Losses in heat networks calculation 325. The procedure for determining the standards for fuel reserves at sources of thermal energy (with the exception of sources of thermal energy operating in the mode of combined generation of electric and thermal energy)
1. Standards for technological losses in the transmission of heat energy are developed for each organization operating heat networks for the transfer of heat energy to consumers (hereinafter referred to as the heat grid organization). The development of standards for technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy is carried out by performing calculations of the standards for the heat network of each heat supply system, regardless of the estimated hourly heat load connected to it.
Standards for technological losses during the transmission of heat energy through the heat networks of organizations for which the transfer of heat energy is not the main activity (hereinafter referred to as enterprises) that provide services for the transfer of heat energy to third-party consumers (subscribers) connected to the heat networks of the enterprise are approved by the Ministry in part related to third party users. At the same time, technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy for the enterprise's own consumption are excluded from the specified standards.
In the case of transfer of heat energy to own and third-party consumers (subscribers) not through allocated heat pipelines, the technological loss standards are distributed in proportion to the amount of heat energy transferred for the enterprise's own heat consumption and to third-party consumers.
In the event that the power receiving devices of the consumer of thermal energy have an indirect connection to the networks of a heat supply or heat network organization, the volume of technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy in the heat network through which such connection is carried out can be calculated in accordance with this Instruction separately from the calculation of standard technological losses arising in heat networks of a heat supply or heat network organization.
The fact of indirect connection of a consumer to the networks of a heat supply or heat network organization and the use of heat pipelines to transfer heat energy to this consumer is confirmed by a document of the competent authority of the administration of the relevant municipality containing the characteristics of these heat pipelines that are part of the heat network on the territory of the municipality.
The standards for technological losses in the transmission of thermal energy do not include losses and costs at heat supply sources and in energy receiving installations of thermal energy consumers, including pipelines of thermal networks and heating points belonging to the latter.
2. Standards for technological losses in the transmission of heat energy are developed according to the following indicators:
losses and costs of heat carriers (steam, condensate, water);
losses of thermal energy in thermal networks by heat transfer through heat-insulating structures of heat pipelines and with losses and costs of heat carriers (steam, condensate, water);
the cost of electrical energy for the transfer of thermal energy.
3. Standards for technological losses for water heat networks of district heating systems with an attached calculated hourly heat load of consumers of 50 Gcal / h (58 MW) and more are developed taking into account the standard energy characteristics or standard values of the performance indicators of water heat networks (hereinafter referred to as energy characteristics) by recalculation from the conditions adopted during their development to the conditions of the upcoming regulatory period in accordance with this Instruction.
In the absence for the period of development or revision of energy characteristics for water heating networks with an estimated hourly heat load of 50 Gcal / h (58 MW) and more attached to them, the standards for technological losses during the transmission of heat energy are determined in accordance with this Instruction. At the same time, the heat grid organization submits an official confirmation of the development (revision) of energy performance during the year, signed by the head of the organization.
4. Standards for technological losses during the transfer of heat energy for water heating networks with an estimated hourly heat load of less than 50 Gcal / h (58 MW) attached to them and for steam heating networks are developed in accordance with this Instruction.
Where V from and V l - capacity of pipelines of heating networks in the heating and non-heating periods, m 3;
n from and n l - the duration of the operation of heating networks in the heating and non-heating periods, h.
When calculating the value of the average annual capacity, it is necessary to take into account: the capacity of pipelines newly put into operation and the duration of use of these pipelines during the calendar year; capacity of pipelines formed as a result of the reconstruction of the heat network (changes in pipe diameters in sections, lengths of pipelines, configuration of the route of the heat network) and the period of time during which the sections of the reconstructed pipelines put into operation are involved in calendar year; capacity of pipelines temporarily taken out of use for repair, and the duration of repair work.
When determining the value of the average annual capacity of the heat network in the value of the capacity of pipelines in the non-heating period, the requirement of the technical operation rules to fill the pipelines with deaerated water while maintaining an excess pressure of at least 0.5 kgf / cm 2 at the upper points of the pipelines should be taken into account.
The predicted duration of the heating period is taken as an average of the corresponding actual values for the last 5 years or in accordance with building codes and rules for building climatology.
Coolant losses in case of accidents and other violations of the normal operating regime, as well as excess losses, are not included in the normalized leakage.
10.1.3. Heat carrier costs due to the commissioning of heating network pipelines, both new and after scheduled repairs or reconstruction, are accepted in the amount of 1.5 times the capacity of the corresponding heating network pipelines.
10.1.4. The costs of the coolant due to its draining by means of automatic control and protection, providing for such a drain, are determined by the design of these devices and the technology for ensuring the normal functioning of heating networks and equipment.
The values of annual losses of the coolant as a result of draining, m 3, are determined from the formula:
, (3)
Where m- technically justified flow rate of the coolant drained by each of the operating automation or protection devices of the same type, m 3 / h;
N- the number of operating devices of automation or protection of the same type, pcs.;
n year.aut. - the duration of the operation of the same type of devices during the year, h;
k- the number of groups of the same type of operating automation and protection devices.
10.1.5. Coolant costs during scheduled operational testing of heat networks and other scheduled maintenance include coolant losses during performance preparatory work, disconnection of sections of pipelines, their emptying and subsequent filling.
The normalization of coolant costs for these purposes is carried out taking into account the frequency of performance tests and other routine maintenance regulated by regulatory documents and the approved operational cost rates for each type of testing and routine maintenance in heat networks for these sections of pipelines.
The plan for conducting operational tests of heat networks and other routine maintenance is approved by the head of the heat grid organization and is included in the materials substantiating the standards.
10.2. Heat carrier - steam.
10.2.1. Normalized steam losses, t, may be determined according to the standards for water heating networks using the formula:
, (4)
Where r P - steam density at medium parameters of the coolant (pressure and temperature) along the steam pipeline, from the heat supply source to the boundaries of operational responsibility, kg / m 3;
V n. year - average annual capacity of steam pipelines operated by a heating network organization, m 3; determined by .
The average parameters of the coolant along the steam pipeline are determined as the weighted average values for the material characteristics of each i-th section of the steam pipeline according to the formulas:
; (5)
, (6)
Where t cf. i and R cf. i - average temperature and absolute pressure of the coolant at i-th section of the steam pipeline, ° С and kgf / cm 2;
M i , SM i - material characteristic i-th section of the steam pipeline and the total material characteristic of the steam pipeline, m 2.
10.2.2. Condensate lossG PC , t, are determined according to the norm for water heating networks using the formula:
, (7)
Where V year - average annual capacity of condensate pipelines, m 3; determined by ;
r To - density of condensate at its average temperature, kg/m 3 .
10.2.3. Heat carrier costs in steam heat networks during scheduled operational testing of heat networks and other routine maintenance include losses of heat carrier during preparatory work, shutdown, emptying of pipeline sections and their subsequent filling, including costs for filling, heating, purging pipelines before commissioning.
The normalization of heat carrier costs for the indicated purposes is carried out taking into account the frequency of performance tests and other routine maintenance regulated by regulatory documents and the approved operational cost standards for each type of work in heat networks.
The plan for conducting operational tests of heat networks and other routine maintenance is approved by the head of the heat grid organization and is included in the materials substantiating the standards.
11. Normative technological losses and costs of thermal energy during its transmission include:
losses and costs of thermal energy due to losses and costs of the coolant;
losses of thermal energy by heat transfer through the insulating structures of heat pipelines and equipment of heat networks.
11.1. Determination of standard technological costs and losses of thermal energy due to losses and costs of the coolant - water.
Where r year - the average annual density of the coolant at an average (taking into account b) temperature of the heat carrier in the supply and return pipelines of the heating network, kg / m 3;
b- the proportion of the mass flow rate of the heat carrier lost by the supply pipeline of the heating network (in the absence of data, it can be taken from 0.5 to 0.75);
t 1 year and t 2 year - average annual values of the temperature of the heat carrier in the supply and return pipelines of the heating network according to the temperature chart for regulating the heat load, °С;
t x year - the average annual value of the temperature of the source water supplied to the source of heat supply and used to feed the heating network, ° С;
With- specific heat capacity of the coolant, kcal/kg °С.
The average annual temperatures of the heat carrier in the supply and return pipelines are calculated as weighted averages of the average monthly values of the temperature of the heat carrier in the corresponding pipeline, taking into account the number of hours of operation in each month. Average monthly temperatures of the heat carrier in the supply and return pipelines are determined according to the operational temperature schedule for the supply of heat energy in accordance with the expected average monthly values of the outdoor air temperature.
The expected average monthly values of the outdoor air temperature are determined as the average of the corresponding statistical values according to the information of the meteorological station for the last 5 years, or in accordance with building codes and rules for building climatology and climatological reference book.
The weighted average values of the coolant temperature in the supplyt 1 year and back t 2 year pipelines of the heating network, °С, can be determined by the formulas:
; (9a)
, (9b)
Where t 1 i and t 2 i - values of the temperature of the heat carrier in the supply and return pipelines of the heating network according to the operational temperature schedule for the supply of heat energy at the average outdoor temperature of the corresponding month, °C.
Average annual temperaturet x year initial water supplied to the source of heat supply to feed the heating network, °C, is determined by a formula similar to formulas (9a) and (9b).
In the absence of reliable information on the temperatures of the source water, it is permissible to taket X. from =5°С, t X. l \u003d 15 ° C.
