejudices

To find out which Muslim holidays will be in 2019, and on what date they will take place, it is recommended to refer to the calendar by months, which will certainly help in this matter.

Most of the Muslim population with trepidation and delicately perceive the concept of their faith, because its significance from century to century passes from ancestors to the current generation. Through the study of the paraphernalia of religion, as well as traditional events, the customs of religion remain in the memory of people for a long time. Muslims are especially proud of Islamic holidays and prepare for them carefully and reverently.

Muslim holidays in 2019

According to history, on the day of the Hijra, when the Prophet Muhammad own will settled in Medina, the Islamic population celebrates New Year. Thus, being the main distinguishing feature in comparison with the new calendar, because in this system the "new year" falls on the end of December and the beginning of January.

In the Muslim yearly calendar, each month has 29 days and the date constantly changes based on the position of the moon. In any case, contains 354 days when the solar is slightly longer.

It is because of this that Muslim holidays, which will also be in 2019, will move forward by eleven days, as evidenced by the calendar for each month.

The total number of Muslim holidays that are of great importance for the population is 36 events. All of them are considered very important events. The calendar contains only national events that are not borrowed from other nationalities. At the insistence of Muhammad, mankind was forbidden to celebrate the days of outside religions.

Based on a certain significance, the arrangement of months is carried out. In the Muslim calendar for months there are days on which the Islamic population is engaged in maintaining vital energy.

There are periods in which you need to go to, as well as when you need to limit yourself to something or vice versa to have fun.

Based on the fact that Islamic celebrations are set according to the lunar calendar, Muslim holidays in 2019 fall on different days compared to last year. And so constantly, the dates of events differ from each other, and what date they will be, you need to look at the calendar.

February

8.02 - The suffering of Fatima- is the original celebration in Islam. The last daughter of Muhammad, whose name was Fatima, was a model of the true representative of the Muslim people.

March

1. 7.03 - The Night of the Gifts or the Night of Raghaib is an event symbolizing the sacrament of marriage between the parents of Muhammad, as well as his birth in the flesh of his mother. This holiday is the most benevolent night, according to the Islamic God.
2. March 14 - Hijri to Ethiopia.
3. March 20 - Imam Ali's birthday who was a faithful follower of the Prophet, his cousin and a dynamic soldier of military operations of those years.
4. 21.03 - Spring equinox or Navruz- the chanting of the upcoming harvest, accompanied by a mass and joyful meal, for which new dishes are put up, and certain dishes are served. A ban on swearing and reproaches for past grievances has been established.

April

1. 3.04 - Isra and miraj- echoes the pilgrimage to Jerusalem, to which the prophet went, as well as his departure to another world. With the veneration and admiration that comes from people, you can get a savab that appears after a century of honor and painstaking work on yourself.
2. 20.04 - Night of Baraat- an event recognized from the few nights when the inhabitants of the planet received the holy Koran. On this day, believers can hope for liberation from sinful deeds, farewell to debt obligations, as well as punishment for crimes committed.

On this night, it is important to pray a lot and think about your behavior, reconsidering your life position.

May

1. 05.05 - the beginning of Ramadan- an important month in the life of Islam, which provides for individual actions. In Christianity, few would say that this is a holiday. Indeed, during this period it is necessary to fast in strict conditions, to provide assistance to those who really need it, to be respectable and try to do something good for other people. This will help spiritually and physically cleanse each person. At this time, you can not smoke, participate in love contact, it is forbidden to eat a lot of food and drink water during the day. May 5 is also the feast of Umrah, which symbolizes petty journey to Mecca.
2. May 22 - Battle of Badr- on this day they fought for independence. And the victory was won, regardless of the mass character of the enemy side.
3. May 25 - Fatah Day Mecca- the official approval of Islam in Mecca and getting rid of the pagan symbols of worship that live in the temple of the Kaaba.
4. 26.05 - Suffering of Imam Ali who was the son-in-law of the Prophet and his follower. He was a participant in most of the battles.
5. May 31 - Night of Power and Predestination- a significant event that is attached to the message of Muhammad in the early suras of the Koran. It is necessary to admit your mistakes and pray for the atonement of offenses, evaluate the actions taken and draw other conclusions.