11.1.2. Regulatory technological costs of thermal energy for filling new sections of pipelines and after scheduled repairs, Gcal, are determined by:
, (10)
Where V tr.z - capacity of filled pipelines of heating networks operated by a heating network organization, m 3;
r zap - density of water used for filling, kg/m 3 ;
t zap - temperature of the water used for filling, °С;
t X - temperature of the source water supplied to the source of thermal energy during the filling period, °С.
11.1.3. Normative technological losses of thermal energy with drains from automatic control and protection devices, Gcal, are determined by the formula:
, ()
where G a.s. - annual losses of the coolant as a result of draining, m 3;
r sl - average annual density of the coolant, depending on the installation location of automatic devices, kg / m 3;
t sl and t X - temperature of the drained coolant and source water supplied to the heat supply source during the drain period, °C.
11.1.4. During the planned performance tests and other routine maintenance, the costs of thermal energy with this component of the coolant costs must be determined using formulas similar to .
11.2. Determination of standard technological costs and losses of thermal energy due to losses and costs of the coolant - steam.
11.2.1. Regulatory losses of thermal energy due to steam losses, Gcal, are determined by the formula:
, ()
Where i n and i X - steam enthalpy at average values of pressure and temperature along individual lines at the source of heat supply and at the boundary of operational responsibility, as well as source water, kcal / kg.
11.2.2. Regulatory losses of thermal energy due to condensate losses, Gcal, are determined by the formula:
, ()
Where t cond and t X - average values of temperature of condensate and source water for the period of operation of steam networks at the source of heat supply, °С.
11.2.3. Losses of thermal energy associated with performance testing of steam pipelines and condensate pipelines and (or) other routine maintenance, including heating, purging of steam pipelines are determined by formulas similar to and.
11.3. Determination of normative technological losses of thermal energy by heat transfer through heat-insulating structures of pipelines of water heating networks.
11.3.1. The determination of standard technological losses of thermal energy by heat transfer through heat-insulating structures of pipelines is based on the values of hourly heat losses under average annual operating conditions of heat networks.
In some cases, it becomes necessary to determine average seasonal values instead of average annual values of specific hourly heat losses, for example, when networks operate only during the heating period in the absence of hot water supply or with independent heating networks for hot water supply, hot water supply in an open circuit through one pipe (without circulation) . In this case, the temperature conditions are determined as weighted average for the period by analogy with the algorithm given in this Instruction.
The determination of the normative values of hourly losses of thermal energy is carried out in the following order:
for all sections of heat networks, based on information about the design features of heat pipelines (type of laying, year of design, outer diameter of pipelines, section length) and the norms of heat losses (heat flow) indicated in tables,, and to this Instruction, recalculating the tabular values of specific norms for average annual (average seasonal) operating conditions, the values of hourly heat losses by heat transfer through the heat-insulating structures of pipelines operated by a heat grid organization are determined;
for sections of the heat network that are typical for it by type of gasket and types of insulating structure and subjected to tests for heat losses, the values of actual hourly heat losses obtained during the tests, recalculated for the average annual operating conditions of the heat network, are accepted as normative;
for sections of the heating network similar to those subjected to thermal tests by types of gaskets, types of heat-insulating structures and operating conditions, the values of hourly heat losses determined according to the relevant norms of heat losses (heat flow) with the introduction of correction factors determined by the test results are accepted as normative;
for sections of the heating network that have no analogues among the sections subjected to thermal tests, as well as those put into operation after installation, reconstruction or overhaul with a change in the type or design of the gasket and insulating structure of pipelines, the hourly heat losses determined by thermal engineering calculation are accepted as normative .
The values of normative hourly heat losses in the heat network as a whole under average annual (seasonal) operating conditions are determined by summing up the values of hourly heat losses in individual sections.
11.3.2. The determination of the normative values of hourly heat losses for the average annual (mid-season) operating conditions of pipelines of heat networks is carried out in accordance with the values of the norms of heat losses (heat flow) given in tables , , and to this Instruction, in accordance with the year of designing specific sections of heat networks.
The values of standard specific hourly heat losses under average annual (seasonal) operating conditions that differ from the values given in the relevant tables, kcal/mh, are determined by linear interpolation or extrapolation.
, (15)
Where k And - correction factor for determining the normative hourly heat losses, obtained from the results of tests for heat losses.
11.3.5. Correction factor valuesk And are determined by the formula:
, (16)
where Q from.year.i and Q from.year.n - heat losses determined as a result of tests for heat losses, recalculated for the average annual operating conditions of each tested section of pipelines of the heating network, and losses determined according to the standards for the same sections, Gcal / h.
Maximum coefficient valuesk And should not exceed the values given in Table 5.1 of this Instruction.
11.3.6. The values of heat losses by pipelines of heat networks for the year, Gcal, are determined based on the values of hourly heat losses under average annual (mid-seasonal) operating conditions.
11.4. The determination of standard values of hourly heat losses of steam pipelines for all sections of mains is based on information about the design features of heat pipelines (type of gasket, year of design, outer diameter of pipelines, section length) and norms of heat losses (heat flow) indicated in tables,, and to this Instructions, recalculation of the tabular values of specific norms for the average parameters of the coolant in each section of the pipeline.
To determine the average parameters of the coolant on i-th section of the highway, it is necessary to calculate the final parameters of the coolant i-th section based on the average annual parameters (pressure and temperature) of steam at the heat supply source and the maximum contractual steam consumption for each consumer. Final temperature (t 2 i ) i-th section of the highway is determined by the formula:
, (17)
where is the average annual ambient temperature (outside air - for above-ground laying, soil - for underground), ° С;
t 1 i - steam temperature at the beginning i-th section, °С;
b - coefficient of local heat losses (accepted according to);
R i - total thermal resistance i-th section, (m× h × °C) / kcal, determined in accordance with the guidelines for the compilation of energy characteristics for heat energy transport systems;
G i - steam consumption for i-th section, t/h;
c i - specific isobaric heat capacity of steam at average values of pressure and temperature (the average value of temperature at the 1st iteration is taken equal tot cf. i = t 1 i - 30°C) on i-th section, kcal / (kg× °C).
After calculationt 2 i the specific isobaric heat capacity of steam is specifiedc i (at temperature and medium pressure 
) and the calculation is repeated until the difference is obtained 
, where and are the average annual temperatures at the end of the pipeline at No. and (No.+1) calculations.
Final absolute steam pressure i-th section of the highway is determined by the formula:
, (18)
Where R 1 i - absolute steam pressure at the beginning i-th section, kgf / cm 2;
L i - length i-th section of the steam pipeline, m;
R 1 i - specific linear pressure drop i-th section, kgf / m 2× m;
a i coefficient of local pressure losses i th area.
The specific linear pressure drop in the i-th section is determined by the formula:
, (19)
Where r 1 i vapor density i-th section of the steam pipeline, kg / m 3;
d ext. i - inner diameter of the steam pipeline i-th section, m.
Coefficient of local pressure losses i-th section is determined by the formula:
, (20)
Where Sx i the sum of the coefficients of local resistances on i-th area.
The results of steam parameters calculations are summarized in Table 6.6.
11.4.1. For steam networks in heat supply systems from heating (industrial and heating) boiler houses with an attached heat load (for steam) up to 7 Gcal / h, the expected average steam pressure and temperature can be determined for each steam pipeline as a whole according to the following and:
average steam pressure P cf in the steam pipeline, kgf / cm 2, is determined by the formula:
, ()
Where R n and R k - steam pressure at the beginning of each steam pipeline and at the boundaries of the operational responsibility of the organization by periods of operation n const , h, with relatively constant pressure values, kgf/cm 2 ;
n year - duration of operation of each steam pipeline during the year, h;
k- number of steam pipelines of the steam network, pcs.
average steam temperature, °C, is determined by the formula:
, ()
Where t n and t To - steam temperature at the beginning of each steam pipeline and at the boundaries of the operational responsibility of the organization for periods of operation, °C.
The results of calculating the steam parameters are summarized in table 6.6a.
11.5. The determination of the normative values of hourly heat losses for conditions average for the period of operation of condensate pipelines is carried out in accordance with the values of the norms of heat losses (heat flow) given in tables , , and to this Instruction, in accordance with the year of designing specific sections of heat networks.
The values of normative specific hourly heat losses under conditions averaged over the period of operation, differing from the values given in the relevant tables, kcal/mh, are determined by linear interpolation or extrapolation.
11.6. Losses (costs) of heat energy and coolant arising in process equipment, buildings and structures of heat networks (central heating substations, pumping substations, storage tanks and other heat network facilities) are determined in accordance with the Instructions for organizing work in the Ministry of Energy of Russia on the calculation and justification of standards specific fuel consumption for the supplied electrical and thermal energy from thermal power plants and boiler houses.
12. Determination of standard technological costs of electrical energy for the transmission of thermal energy.
12.1. Normative technological costs of electrical energy are the costs of driving pumping and other equipment administered by an organization that transfers heat energy, taking into account its economic needs (lighting and electric motors of ventilation systems in the premises of pumping stations and central heating centers, power tools, electric welding, electric motors of devices and mechanisms for routine maintenance of equipment).
12.2. Regulatory technological costs of electrical energy are determined for the following pumping and other equipment maintained by the organization that transfers thermal energy:
booster pumps on the supply and return pipelines of heating networks;
mixing pumps in heating networks;
drainage pumps;
charging and discharging pumps for storage tanks located in heating networks;
circulation pumps for heating and hot water supply, as well as feed pumps for the second heating circuit in central heating points;
electric drive of shut-off and control valves;
other electrical equipment as part of thermal grid facilities, intended for the transfer of thermal energy.
12.3. The costs of electrical energy, kWh, are determined separately for each type of pumping equipment with subsequent summation of the obtained values.
The required (required) power, kW, on the pump motor shaft is calculated by the formula:
; (23)
Where G p - estimated flow rate of the coolant pumped by the pump, m 3 / h, taken depending on the purpose of the pump;
H p - head, m, developed by the pump at the calculated flow rate of the coolant;
h n h tr - Efficiency of the pump and transmission, %;
r - density of the heat carrier at its average temperature for each period of operation of the pumping unit, kg/m 3 .
Estimated flow rates of the coolant pumped by the pump are taken in accordance with the calculated hydraulic modes of operation of heat networks. The pressure developed by the pump at each coolant flow rate is determined by the characteristics of a particular pump (passport or obtained as a result of pump tests). Pump efficiency valuesh n are also determined by their characteristics. The transmission efficiency can be accepted as 98%.
Electricity consumption of the pumping unit, kWh, is determined by the formula:
, (23a)
Where n n - duration of operation of the pump in each period, h;
h dv - Efficiency of the electric motor,%.
The efficiency values of electric motors can be determined according to Table 5.2 to this Instruction, taking into account the loading of electric motors.
12.4. If the pumping group consists of pumps of the same type, the coolant flow rate pumped by each pump is determined by dividing the total calculated coolant flow rate by the number of operating pumps.
If the pump group consists of pumps various types or the impellers of the same type of pumps have different diameters, to determine the flow rate of the coolant pumped by each of the pumps, it is necessary to build the resulting characteristic of the jointly (parallel) operating pumps; using this characteristic, determine the flow rate of the coolant attributable to each of the pumps.
12.5. In the case of regulation of the pressure and performance of pumps by changing the speed of rotation of the impellers, the resulting characteristic of pumps operating in parallel is determined by the results of the hydraulic calculation of the heat network. The values of the coolant flow rate for each of the operating pumps and the developed pressure allow you to determine the required speed of the impellers:
, (24)
where H 1 and H 2 are the pressure developed by the pump at a speed of rotation n 1 and n 2, m;
G 1 and G 2 - coolant flow rate at rotational speed n 1 and n 2, m 3 /h;
n 1 and n 2 - frequency of rotation of impellers, min -1.
12.6. The power of the pumping unit, kW, consumed for pumping the coolant by centrifugal pumps, taking into account the rotational speed of the impellers, changed compared to the initial frequency, is determined by and (21a) with the substitution of the corresponding values of the flow rate of the coolant pumped by the pump, developed at this flow rate, efficiency pump, motor efficiency and frequency converter efficiency; the latter - in the denominator of the formula.
12.7. To determine the standard value of the cost of electrical energy for the drive of circulation or booster pumps for hot water supply, the average hourly heat load of hot water supply should be taken for calculation.
12.8. The normative values of the cost of electrical energy for the drive of make-up and circulation heating pumps installed in the heating network operated by the organization that transfers heat energy are determined by the flow rate of the coolant pumped by these pumps, depending on the capacity of the pipelines of the heating circuits of the heating network and heating systems (feed pumps) and heat load of heating at the average outdoor temperature for the heating period (circulation pumps).
12.9. The normative values of the cost of electrical energy for the drive of booster and admixture pumps installed in the heating network operated by the organization that transfers thermal energy are determined by the flow rate of the coolant pumped by these pumps.
12.10. The coolant flow rate and the duration of operation of the pumps for charging and discharging storage tanks located in heating networks operated by an organization that transfers thermal energy are determined by the operating modes of the storage tanks depending on the modes of hot water supply.
12.11. The standard costs of electrical energy for the drive of shut-off and control valves and automatic control and protection means, kWh, are determined depending on the power of the installed electric motors, purpose, duration of operation of the relevant equipment and drive efficiency according to the formula:
, (25)
Where m etc - the number of drives of the same type of electrified equipment;
N etc - power of installed electric drives, kW;
h etc - efficiency of electric drives;
n year pr - duration of operation of electric drives of each type of equipment per year, h;
k- the number of groups of electrical equipment.
12.12. The normative costs of electrical energy in the transmission of thermal energy do not include the costs of electrical energy at heat supply sources.
III. Determination of the norms of technological losses during the transmission of thermal energy using the normative energy characteristics of thermal networks
13. The energy characteristics of the operation of water heating networks of each heat supply system are developed according to the following indicators:
network water losses;
thermal energy losses;
specific average hourly consumption of network water per unit of calculated connected heat load of consumers;
temperature difference of network water in supply and return pipelines (or temperature of network water in return pipelines);
specific electricity consumption per unit of supplied thermal energy from a heat supply source (hereinafter referred to as specific electricity consumption).
14. When developing standards for technological losses in the transmission of thermal energy, technically justified energy characteristics (losses of network water, losses of thermal energy, specific consumption of electricity) are used.
The energy characteristic of the heating network in terms of "loss of network water" establishes the dependence of technically justified losses of the heat carrier for transport and distribution from the source of thermal energy to consumers on the characteristics and mode of operation of the heat supply system. When calculating the standard for technological losses of the heat carrier, the value of the energy characteristic in terms of "loss of network water" is used only in the part of the heat networks that are in the operational responsibility of the heat grid organization.
The energy characteristic of the heating network in terms of "heat losses" establishes the dependence of the technological costs of thermal energy for its transportation and distribution from the source of thermal energy to the boundary of the balance belonging of thermal networks on the temperature regime of operation of thermal networks and external climatic factors for a given scheme and design characteristics of thermal networks.
The hydraulic energy characteristic of the heating network (energy characteristic in terms of "specific electricity consumption") establishes the dependence on the outside temperature during the heating season of the ratio of the normalized hourly average daily consumption electricity for the transport and distribution of thermal energy in thermal networks to the standardized average daily supply of thermal energy from thermal energy sources.
15. An explanatory note is attached to each energy characteristic with a list of required initial data and a brief description of the heat supply system, reflecting the results of the revision (development) of the normative energy characteristic in the form of tables and graphs. Each sheet of regulatory characteristics containing graphical dependencies of indicators is signed by the head of the organization operating heat networks.
The title page provides for the signatures of the officials of the organizations, the period of validity of the energy characteristics and the number of bound sheets.
16. The period of validity of energy characteristics is established depending on the degree of their development and the reliability of the source materials, but does not exceed five years.
An extraordinary revision of the characteristics is carried out in accordance with this Instruction.
17. Revision of energy characteristics (partial or in full) is carried out:
at the expiration of the period of validity of regulatory characteristics;
when changing regulatory and technical documents;
based on the results of an energy audit of heating networks, if deviations from the requirements of regulatory documents are identified.
In addition, the revision of the energy characteristics of heat networks is carried out in connection with the changes in the following operating conditions of the heat network and the heat supply system in excess of the limits indicated below:
in terms of "loss of network water":
when changing the volume of pipelines of heating networks by 5%;
when changing the volume of internal heat consumption systems by 5%;
in terms of "heat loss":
when heat losses change according to the results of the next tests by 5% compared with the results of previous tests;
when changing the material characteristics of heating networks by 5%;
according to the indicators "specific average hourly consumption of network water per unit of connected heat load of consumers" and "temperature difference of network water in supply and return pipelines":
when changing the operating temperature schedule for the supply of thermal energy;
when the total contractual loads change by 5%;
when changing heat losses in heat networks, requiring a revision of the corresponding energy characteristic;
in terms of "specific electricity consumption for transport and distribution of thermal energy":
when changing the number of pumping stations or central heating points (hereinafter referred to as CHPs) in the heat network on the balance sheet of the energy supplying (heating network) organization, if the electric power of pump motors in newly connected or removed from the balance of pumping stations and CHPs has changed by 5% of the total rated electric power; the same applies to a change in the performance (or number) of pumps with a constant number of pumping stations and central heating stations;
when changing the operating temperature schedule for the supply of thermal energy;
when changing the operating conditions of pumping stations and central heating centers (automation, changing the diameters of the impellers of pumping units, changing the flow and pressure of network water), if the total electrical power of the electrical equipment changes by 5%.
When revising the energy performance for one of the indicators, the energy performance is adjusted for other indicators, for which, as a result of this revision, there was a change in the conditions or initial data (if the relationship between the indicators is due to the provisions of the energy performance development methodology).
18. The use of energy performance indicators to calculate the standards for technological losses in the transmission of thermal energy, established for the upcoming regulatory period for water heating networks with an estimated connected heat load of thermal energy consumers of 50 Gcal / h (58 MW) or more, is not allowed if in the upcoming regulated period, it is planned to deviate from the conditions adopted during the development of energy characteristics, more than the limits specified in this Instruction. In this case, the calculation of the standards of technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy is carried out in accordance with this Instruction.
19. Adjustment of indicators of technological losses during the transmission of thermal energy with an estimated connected heat load of 50 Gcal / h (58 MW) and more for the regulation period is carried out by bringing the approved standard energy characteristics to the predicted conditions of the regulation period according to , and - annual losses of network water in heat networks , which are in the operational responsibility of the heat grid organization, in accordance with the energy characteristics, m 3;
Expected total average annual volume of heat networks, m 3 ;
The total average annual volume of heat networks that are in the operational responsibility of the heat grid organization, adopted in the development of energy characteristics, m 3.