June

1. 5.06 - Uraz Bayram- a joyful event for Muslims at the end of the hard fast of Ramadan. Muslims prepare in advance for this event: they update their wardrobe, buy gifts for their relatives, clean their homes, prepare special dishes and arrange a solemn meal, where not only relatives, but also strangers can be invited.
2. 7.06 - Battle of Uhud- the only defeat of Muhammad among all the battles fought. This battle was the last.
3. June 14 - Battle of Hunayn which is discussed in the Qur'an.
4. 29.06 -The Suffering of Imam Ja'far, who was a descendant of the messenger and a specialist in theology.

July

4.07 - Treaty of Hudaybiya- the process of discussion between Muhammad and the Quraysh, during which Islam was officially accepted.

August

1. 2.08 - the beginning of Dhul Hijjah. The twelfth month, when it is forbidden to fight and take cruel revenge. It is important to pray as much as possible, confess, and also fast.
2. 11.08 - Day of Arafat- addressed to the wandering population that lives in the Hajj. They need to unite and stand on the mountain in the sacred valley of Arafat, which is located near Mecca. It is impossible to sin, because the punishment for deeds will be very cruel. It is important to pray and confess.
3. 12.08 - Kurban Bayram- the most important festive event in Muslim culture, when a sacrifice is performed. On this day, cattle are killed, and the meat is cut into three parts and distributed to relatives, the poor and society.
4. 13.08 - Days of At-Tashriq- an additional event in honor of the celebration of Eid al-Adha.
5. 19.08 - Gadir-khum or Religious Perfection Day. It is necessary to speak and remember about the valuable events in the development of Islam, as well as to study the Koran.
6. 25.08 - Eid al-Mubahil- communication between Muslims and representatives of Christianity.

September

1. 1.09 - Hijri New Year, as well as the first day in the month of Muharram. It does not belong to the number of important Muslim events, and therefore, does not provide for special traditions and solemn meals. The Muslim population goes to the mosque and also reads the instructions of the Prophet.
2. 7.09 - Hike to Khaibar, after which a separate territory of the oasis of Arabia was liberated, which was blocked for thirty days.
3. 9.09 - Tashua of Imam Hussein. When the Imam died fighting a pious battle.
4. 10.09 - Day of Ashura- is a mourning day, accompanied by funeral music that sounds everywhere. Muslims, if desired, can fast for 3 days.
5. 30.09 - the beginning of the second month in the Muslim calendar - Safar. It is necessary to perform a number of traditional ceremonies, as well as to behave calmly.

October

1. 19.10 - Arbain- the day when they honor Imam Hessein, who died, tormented and suffering.
2. 26.10- Night of the Hijra.
3. 27.10 - Day of Muhammad's death. This is an official day of mourning, which is attached to the very unfortunate incident of Islam.
4. 28.10 - Suffering of Imam Ali ar-Rida. A memorable day when a descendant of the Prophet is honored. Ali was an outstanding specialist in the Qur'an.

November

9.11 - Birthday of Mohammed or Mawlid. It is among the main celebrations of the Islamic religion. It is characterized by doing good deeds, helping people in need.

Significant Muslim holidays, as well as state holidays, in 2019 include Eid al-Adha and Eid al-Adha, which are also marked in the calendar of Bashkortostan.

The same Muslim holidays are present in the calendar of the Republic of Tatarstan, despite their own celebrations, such as the Day of the Republic and the Constitution. The celebration of Islamic events is due to the presence in this subject of the country of a significant mass of people who adhere to Islam.

It is important to know that these events are characterized not only by general fun and a festive meal with special ones. Most Muslims believe that these days they will be able to do a lot of good things that will be incomparable with sinful deeds.

main tradition public holidays In Islam, it is considered visiting temples and worship, as well as the implementation of ceremonies characteristic of this religion. In addition, on the set days, they help the poor, please the people around them, including strangers, give pleasant souvenirs and surprises to relatives and friends, and also behave with dignity.