21. Calculation of the expected values of the indicator "heat losses" for the period of regulation with planned changes in the material characteristics of the heat networks of the heat network organization, as well as the average annual temperatures of the heat carrier and the environment (outside air or soil when changing the depth of the heat pipelines) for the upcoming period of regulation in sizes not exceeding specified in this Instruction, it is recommended to carry out separately according to the types of heat losses (through heat-insulating structures and with losses of network water). At the same time, the planned heat losses through the heat-insulating structures of pipelines of heat networks are determined separately for above-ground and underground laying.
21.1. The calculation of the average annual heat losses expected for the period of regulation through the heat-insulating structures of heat networks is carried out according to the formulas:
for underground laying sections:
(27)
where - average annual heat losses expected for the period of regulation through insulation in sections of underground laying, Gcal / h;
Normative (in accordance with energy characteristics) average annual heat losses through insulation in sections of underground laying, Gcal/h;- average annual temperatures of network water in the supply and return pipelines, and soil at the average depth of the heat pipelines, adopted in the development of energy characteristics, ° С;
for above-ground laying sections:
(separately for supply and return pipelines)
(28)
where - average annual heat losses expected for the period of regulation through insulation in sections of above-ground laying in total for supply and return pipelines, Gcal / h;
Normative (in accordance with energy characteristics) average annual heat losses through insulation in sections of above-ground laying in total through supply and return pipelines, Gcal/h;
The total material characteristic of sections of heat networks of above-ground laying expected for the period of regulation, m 2;
The total material characteristics of sections of above-ground heating networks at the time of development of the energy characteristics, m 2;
Average annual outdoor air temperature expected for the period of regulation, °C;
The average annual temperature of the outside air, taken in the preparation of energy characteristics, °C.
21.2. The calculation of the average annual heat losses expected for the period of regulation with losses of network water is carried out according to the formula:- the duration of operation of the heating network in a year expected for the period of regulation, hours;
Expected for the regulation period, the average annual temperature of cold water supplied to the heat source for preparation and use as a replenishment of the heating network, °С.
21.3. The total average annual heat losses expected for the regulation period, Gcal/h, are determined by the formula:
(30)
22. Calculation of the values of the indicator "specific electricity consumption" expected for the period of regulation.
With changes in the influencing factors planned for the period of regulation provided for by this Instruction, the expected values of the "specific energy consumption" indicator are determined for each of the characteristic outdoor air temperatures adopted in the development of energy characteristics. In order to simplify the calculations, it is allowed to determine the specific electricity consumption planned for the period of regulation only at an outdoor temperature corresponding to the break point of the approved temperature schedule. In this case, the values of the planned indicator "specific power consumption" at other characteristic outdoor air temperatures are plotted on the standard graph parallel to the line of change of the standard indicator at the same distance corresponding to the distance between the values of the standard and expected specific power consumption at the break point.
The value of the specific electricity consumption planned for the period of regulation at the break point of the temperature graph , , is determined by the formula:
(33)
Where:
The total electric power expected for the regulation period used in the transport and distribution of thermal energy at an outdoor temperature corresponding to a break in the temperature curve, kW.
To calculate the total electric power of all electric motors of pumps for various purposes involved in the transport and distribution of thermal energy, it is recommended to use the formulas given in the current methods for compiling energy characteristics for thermal energy transport systems and determining the standard values of the performance indicators of water heating networks, as well as this Instruction , with the substitution in them of the flow rates planned for the period of regulation and the corresponding pressures of network water, as well as the efficiency of pumps and electric motors.
IV. Structure and composition of documentation for calculations and justification of standards for technological losses in the transmission of heat energy
23. The composition of the documentation on the standards of technological losses during the transfer of heat energy includes:
initial data for the calculation of technological losses standards, compiled according to the model given in this Instruction;
energy characteristics of heat networks for district heating systems with an attached heat load of 50 Gcal/h (58 MW) and more;
the results of energy audits of heat networks, the energy passport of the heat network containing the fuel and energy balance and a list of measures aimed at reducing the cost of energy resources in the transmission of heat energy (energy saving measures, measures to reduce the reserve of thermal efficiency);
actual costs of energy resources for the periods preceding the regulated period, compiled according to the model given in this Instruction;
results of calculations of hydraulic modes of operation of heat supply systems to justify the standard flow rates of heat carriers;
a list of proposals (measures) to improve the energy efficiency of the operation of heat energy transport systems, compiled in accordance with the model given in this Instruction;
plan for the development of normative energy characteristics of thermal networks.
24.1. Documentation on the standards of technological losses during the transmission of heat energy is drawn up in accordance with the requirements of this Instruction and is brochured in separate volumes (books), as a rule, for each district heating system, settlement or in general for the energy supply (heat network) organization. At the same time, the term "centralized heat supply system" in this Instruction means a set of one or more sources of thermal energy, united by a single thermal network, designed to supply consumers with thermal energy, which operates with a certain type of heat carrier (steam-condensate according to the parameters, hot water), hydraulically isolated from other systems, for which a single thermal and material balance is established.
24.2. In a separate, as a rule, the last book (volume) are brochures:
general information about the energy supply (heat network) organization, compiled in accordance with the model given in this Instruction;
general characteristics heat supply systems, drawn up according to the model given in this Instruction;
a general description of the systems of transport and distribution of thermal energy (heat networks), compiled in accordance with the model given in this Instruction;
the results of calculation of the norms of technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy, compiled according to the model given in this Instruction;
dynamics of normalized indicators for the year preceding the base year, for the base year, for the current and regulated years according to the samples given in this Instruction;
actual costs of energy resources for periods preceding the regulated (forecast) period, compiled in accordance with the model given in this Instruction;
a list of proposals (measures) to improve the energy efficiency of thermal energy transport systems, compiled in accordance with the model given in this Instruction.
24.3. Each book (volume) is issued with a title page according to the sample given in this Instruction. The title pages of each book (volume) are signed by the managers (technical managers) of the energy supply organization operating the heat networks of the corresponding heat supply system (settlement).
Project dossier
Explanatory note
Approved
order of the Ministry of Energy
Russian Federation
dated ____________ 2017 N _____
Changes in the procedure for determining the standards for technological losses in the transmission of thermal energy, coolant, approved by order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2008 N 325
1. In the procedure for determining the standards for technological losses in the transmission of thermal energy, coolant, approved by order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of December 30, 2008 N 325 "On approval of the procedure for determining the standards for technological losses in the transmission of thermal energy, coolant" (hereinafter - the Procedure):
2. in paragraph 1:
in the third paragraph, the words "standards of technological losses are distributed in proportion to the amount of thermal energy" shall be replaced by the words "standards of technological losses for them are distributed in proportion to the amount of thermal energy";
in the fourth paragraph, after the words "connection to the networks of a heat supply or heat network organization" add the words "(for example, through ownerless networks)";
3. in paragraph 2:
in the second paragraph, the words "(steam, condensate, water)" shall be replaced by the words "(steam, condensate, chemically treated water, water in closed hot water supply systems (hereinafter referred to as DHW))";
in the third paragraph, the words "(steam, condensate, water)" shall be replaced by the words "(steam, condensate, chemically treated water, water in closed DHW systems)";
4. in paragraph 7:
in the third paragraph, the words "and coolant (chemically treated water), payback periods" shall be replaced by the words "and heat carriers, payback periods";
5. in paragraph 9:
in the second paragraph, the words "(steam, condensate, water)" shall be replaced by the words "(steam, condensate, chemically treated water, water in closed DHW systems)";
6. in clause 10.1:
after the words "Coolant - water" add the words "(chemically treated water, water in closed DHW systems)";
7. in paragraph 10.1.2.:
the fourth paragraph shall be stated in the following wording:
"When calculating the average annual capacity of pipelines newly put into operation, the duration of the use of these pipelines during the heating and non-heating periods should be taken into account (the calculation is carried out similarly to formula 2).";
The fifth paragraph shall be stated in the following wording:
"When calculating the average annual capacity of pipelines formed as a result of the reconstruction of the heat network (changes in the diameters of pipelines and the length of pipelines), one should take into account the period of time during which the sections of the reconstructed pipelines put into operation are involved in the heating and non-heating periods (the calculation is carried out similarly to formula 2)." ;
8. in paragraph 10.1.5.:
add the following paragraph:
"Coolant costs for routine tests - cannot exceed 0.5 times the volume of heat networks on the balance sheet of a heat network organization.";
9. in clause 10.2.
after the words "Coolant - water" add the word "condensate";
10. in paragraph 11.1.:
after the words "coolant - water" add the words "(chemically treated water, water in closed DHW systems).";
11. in paragraph 11.2.:
after the words "coolant - steam" add the word "condensate.";
12. in paragraph 11.4.:
the first paragraph shall be amended as follows:
"The determination of standard values of hourly heat losses of steam pipelines for all sections of mains is carried out on the basis of information about the design features of heat pipelines (type of laying, year of design, outer diameter of pipelines, section length, thickness of the heat-insulating layer (to justify the thickness of the heat-insulating layer, steam pipeline passports should be provided) and enthalpies steam determined by the initial and final parameters of the coolant in each section of the pipeline.";
in the second paragraph, the words "To determine the average parameters of the coolant on i-th section of the main, it is necessary to calculate the final parameters of the coolant of the i-th section" shall be replaced by the words "The determination of the final parameters of the coolant of the i-th section is being carried out";
add the following paragraph to the ninth paragraph:
"When determining the total thermal resistance in the sections that have been tested and similar to those tested, correction factors are used that are obtained from the results of heat loss tests (to correct the value of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the heat-insulating layer). Correction factors for testing steam pipelines should not exceed the limit values given in Table .5.1.";
13. 1. Clause 11.4.1. to read as follows:
“11.4.1. For steam networks in heat supply systems from heating (industrial and heating) boiler houses with an attached heat load (for steam) up to 7 Gcal / h. the expected average steam pressure and temperature can be determined for each steam pipeline as a whole using the formulas (21.1), (21.2) and (22) below:
average steam pressure in the steam pipeline, kgf/cm2, is determined by the formula:
where and - steam pressure at the beginning of each steam pipeline and at the boundaries of the operational responsibility of the organization for periods of operation, hours, with relatively constant pressure values, kgf / cm2;
Duration of operation of each steam pipeline during the year, hours;
k - number of steam pipelines of the steam network, pcs.;
average steam temperature , is determined by the formula:
where and - steam temperature at the beginning of each steam pipeline and at the boundaries of the operational responsibility of the organization for periods of operation, °C.