The month of Safar al-Khair, the second month of the Muslim calendar, has arrived. We all know that among Muslims all worship, important dates and events are connected precisely with the lunar calendar. And some stereotypes are associated with the month of Safar, which have no basis in Sharia.

Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) in a hadith narrated from Abu Hurairah said: No adwa, no ammat, no safar ". (Muslim and Bukhari).

That is, " adva» – contagion, a disease that is passed from one person to another, « ammat» – this is the transmigration of souls (the Arabs believed that after death the soul and body turn into a bird), And " Safar» - what people associate with the month of Safar (trouble, misfortune). Indeed, without the will of Allah, a contagious disease is not transmitted. Also, by the will of the Almighty, a whole city can die, and one of its inhabitants stay alive, or vice versa.

Some of these false beliefs about the month of Safar have been handed down from Jahili times, and some have been introduced since. Belief in the inauspiciousness of the month of Safar, as well as the inauspiciousness of marriage, marriage proposals, travel, etc. during this month, as we noted above, is contrary to the teachings of Islam.

In pre-Islamic times, the Arabs considered this month to be ominous. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) rejected such beliefs and ideas about the month of Safar and on this occasion said: “ There is nothing wrong with the month of Safar » ( Bukhari).

Therefore, for Muslims who consider themselves followers of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), it will be wrong to imitate non-Muslims, believing in what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) unequivocally refuted.

There is no special time that in itself could be considered bad, but our deeds can be both good and bad. The time during which good deeds were done will be good, and the time spent in sinful deeds and in disobedience to Allah Almighty will be bad and sinister.

Therefore, the month of Safar itself is not sinister. Evil deeds and wrong beliefs are sinister, which must be abandoned and repented of. There is no need to postpone marriage, marriage proposal, travel and other matters because of such superstitions.

May Almighty Allah not deprive all Muslims of prudence to accept all the beautiful teachings of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), follow them and abandon everything that is contrary to the teachings of Islam.

Abdul Abdulkhamidov

The calendar is one of essential elements Everyday life each person. Muslims have their own system of chronology, based on which they observe certain religious prescriptions.

Most of the world's countries today use the Gregorian solar calendar, which counts from the birth of Jesus Christ (Prophet Isa, r.a.) and includes 12 months (365 or 366 days). In Islam, it is taken as a basis, counting the days from the moment of the Hijra - the migration of the Prophet Muhammad (SV) and the first Muslims from Mecca to Medina, which occurred in 622 according to the Gregorian calendar (it is called Miladi). The key difference is that the Muslim calendar is shorter than the Gregorian one by 11-12 days, so the onset of certain religiously significant events occurs on different dates of the Gregorian calendar.

At the same time, Muslims do not have a universal unified Islamic calendar, since they use different methods defining a new month. Some theologians argue that this moment comes when a new moon is visible in the sky. Others believe that in this case one should resort to the latest technologies and determine the onset of the month by satellite. It is the presence of these disagreements that leads to the fact that the same event (for example, the onset of the month of Ramadan, the celebration of Uraza-Bayram, and so on) in different states and even regions of one country occurs at different times.

The Muslim calendar, like the Gregorian, has 12 months. God's final revelation says:

“Indeed, the number of months with Allah is twelve. So it was written in Scripture on the day when Allah created the heavens and the earth. Four of them are forbidden months" (9:36)

Muslim calendar: the most significant days and months in 2020 - illustration #1

Features of each month

1. Muharram

The Islamic calendar begins with the month of Muharram. It occupies a special position and is one of the four forbidden months in Islam, which are mentioned in the aforementioned verse. Their prohibition is due to the fact that our Creator has imposed a ban on conflicts and warfare in these months.

The month of Muharram, which stands out in particular in Islam, carries great dignity for the faithful. For example, this period is considered very favorable for those who are going to hold an additional post. The final Messenger of God (s.g.v.) explained: “After Ramadan, the best way to fast is Muharram - the month of the Lord” (hadith from Muslim and Abu Daud).