The results of calculating the steam parameters are summarized in Table 6.6a of Appendix 6.
Hourly heat losses, kcal/h, are determined by summing the heat losses in each section of the mains according to the formula:
, (22)
where - steam consumption in the i-th section, t / h;
Accordingly, the initial and final enthalpies of steam in the i-th section of the pipeline, kcal/kg;
n is the number of plots.»;
2. point 11.6. exclude;
3. Paragraph 12.3 formula (23) shall be stated in the following wording:
E \u003d [(G H ro) / (3600 x 102 this one)] 10000; (23)
dv p p n tr
4. in clause 21.1:
formula (28), as well as explanations of symbols to it, after the words "for sections of above-ground laying: separately for supply and return pipelines" shall be replaced with the text as follows:
where - average annual heat losses expected for the period of regulation through insulation in sections of above-ground laying separately for supply and return pipelines, Gcal / h;
Normative (in accordance with energy characteristics) average annual heat losses through insulation in sections of above-ground laying separately for supply and return pipelines, Gcal/h;
- expected for the period of regulation the material characteristics of sections of heat networks of above-ground laying separately for supply and return pipelines, m2;
- material characteristics of sections of above-ground heating networks at the time of development of the energy characteristics separately for supply and return pipelines, m2;
Average annual outdoor air temperature expected for the regulation period, °C;
The average annual temperature of the outside air, taken in the preparation of energy characteristics, °C;
5. in paragraph 24.1.:
the words "(steam-condensate by parameters, hot water)" shall be replaced by the words "(steam-condensate by parameters, chemically treated water, water in closed DHW systems)".
6. table 1.4. Appendix No. 1 to the Procedure shall be stated as follows:
Table 1.4
Norms of heat losses by insulated condensate pipelines in impassable channels at the design soil temperature tgr = +50С at the depth of the condensate pipelines, designed in the period from 1959 to 1989 inclusive.
| Nominal diameter, mm | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 50 | 70 | 100 | |
| Heat loss, kcal/hm | |||
| 25 | 21 | 27 | 36 |
| 50 | 25 | 33 | 44 |
| 80 | 32 | 41 | 54 |
| 100 | 34 | 45 | 59 |
| 150 | 43 | 55 | 71 |
| 200 | 52 | 67 | 87 |
| 250 | 61 | 77 | 98 |
| 300 | 71 | 88 | 112 |
7. Tables 1.4a, 1.4b, 1.4c of Appendix No. 1 to the procedure for determining the standards for technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy, heat carrier shall be excluded.
8. table 2.4. Appendix No. 2 to the Procedure shall be stated as follows:
Table 2.4
Norms of heat losses by insulated condensate pipelines in impassable channels at the design soil temperature tgr = +50С at the depth of condensate pipelines, designed in the period from 1990 to 1997 inclusive.
| Nominal diameter, mm | Heat carrier temperature, 0С | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 50 | 70 | 100 | |
| Heat loss, kcal/hm | |||
| 25 | 8 | 13 | 19 |
| 50 | 10 | 16 | 24 |
| 80 | 12 | 20 | 29 |
| 100 | 13 | 22 | 32 |
| 150 | 16 | 27 | 39 |
| 200 | 18 | 31 | 46 |
| 250 | 20 | 35 | 51 |
| 300 | 22 | 39 | 57 |
9. table 3.3. Appendix No. 3 to the Procedure shall be stated as follows:
Table 3.3
Norms of heat loss by insulated condensate pipelines in impassable channels at the design soil temperature tgr = +50С at the depth of condensate pipelines, designed in the period from 1998 to 2003 inclusive.
| Nominal diameter, mm | Heat carrier temperature, 0С | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 50 | 70 | 100 | |
| Heat loss, kcal/hm | |||
| 25 | 6 | 10 | 15 |
| 50 | 9 | 14 | 21 |
| 80 | 10 | 16 | 24 |
| 100 | 11 | 19 | 27 |
| 150 | 13 | 23 | 33 |
| 200 | 14 | 26 | 38 |
| 250 | 16 | 28 | 42 |
| 300 | 18 | 33 | 47 |
10. Table 4.4 of Appendix No. 4 to the Procedure shall be stated as follows:
Table 4.4
The norms of heat losses by insulated condensate pipelines in impassable channels at the design soil temperature tgr = +50С at the depth of the condensate pipelines, designed in the period from 2004
| Nominal diameter, mm | Heat carrier temperature, 0С | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 50 | 70 | 100 | |
| Heat loss, kcal/hm | |||
| 25 | 6 | 10 | 15 |
| 50 | 9 | 14 | 21 |
| 80 | 10 | 16 | 24 |
| 100 | 11 | 18 | 27 |
| 150 | 14 | 23 | 33 |
| 200 | 14 | 25 | 38 |
| 250 | 16 | 28 | 42 |
| 300 | 18 | 32 | 47 |
11. in tables 5.3 and 5.4 of Appendix No. 5 to the Order:
a) the words "Heat carrier - water" shall be replaced by the words "Heat carrier - chemically purified water";
b) supplement with the name of the district heating system of the settlement "Heat carrier - water in closed DHW systems (m3)";
12. in the notes to tables 8.1 and 8.2 of Appendix No. 8 to the Procedure and tables 10.1. and 10.2 of Appendix No. 10 to the Procedure, the words “water, steam, condensate” shall be replaced by the words “: chemically treated water, water in closed DHW systems, steam, condensate”;
13. in the table "Dynamics of the main indicators of the operation of heat networks" of Appendix No. 14 to the Procedure in paragraph 1 "Heat carrier" and paragraph 2 "Heat energy", exclude the indicator "water" and add the indicators "chemically treated water" and "water in closed DHW systems" .
Document overview
It is planned to correct the procedure for determining the standards for technological losses during the transfer of heat energy, coolant.
Thus, it is clarified that the standards for technological losses during the transfer of heat energy are developed, including in terms of losses and costs of heat carriers (steam, condensate, chemically treated water, water in closed hot water supply systems).
It is fixed that the costs of the coolant for routine tests cannot exceed 0.5 times the volume of heating networks on the balance sheet of the heating network organization.
The features of determining the total thermal resistance in the areas subjected to tests and similar to those tested are established.
Some calculation formulas and numerical parameters are being revised.
Registration N 25956
In accordance with paragraph 4 of Part 2 of Article 4 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2010 N 190-FZ "On Heat Supply" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2010, N 31, Article 4159) and paragraph 4.2.14.8 of the Regulations on the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 28, 2008 N 400 (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2008, N 22, Art. 2577; N 42, Art. 4825; N 46, Art. 5337; 2009, N 3, Art. 378; No. 6, article 738; No. 33, article 4088; No. 52 (part 2), article 6586; 2010, No. 9, article 960; No. 26, article 3350; No. 31, article 4251; N 47, item 6128; 2011, N 6, item 888; N 14, item 1935; N 44, item 6269; 2012, N 11, item 1293; N 15, item 1779), I order:
Approve attached:
The procedure for determining the standards for fuel reserves at sources of thermal energy (with the exception of sources of thermal energy operating in the mode of combined generation of electric and thermal energy);
changes that are being made to the orders of the Ministry of Energy of Russia dated September 4, 2008 N 66 "On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for the creation of fuel reserves at thermal power plants and boiler houses" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on October 21, 2008, registration N 12560 ), dated December 30, 2008 N 323 "On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for the specific fuel consumption for the supplied electrical and thermal energy from thermal power plants and boiler houses" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on March 16, 2009, registration N 13512) and dated December 30, 2008 N 325 "On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for technological losses in the transmission of heat energy" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on March 16, 2009, registration N 13513) (as amended by the order of the Ministry of Energy of Russia dated February 1, 2010 N 36 "On amendments to the orders of the Ministry of Energy of Russia dated December 30, 2008 N 325 and dated December 30, 2008 N 326" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on February 27, 2010, registration N 16520).
Minister A. Novak
The procedure for determining the standards for fuel reserves at sources of thermal energy (with the exception of sources of thermal energy operating in the mode of combined generation of electric and thermal energy)
I. General provisions
1. This Procedure establishes the rules for calculating the fuel reserve standards for thermal energy sources, with the exception of thermal energy sources operating in the mode of combined generation of electric and thermal energy (hereinafter referred to as boiler houses), and the basic requirements for the regulation of fuel reserves (coal, fuel oil, peat, diesel fuel, heating oil) in the production of thermal energy by organizations, regardless of ownership and organizational and legal forms.
2. The fuel reserve standard at boiler houses is calculated as the stock of the main and reserve fuels (hereinafter - ONCT) and is determined by the sum of the volumes of the irreducible standard fuel reserve (hereinafter - NRCT) and the standard operational fuel reserve (hereinafter - NERT).