Separately, Muslims single out the day of Ashura in the month of Muharram, which falls on its tenth day. The significance of this date is evidenced by the fact that many important events in the history of Islam fall precisely on (in 2020 it is August 29). Fasting on the 10th of the month of Muharram is believed to expiate the sins of the whole year. As proof, a reliable saying of the Prophet Muhammad (s.g.v.) is cited: “The one who fasts on the day of Ashura is forgiven of sins for a year” (hadith from Muslim, at-Tirmizi and Ahmad). However, Shiite theologians argue that fasting on this day should not be observed, since this is the date of the tragic death of Imam Hussein, who is especially revered by Shiite Muslims.

2. Safar

second month of Islamic lunar calendar is Safar. Among the Arabs of the pre-Islamic period, it was considered a month of disasters, and therefore during this period they tried not to go on long journeys, not to marry, etc. The Mercy of the Worlds Muhammad (s.g.v.) dispelled these prejudices, declaring: “There are no bad signs of the month of Safar” (Muslim).

It should be remembered that everything in this world comes from our Creator, no matter what month it is.

3. Rabi ul-Awwal

In the Muslim calendar, the third month is the month of Rabi ul-Awwal, significant, first of all, because in this month another Final Messenger of the Almighty Muhammad (S.G.V.) was born and passed into the world. Referring to him with His Revelation, Allah indicates:

"We sent you only as a mercy to the worlds" (21:107)

By the way, Muslims living mainly in the states of the post-Soviet space, as well as in a number of other countries, celebrate (November 8)- Birthday of your Prophet (S.G.V.). However, theologians from the Arab world categorically oppose its celebration. As an argument, they cite a hadith that reads: “Indeed, Allah replaced them (holidays) with two better days: Day of breaking the fast and Day of sacrifice ”(Abu Dawud).

4. Rabi ul-Ahir

The fourth month of the year in the Muslim chronology is Rabi ul-Ahir, also called Rabi us-Sani. Its name means "last spring" or "second spring" and implies a continuation of the previous month.

5. Jumad al-Ula

The next month of the Islamic calendar is Jumad al-Ula (sometimes called Jumad al-Awwal). The Arabic word "jumada" is used for drought. In this month, as a rule, in pre-Islamic Arabia (from where the names of all months are preserved) there was a drought.

6. Jumad al-Ahir

The sixth month of the calendar is Jumad al-Ahir (or Jumad al-Sani). This month, like the previous one, was considered by the Arabs of the times of the Jahiliyya to be the driest, in connection with which they received such names. In the month of Jumad al-Ahir, another closest associate of Muhammad (s.g.v.) and the first righteous caliph, Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (r.a.), passed into the world.

7. Rajab

Second half lunar year starts from the month of Rajab. Like Muharram, it is included in the list of forbidden months in Islam, during which it is strictly forbidden to wage wars. So, there is a Qur'anic verse:

“They ask you about the battle in the forbidden month. Say: "Fighting this month is a great crime" (2:217)

In the hadiths, one can find the words of the Messenger of the Almighty about the desirability of keeping the uraza in the forbidden months, which include Rajab. “Fast on certain days of the reserved months!” (Abu Dawud). However, many theologians called this hadeeth weak.

Significant events in the history of Islam fell on the month of Rajab. For example, on his 1st Friday comes - the date of marriage by the parents of the Final Messenger of God. Some theologians elevate it to the level of a holiday, while others note that this night is only memorable date, which means that this date is not worth celebrating.

On the 27th of the month of Rajab, the famous night journey of the Prophet Muhammad (S.G.V.) - Isra, as well as his ascension to heaven - took place. This event is one of the greatest miracles in the history of Islam and is mentioned in the Qur'an:

“Exalted is He Who transferred His servant at night to show him some of Our signs from the Sacred Mosque to the mosque of al-Aqsa, the surroundings of which We bestowed a blessing” (17:1)

8. Shaaban

Eighth in a row muslim month, goes directly before the holy Ramadan. During Shaaban, believers prepare to observe the upcoming obligatory fast. Preparation includes, among other things, fasting on certain days. So did the Messenger of the Almighty (s.g.v.).