3. NNZT is determined for boiler houses in the amount that ensures the maintenance of positive temperatures in the main building, auxiliary buildings and structures in the "survival" mode with the minimum design heat load under the conditions of the coldest month of the year.
4. NNZT at heating boiler houses is determined in the amount calculated in accordance with paragraph 3 of this Procedure, as well as taking into account the need to ensure their operation under unforeseen circumstances when it is impossible to use or exhaust NEZT.
5. The following objects are taken into account in the calculation of NCVT:
objects of socially significant categories of consumers - in the amount of the maximum heat load minus the heat load of hot water supply;
central heating points, pumping stations, own needs of thermal energy sources in the autumn-winter period.
6. NNCT is calculated once every three years, it is recommended that the results of the calculations be drawn up in the form in accordance with Appendix No. 1 to this Procedure.
7. During a three-year period, NNCT is subject to adjustment in cases of changes in the composition of equipment, fuel structure, as well as the load of socially significant categories of consumers of thermal energy that do not have power from other sources.
8. Calculation of NCV is made for boiler houses for each type of fuel separately.
9. NNCT is restored in the approved amount after the elimination of the consequences of emergency situations.
10. For gas-fired boiler houses, NNCT is set according to the reserve fuel.
11. NEZT is necessary for the reliable and stable operation of boiler houses and ensures the planned generation of thermal energy in the event of restrictions on the supply of the main type of fuel.
12. Calculation of NEZT is made annually for each boiler house burning or having solid or liquid fuel (coal, fuel oil, peat, diesel fuel) as a reserve. Calculations are made on October 1 of the planned year.
13. Calculations of NNZT and NEZT are made for boiler houses of electric power industry organizations and heating (industrial and heating) boiler houses of organizations that are not related to electric power industry organizations, in accordance with Section II of this Procedure. In the results of calculations, the values of the standards are presented in tons of natural solid and liquid fuels and are rounded up to tenths of the specified unit of measurement.
14. The determination of standards is carried out on the basis of the following data:
1) data on the actual main and reserve fuel, its characteristics and structure as of October 1 of the last reporting year;
2) methods and time of fuel delivery;
3) data on the storage capacity for solid fuels and the volume of tanks for liquid fuels;
4) indicators of average daily fuel consumption in the coldest estimated time of the year of previous periods;
5) technological scheme and composition of equipment that ensure the operation of boiler houses in the "survival" mode;
6) a list of non-switchable external consumers of thermal energy;
7) the calculated heat load of external consumers (the heat load of boiler houses is not taken into account, which, according to the conditions of heat networks, can be temporarily transferred to other power plants and boiler houses);
8) calculation of the minimum required heat load for the own needs of boiler houses;
9) justification of the accepted coefficients for determining the standards for fuel reserves at boiler houses;
10) the amount of ONRT, broken down into NNCT and NERT, approved for the previous planned year;
11) the actual use of fuel from OHCR with the allocation of NECT for the last reporting year.
The grounds for adjusting fuel reserve standards are changes in the heat generation program or a change in the type of fuel, the implementation of measures for the reconstruction and (or) modernization of heat sources and (or) heat networks, leading to a change in the volume of heat generation (capacity).
16. All results of calculations and substantiation of the accepted coefficients for determining the standards for fuel reserves at boiler houses are recommended to be drawn up in the form of an explanatory note on paper (broken into a separate book) and in electronic form.
Changes being made to the orders of the Ministry of Energy of Russia dated September 4, 2008 N 66 "On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for the creation of fuel reserves at thermal power plants and boiler houses", dated December 30, 2008 N 323 "On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for specific fuel consumption for the supplied electrical and thermal energy from thermal power plants and boiler houses "and of December 30, 2008 N 325" On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for technological losses during the transmission of heat energy."
1. In order of the Ministry of Energy of Russia dated September 4, 2008 N 66 "On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for the creation of fuel at thermal power plants and boiler houses" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on October 21, 2008, registration N 12560) (hereinafter - order):
a) in the name of the order, the words "and boiler houses" should be excluded;
b) in paragraph 1 of the order, the words "and boiler houses" should be deleted;
c) in the Instruction on the organization in the Ministry of Energy of Russia of work on the calculation and justification of the standards for the creation of fuel reserves at thermal power plants and boiler houses (hereinafter referred to as the Instruction):
in the name of the word "and boiler houses" to exclude;
in the text the words "and boiler rooms" shall be excluded;
paragraph 4 shall be deleted;
in clause 8 the word "(boiler room)" shall be deleted;
in paragraph 16 the words "and the boiler room" shall be deleted;
Paragraphs 17 and 18 shall be stated as follows:
"17. Calculations of NNZT and NEZT are made for power plants of electric power industry organizations in accordance with Chapter II of this Instruction. In the results of calculations, the values of the standards are presented in tons of natural solid and liquid fuel and are rounded up to tenths of the indicated unit of measurement.
18. The Ministry of Energy of Russia annually, before June 1, considers the calculations of standards for the creation of fuel reserves submitted for October 1 of the planned year, agreed upon:
for power plants of power industry organizations - by the respective generating companies;
for organizations operating power plants of industries (with the exception of organizations in the electric power industry), - by the executive authorities of the Russian Federation and (or) local governments. ";
in paragraph 19 the words "(boiler rooms)" and "and boiler rooms" shall be deleted;
in paragraph 22 the words "boiler room" shall be deleted;
in paragraph 24 the words "and boiler houses" shall be deleted;
in paragraph 25 the words "or boiler rooms" shall be deleted;
in clause 26 the word "boiler house" shall be deleted;
in paragraphs 29 and 30 the words "or boiler room" shall be deleted;
in clause 30 the words "or boiler installations" shall be deleted;
in clause 31 the words "and (or) boiler houses" shall be deleted;
delete chapter III;
in the numbering headings of Annexes Nos. 1 and 2 to the Instruction, the words "and boiler houses" shall be excluded;
in Annexes No. 1 and 2 to the Instruction, the word "(boiler house)" shall be deleted;
appendix N 3 to the Instruction to exclude.
2. In order of the Ministry of Energy of Russia of September 30, 2008 N 323 "On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for specific fuel consumption for the supplied electrical and thermal energy from thermal power plants and boiler houses" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on March 16, 2009 ., registration N 13512) (hereinafter referred to as the order):
"On approval of the procedure for determining the standards for specific fuel consumption in the production of electrical and thermal energy";
b) in the preamble:
the figures "4.2.2" shall be replaced by the figures "4.2.14.8";
"1. Approve the attached procedure for determining the standards for specific fuel consumption in the production of electrical and thermal energy.";
d) in the Instructions for the organization in the Ministry of Energy of Russia of work on the calculation and justification of the standards for specific fuel consumption for the supplied electrical and thermal energy from thermal power plants and boiler houses, approved by the specified order (hereinafter referred to as the Instruction):
the name shall be stated in the following wording:
"The procedure for determining the standards for specific fuel consumption in the production of electrical and thermal energy";
according to the text:
the word "Instruction" in the corresponding case shall be replaced by the word "order" in the corresponding case;
in paragraph 3, after the words "per gigacalorie (kg of fuel equivalent/Gcal)" add the words "with differentiation by months";
e) in appendices N 1-14 to the Instruction:
in the numbering headings, the words "to the Instructions on the organization in the Ministry of Energy of Russia of work on the calculation and justification of the standards for the specific fuel consumption for the supplied electric and thermal energy from thermal and electric power plants and boiler houses" shall be replaced by the words "to the procedure for determining the standards for the specific fuel consumption in the production of electrical and thermal energy";
3. In order of the Ministry of Energy of Russia of December 30, 2008 N 325 "On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for technological losses in the transmission of heat energy" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on March 16, 2009, registration N 13513) (as amended Order of the Ministry of Energy of Russia of February 1, 2010 N 36 "On Amendments to the Orders of the Ministry of Energy of Russia of December 30, 2008 N 325 and of December 30, 2008 N 326" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on February 27, 2010, registration N 16520) (hereinafter - order):
"On approval of the procedure for determining the standards of technological losses in the transmission of thermal energy, coolant";
b) in the preamble:
the figures "4.2.4" shall be replaced by the figures "4.2.14.8";
the words "(Sobraniye zakonodatelstva Rossiyskoy Federatsii, 2008, N 22, art. 2577; N 42, art. 4825; N 46, art. 5337)" shall be replaced by the words "(Sobraniye zakonodatelstva Rossiyskoy Federatsii, 2008, N 22, art. 2577); 2011, N 44, art. 6269)";
c) clause 1 shall be stated in the following wording:
"1. Approve the attached procedure for determining the standards for technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy, coolant.";
d) in the Instructions for the organization in the Ministry of Energy of Russia of work on the calculation and justification of the standards for technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy, coolant, approved by the specified order (hereinafter referred to as the Instruction):
the name shall be stated in the following wording:
"The procedure for determining the standards of technological losses in the transfer of thermal energy, coolant";
Paragraphs one and two of clause 1 shall be stated as follows:
"1. Standards for technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy, coolant (hereinafter referred to as technological loss standards) are determined for each organization operating heat networks for the transfer of thermal energy, coolant to consumers (hereinafter referred to as a heat network organization). The determination of technological loss standards is carried out by performing calculations of standards for heat network of each heat supply system, regardless of the calculated hourly heat load connected to it.