It is narrated from the words of Aisha bint Abu Bakr (r.a.): “I did not see that the Prophet Muhammad fasted for the whole month, except for the month of Ramadan, and I did not see that in any month he fasted more than in Shaabane" (hadith reported by al-Bukhari and Muslim).

In addition, the faithful in this month should pay no less attention to worship. Mercy of the worlds Muhammad (s.g.v.) emphasized: “Our Lord descends in the middle of the night of the month of Shaaban and forgives the sins of all His creatures, except for the polytheist and the adherent of innovations!” (Ibn Maja).

9. Ramadan

The most significant for Muslims around the world is the Holy month of Ramadan (Ramadan). Its importance is due to the fact that it was during these 30 days of the Islamic calendar that the last Book of Allah was revealed to mankind.

The exclusivity of Ramadan is described in the hadiths: “When Ramadan comes, the gates of Paradise open, the gates of Hell close, and the devils are chained” (al-Bukhari and Muslim).

The most important element of this month is the obligatory fast, which serves as one of the pillars of Islam. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) once said: “Indeed, there is a gate in Paradise called “ar-Rayyan”, through which fasting people will enter on the Day of Resurrection, and no one will enter through this gate except them” (al -Bukhari and Muslim).

In addition, it is on the 9th month of the Islamic calendar that the best night in the year - (Night of predestination). Her greatness is already indicated by the fact that an entire Qur'anic sura is dedicated to her:

“Indeed, We sent down it (the Qur'an) on the night of predestination (or power, majesty). How could you know what the night of predestination is? The Night of Destiny is better than a thousand months. On this night, the angels and the Spirit (Jibril) descend with the permission of their Lord, according to all His commands. She is prosperous until dawn.” (Sura 97)

These verses directly indicate that Laylat ul-Qadr exceeds 1000 months in terms of its goodness, and this corresponds to more than 83 years - almost a whole human life. And every positive deed that is done on this night will turn out to be a much greater blessing for the servant of Allah than the good deeds performed by him throughout his earthly life.

In Ramadan, believers should be zealous in reading the verses and suras of the Holy Book, read (preferably with a jamaat) tarawih prayers, and perform other good deeds, since for them you can count on a multifold reward from the Creator. (In 2020, the month of Ramadan begins on April 24 and the first day of fasting falls on this date).

10. Shawwal

The month of Shawwal following Ramadan is also considered special in the life of the Ummah. First of all, this is due to the fact that on the 1st of this month one of the most important Islamic holidays is celebrated - the Day of breaking the fast. (Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Fitr, which in 2020 falls on May 24 and is celebrated for the next two days).

Secondly, in Shawwal, Muslims are advised to observe 6 days of Uraza. Together with fasting in the month of Ramadan, they give a reward equivalent to the savab received for a year of fasting. The basis for this assertion is contained in the hadith: “If someone observed the fast in Ramadan and added six days of fasting to it in the month of Shawwal, he will receive such a reward as if he had been fasting all year” (Muslim).

11. Zul Qaeda

The eleventh month of the Islamic calendar is Zul Qaeda, the third forbidden month after Muharram and Rajab. During it, it is forbidden to conduct hostilities and enter into conflicts.

12. Dhul-Hijja

The final month of the year in the Islamic chronology plays a huge role in the life of the ummah, since it accounts for the performance of important religious rites.

Firstly, Zul-Hijja is the month of one of the pillars of Islam - the pilgrimage ().

Secondly, the first 9 days of this month are singled out separately: “No matter what days righteous deeds are performed, Allah loves doing them most of all on these days,” says the hadith cited by al-Bukhari. The believers are advised to spend this time period in fasting, to be diligent in worship, to help those in need, to implement other deeds pleasing to Allah.