Standards for technological losses during the transfer of heat energy, heat carrier through heat networks of organizations for which the transfer of heat energy is not the main activity (hereinafter referred to as enterprises), providing services for the transfer of heat energy to third-party consumers connected to the heat networks of the enterprise, are approved in the part related to to third party users. At the same time, technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy for the enterprise's own consumption are excluded from the specified standards.
in the text, the word "Instruction" in the corresponding case shall be replaced by the word "order" in the corresponding case;
in paragraphs 1 and 4-9 the words "when transferring thermal energy" shall be deleted;
in paragraph 11.6, the words "with the Instruction on organizing in the Ministry of Energy of Russia work on the calculation and justification of the standards for specific fuel consumption for the supplied electrical and thermal energy from thermal power plants and boiler houses" shall be replaced by the words "with the procedure for determining the standards for specific fuel consumption in the production of thermal and electrical energy" ;
e) in the numbering headings of Annexes No. 1-14 to the Instruction, the words "to the Instruction on the organization in the Ministry of Energy of Russia of work on the calculation and justification of the standards for technological losses during the transmission of thermal energy" shall be replaced by the words "to the procedure for determining the standards for technological losses during the transmission of thermal energy, coolant" .
MINISTRY OF ENERGY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
ORDER
DEFINITIONS OF STANDARDS FOR TECHNOLOGICAL LOSSES
IN THE TRANSMISSION OF THERMAL ENERGY, HEAT CARRIER, REGULATIONS
SPECIFIC FUEL CONSUMPTION DURING THE PRODUCTION OF HEAT
ENERGY, STANDARDS OF FUEL RESERVES AT HEAT SOURCES
ENERGY (EXCLUDING HEAT ENERGY SOURCES,
FUNCTIONING
, INCLUDING
FOR THE PURPOSES OF STATE PRICE REGULATION
(TARIFFS) IN THE SPHERE OF HEAT SUPPLY
In accordance with paragraph 4 of Part 2 of Article 4 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2010 N 190-FZ "On Heat Supply" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2010, N 31, Article 4159) and paragraph 4.2.14.8 of the Regulations on the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 28, 2008 N 400 (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2008, N 22, Art. 2577; N 42, Art. 4825; N 46, Art. 5337; 2009, N 3, Art. 378; N 6, item 738; N 33, item 4088; N 52 (part II), item 6586; 2010, N 9, item 960; N 26, item 3350; N 31, item I order :
Approve attached:
The procedure for determining the standards for fuel reserves (with the exception of sources in the mode of combined generation of electric and thermal energy);
changes that are being made to the orders of the Ministry of Energy of Russia dated September 4, 2008 N 66 "On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for the creation of fuel reserves at thermal power plants and boiler houses" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on October 21, 2008, registration N 12560 ), dated December 30, 2008 N 323 "On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for the specific fuel consumption for the supplied electrical and thermal energy from thermal power plants and boiler houses" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on March 16, 2009, registration N 13512) and dated December 30, 2008 N 325 "On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for technological losses in the transmission of heat energy" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on March 16, 2009, registration N 13513) (as amended by the order of the Ministry of Energy of Russia dated February 1, 2010 N 36 "On amendments to the orders of the Ministry of Energy of Russia dated December 30, 2008 N 325 and dated December 30, 2008 N 326" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on February 27, 2010, registration N 16520).
Minister
A.V.NOVAK
Approved
order of the Ministry of Energy of Russia
FUEL STANDARD DEFINITIONS AT SOURCES
THERMAL ENERGY (EXCLUDING HEAT SOURCES
ENERGIES FUNCTIONING IN THE MODE OF COMBINED
GENERATION OF ELECTRIC AND HEAT ENERGY)
I. General provisions
1. This Procedure establishes the rules for calculating the fuel reserve standards for thermal energy sources, with the exception of thermal energy sources operating in the mode of combined generation of electric and thermal energy (hereinafter referred to as boiler houses), and the basic requirements for the regulation of fuel reserves (coal, fuel oil, peat, diesel fuel, heating oil) in the production of thermal energy by organizations, regardless of ownership and organizational and legal forms.
2. The fuel reserve standard at boiler houses is calculated as the stock of the main and reserve fuels (hereinafter - ONCT) and is determined by the sum of the volumes of the irreducible standard fuel reserve (hereinafter - NRCT) and the standard operational fuel reserve (hereinafter - NERT).
3. NNZT is determined for boiler houses in the amount that ensures the maintenance of positive temperatures in the main building, auxiliary buildings and structures in the "survival" mode with the minimum design heat load under the conditions of the coldest month of the year.
4. NNZT at heating boiler houses is determined in the amount calculated in accordance with paragraph 3 of this Procedure, as well as taking into account the need to ensure their operation under unforeseen circumstances when it is impossible to use or exhaust NEZT.
5. The following objects are taken into account in the calculation of NCVT:
objects of socially significant categories of consumers - in the amount of the maximum heat load minus the heat load of hot water supply;
central heating points, pumping stations, own needs of thermal energy sources in the autumn-winter period.
6. NNCT is calculated once every three years, it is recommended that the results of the calculations be drawn up in the form in accordance with Appendix No. 1 to this Procedure.
7. During a three-year period, NNCT is subject to adjustment in cases of changes in the composition of equipment, fuel structure, as well as the load of socially significant categories of consumers of thermal energy that do not have power from other sources.
8. Calculation of NCV is made for boiler houses for each type of fuel separately.
9. NNCT is restored in the approved amount after the elimination of the consequences of emergency situations.
10. For gas-fired boiler houses, NNCT is set according to the reserve fuel.
11. NEZT is necessary for the reliable and stable operation of boiler houses and ensures the planned generation of thermal energy in the event of restrictions on the supply of the main type of fuel.
12. Calculation of NEZT is made annually for each boiler house burning or having solid or liquid fuel (coal, fuel oil, peat, diesel fuel) as a reserve. Calculations are made on October 1 of the planned year.
13. Calculations of NNZT and NEZT are made for boiler houses of electric power industry organizations and heating (industrial and heating) boiler houses of organizations that are not related to electric power industry organizations, in accordance with Section II of this Procedure. In the results of calculations, the values of the standards are presented in tons of natural solid and liquid fuels and are rounded up to tenths of the specified unit of measurement.
14. The determination of standards is carried out on the basis of the following data:
1) data on the actual main and reserve fuel, its characteristics and structure as of October 1 of the last reporting year;
2) methods and time of fuel delivery;
3) data on the storage capacity for solid fuels and the volume of tanks for liquid fuels;
4) indicators of average daily fuel consumption in the coldest estimated time of the year of previous periods;
5) technological scheme and composition of equipment that ensure the operation of boiler houses in the "survival" mode;
6) a list of non-switchable external consumers of thermal energy;
7) the estimated heat load of external consumers (the heat load of boiler houses is not taken into account, which, according to the conditions of thermal networks, can be temporarily transferred to other power plants and boiler houses);
8) calculation of the minimum required heat load for the own needs of boiler houses;
9) justification of the accepted coefficients for determining the standards for fuel reserves at boiler houses;
10) the amount of ONRT, broken down into NNCT and NERT, approved for the previous planned year;
11) the actual use of fuel from OHCR with the allocation of NECT for the last reporting year.
The grounds for adjusting fuel reserve standards are changes in the heat generation program or a change in the type of fuel, the implementation of measures for the reconstruction and (or) modernization of heat energy sources and (or) heat networks, leading to a change in the volume of heat generation (capacity).
16. All results of calculations and substantiation of the accepted coefficients for determining the standards for fuel reserves at boiler houses are recommended to be drawn up in the form of an explanatory note on paper (broken into a separate book) and in electronic form.
II. Methodology for performing calculations of standards for creation
fuel reserves for boiler houses
17. Standards for the creation of fuel reserves can be formed:
for the organization as a whole, with the possibility of using fuel reserves, regardless of the territorial location of sources of thermal energy and warehouses for storing fuel;
for separate separate subdivisions (branches) by type of fuel;
for separate divisions (branches), geographically remote from other divisions of the organization.
18. Standards for the creation of fuel reserves for organizations and (or) their separate subdivisions (branches) in areas where fuel delivery is seasonal are subject to separate calculation.
The standard for the creation of fuel reserves for these organizations is determined for the period until the next seasonal fuel supply.
19. Estimated amount of NNCT is determined by the average daily planned fuel consumption of the coldest month of the heating period and the number of days, determined taking into account the type of fuel and the method of its delivery:
, (2.1)
where is the average value of heat energy supply to the heating network (boiler house output) in the coldest month, Gcal/day;
Estimated standard of specific fuel consumption for the supplied thermal energy for the coldest month, tce/Gcal;
K - conversion factor of natural fuel into conditional;
T is the duration of the period of formation of the volume of the irreducible fuel supply, days.
20. The number of days for which the NCV is calculated is determined depending on the type of fuel and the method of its delivery in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1
┌───────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┬───────────────────────┐
│ Fuel type │ Fuel delivery method │ Fuel reserve volume, │
│ │ │ days │
│ 1 │ 2 │ 3 │
├───────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼───────────────────────┤
│ │ rail transport │ 14 │
│ solid │ │ │
│ │ vehicles │ 7 │
├───────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼───────────────────────┤
│ │ rail transport │ 10 │
│ liquid │ │ │
│ │ vehicles │ 5 │
└───────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┴───────────────────────┘
21. To calculate the amount of NEZT, the planned average daily fuel consumption of the three coldest months of the heating period and the number of days are taken:
for solid fuel - 45 days;
for liquid fuel - 30 days.
The calculation is made according to the formula 2.2.