A special place in the initial decade of the month of Zul-Hijjah is occupied by Arafah Day (in 2019 falls on July 30). To the one who holds the eye on this day, by the grace of the Lord, all the sins that he committed in 2 years will be forgiven. Confirmation of this can be found in the hadith: “Fasting on the day of Arafah serves as an atonement for the sins of the past and future years” (Muslim).

Well, the most important date at the end of the Muslim lunar year falls on the 10th of the month of Zul-Hijjah, when the second of the greatest holidays in Islam - Day of Sacrifice (Eid al-Adha, Kurban Bayram, which in 2020 is celebrated from July 31 to August 3, including the days of Tashriq).

The second month of the lunar calendar, the month of Safar, will soon come. The word "safar" (with the letter "garden") can mean "turn yellow", "become yellow" (another meaning is "empty", "empty"). It was the month of autumn when the leaves turned yellow and the Arabs left their dwellings.

This month is also called "safar al-muzaffar", "safar al-khair", which means "success", "prosperity", "luck". He received such names in the era of Islam in order to get rid of the prejudices of ignorance, when the month of Safar was considered a month of failures and bad omens, so that during it they tried not to conclude large transactions, not to marry and not to do such important things.

With the advent of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), all bad omens and omens were abolished. Day, week, month - any of them can be bad and good, depending on the will of Allah. If a person does good deeds at this time, this time will be successful for him, if he sins, he will be punished by Allah. It is also known that there are especially blessed months and days during which the reward for good deeds increases, but the punishment for sins also increases at this time. Our mind and understanding are limited, so we should seek divine guidance from the Holy Qur'an and the Hadith of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The great scholars of Islam have clarified many things for us in accordance with Shari'ah, and we must accept and adhere to them if we are to be successful in both worlds.

Until now, among some Muslim peoples, prejudices regarding this month have been preserved. True and sincere Muslims should refrain from them and engage in pious deeds. All customs and signs associated with the month of Safar are unfounded.

Allah, Subhanahu wa Ta'ala, says in the Qur'an:

“No misfortune befalls (a person) except with the permission of Allah ...” (Sura Taghabun, ayat 11)

These erroneous beliefs have also been condemned in the context of the following hadith:

“There are no superstitions - (such as) (cries of) an owl, (other) birds, stars that portend rain, (other) bad signs of the month of Safar” (Sahih Bukhari, Hadith 5707).

“There are no bad signs of the month of Safar” (Sahih Muslim, Hadith 2222).

The above hadiths clearly refute all wrong beliefs and superstitions regarding the month of Safar. These wrong beliefs were characteristic of people in the pre-Islamic period of ignorance (jahiliyya).

Safar month in times of ignorance:

The Muhaddiths (Scholars of Hadith) have passed on many of the superstitions of the Arabs in times of ignorance. Some of them are mentioned below:

1. Pre-Islamic Arabs believed that a safar is a snake that lives in a person's stomach and, when it wants to eat, bites a person. This is the discomfort that a person experiences when he feels the pangs of hunger.
2. Some said that safar are worms that start in the liver and ribs, due to which the complexion becomes yellow (we are talking about the disease that we know today as jaundice).
3. According to some ideas, the month of Safar is full of troubles and misfortunes.

With the advent of Islam, all the harmful and wrong beliefs that were common in pre-Islamic times were abolished. Unfortunately, today there are also some Muslims who hold incorrect beliefs regarding the month of Safar:

1. Nikah (marriage) entered into this month will not be happy.
2. This month is full of misfortune and calamity.
3. You should not start any important undertaking, business, etc. this month, as it will end in failure.
4. From the first to the thirteenth day of the month, Safar are considered especially unfortunate.
5. The person who distributes food or money (as alms) on the 13th of the month of Safar will be saved from the misfortunes of that month.
6. The last Wednesday of the month of Safar is celebrated in a special way (some even perform a special prayer at this time).

Muslims should avoid all kinds of erroneous beliefs regarding the blessed month of Safar. We should understand that the most unfortunate person is the one who disobeys the commandments of Allah, for example, does not perform five prayers.