, (2.2)
where - the average value of the supply of thermal energy to the heating network (production by boiler houses) during the three coldest months, Gcal / day;
Estimated standard for the weighted average specific fuel consumption for the supplied heat energy for the three coldest months, tce/Gcal;
T - number of days, days.
22. For organizations operating gas-fired heating (industrial and heating) boiler houses with reserve fuel, the NEZT additionally includes the amount of reserve fuel necessary to replace () gas fuel during periods of reduction in its supply by gas supply organizations.
The value is determined according to the data on the limitation of gas supply by gas supply organizations during the cold weather period established for the current year.
Taking into account the deviations of the actual data on restrictions from those reported by gas supply organizations for the current and two previous years, the value can be increased according to their average value, but not more than 25%.
, (2.3)
where is the number of days during which the gas supply is reduced;
Percentage of daily fuel consumption to be replaced;
Deviation coefficient of actual indicators of gas supply reduction;
The ratio of the calorific value of the reserve fuel and gas.
23. NERT for organizations for which fuel is imported seasonally (before the start of the heating season) is determined by the total planned fuel consumption for the entire heating period for its total duration.
The calculation is made according to the formula 2.4.
, (2.4)
where is the average daily value of the supply of thermal energy to the heating network during the heating period, Gcal/day;
Weighted average standard for specific fuel consumption for the heating period, tce/Gcal;
T - duration of the heating period, days.
NNCT for organizations for which fuel is imported seasonally is not calculated.
24. The main initial data and the results of calculations of the standards for the creation of fuel reserves are recommended to be drawn up in accordance with Appendix No. 1 to this Procedure.
25. For organizations in which the production and transmission of thermal energy are not the main activities, the composition of the ONZT includes:
NNZT, calculated from the total heat load connected to the source;
NEZT, determined by the connected heat load of external consumers of heat energy.
26. Calculations of the standards for the creation of ONZT heating (industrial heating) boiler houses are recommended to be drawn up in the form in accordance with Appendix No. 2 to this Procedure.
Appendix No. 1
to the Order of determination
fuel reserve standards
on thermal energy sources
(excluding sources)
thermal energy, functioning
in cogeneration mode
electrical and thermal energy)
Basic input data and calculation results
creation of a normative minimum reserve of fuel (NNZT)
| View fuel | Average Su- production thermal power Gcal/day | standard specific fuel, Gcal | Medium- daily fuel, | Coefficient translation natural into conditional fuel | Quantity days for reserve | NNRT, thousand tons |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Basic input data and calculation results of creation
normative operating fuel reserve (NEZT)
| View fuel | Average Su- production energy, Gcal/day | standard specific fuel, Gcal | Medium- daily | Coefficient translation natural into conditional fuel | Quantity days for reserve | NERT, thousand tons |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
|
Appendix No. 2
to the Order of determination
fuel reserve standards
on thermal energy sources
(excluding sources)
thermal energy, functioning
in cogeneration mode
electrical and thermal energy)
AGREED
___________________
"__" ___________ 20__
Total standard stock
fuel (ONZT) on the control date of the planned year
heating (industrial and heating) boiler houses
_____________________________________________________
(name of company)
for 20__
Approved
order of the Ministry of Energy of Russia
WHICH ARE INTRODUCED TO THE ORDERS OF THE MINISTRY OF ENERGY OF RUSSIA
ENERGY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION WORK ON THE APPROVAL
STANDARDS FOR CREATING FUEL RESERVES AT THERMAL
"ON THE ORGANIZATION IN THE MINISTRY OF ENERGY OF THE RUSSIAN
FEDERATION OF WORK ON THE APPROVAL OF STANDARDS OF THE SPECIFIC
FUEL CONSUMPTION FOR SUPPLIED ELECTRIC AND HEAT
ENERGY FROM THERMAL POWER STATIONS AND BOILERS"
IN THE MINISTRY OF ENERGY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
WORKS TO APPROVE TECHNOLOGICAL STANDARDS
LOSS IN HEAT TRANSMISSION"
1. In order of the Ministry of Energy of Russia dated September 4, 2008 N 66 "On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for the creation of fuel at thermal power plants and boiler houses" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on October 21, 2008, registration N 12560) (hereinafter - order):
a) in the name of the order, the words "and boiler houses" should be excluded;
b) in paragraph 1 of the order, the words "and boiler houses" should be deleted;
c) in the Instruction on the organization in the Ministry of Energy of Russia of work on the calculation and justification of the standards for the creation of fuel reserves at thermal power plants and boiler houses (hereinafter referred to as the Instruction):
in the name of the word "and boiler houses" to exclude;
in the text the words "and boiler rooms" shall be excluded;
paragraph 4 shall be deleted;
in clause 8 the word "(boiler room)" shall be deleted;
in paragraph 16 the words "and the boiler room" shall be deleted;
Paragraphs 17 and 18 shall be stated as follows:
"17. Calculations of NNZT and NEZT are made for power plants of electric power industry organizations in accordance with Chapter II of this Instruction. In the results of calculations, the values of the standards are presented in tons of natural solid and liquid fuel and are rounded up to tenths of the indicated unit of measurement.
18. The Ministry of Energy of Russia annually, before June 1, considers the calculations of standards for the creation of fuel reserves submitted for October 1 of the planned year, agreed upon:
for power plants of power industry organizations - by the respective generating companies;
for organizations operating power plants of industries (with the exception of organizations in the electric power industry), - by the executive authorities of the Russian Federation and (or) local governments. ";
in paragraph 19 the words "(boiler rooms)" and "and boiler rooms" shall be deleted;
in paragraph 22 the words "boiler room" shall be deleted;
in paragraph 24 the words "and boiler houses" shall be deleted;
in paragraph 25 the words "or boiler rooms" shall be deleted;
in clause 26 the word "boiler house" shall be deleted;
in paragraphs 29 and 30 the words "or boiler room" shall be deleted;
in clause 30 the words "or boiler installations" shall be deleted;
in clause 31 the words "and (or) boiler houses" shall be deleted;
delete chapter III;
in the numbering headings of Annexes Nos. 1 and 2 to the Instruction, the words "and boiler houses" shall be excluded;
in Annexes No. 1 and 2 to the Instruction, the word "(boiler house)" shall be deleted;
appendix N 3 to the Instruction to exclude.
2. In order of the Ministry of Energy of Russia of September 30, 2008 N 323 "On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for specific fuel consumption for the supplied electrical and thermal energy from thermal power plants and boiler houses" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on March 16, 2009 ., registration N 13512) (hereinafter referred to as the order):
"On approval of the procedure for determining the standards for specific fuel consumption in the production of electrical and thermal energy";
b) in the preamble:
the figures "4.2.2" shall be replaced by the figures "4.2.14.8";
"1. Approve the attached procedure for determining the standards for specific fuel consumption in the production of electrical and thermal energy.";
d) in the Instructions for the organization in the Ministry of Energy of Russia of work on the calculation and justification of the standards for specific fuel consumption for the supplied electrical and thermal energy from thermal power plants and boiler houses, approved by the specified order (hereinafter referred to as the Instruction):
the name shall be stated in the following wording:
"The procedure for determining the standards for specific fuel consumption in the production of electrical and thermal energy";
according to the text:
the word "Instruction" in the corresponding case shall be replaced by the word "order" in the corresponding case;
in paragraph 3, after the words "per gigacalorie (kg of fuel equivalent/Gcal)" add the words "with differentiation by months";
e) in appendices N 1 - 14 to the Instruction:
in the numbering headings, the words "to the Instructions on the organization in the Ministry of Energy of Russia of work on the calculation and justification of the standards for the specific fuel consumption for the supplied electric and thermal energy from thermal and electric power plants and boiler houses" shall be replaced by the words "to the procedure for determining the standards for the specific fuel consumption in the production of electrical and thermal energy."
3. In order of the Ministry of Energy of Russia of December 30, 2008 N 325 "On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for technological losses in the transmission of heat energy" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on March 16, 2009, registration N 13513) (as amended Order of the Ministry of Energy of Russia of February 1, 2010 N 36 "On Amendments to the Orders of the Ministry of Energy of Russia of December 30, 2008 N 325 and of December 30, 2008 N 326" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on February 27, 2010, registration N 16520)) (hereinafter - order):
"On approval of the procedure for determining the standards of technological losses in the transmission of thermal energy, coolant";
b) in the preamble:
the figures "4.2.4" shall be replaced by the figures "4.2.14.8";
the words "(Sobraniye zakonodatelstva Rossiyskoy Federatsii, 2008, N 22, art. 2577; N 42, art. 4825; N 46, art. 5337)" shall be replaced by the words "(Sobraniye zakonodatelstva Rossiyskoy Federatsii, 2008, N 22, art. 2577); 2011, N 44, art. 6269)";
c) clause 1 shall be stated in the following wording:
"1. Approve the attached procedure for determining the standards for technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy, coolant.";
d) in the Instructions for the organization in the Ministry of Energy of Russia of work on the calculation and justification of the standards for technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy, coolant, approved by the specified order (hereinafter referred to as the Instruction):
the name shall be stated in the following wording:
"The procedure for determining the standards of technological losses in the transfer of thermal energy, coolant";
Paragraphs one and two of clause 1 shall be stated as follows:
"1. The standards for technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy, coolant (hereinafter referred to as the norms for technological losses) are determined for each organization operating thermal networks for the transfer of thermal energy, coolant to consumers (hereinafter referred to as the heat network organization). Determining the standards for technological losses is carried out by performing calculations of standards for heat network of each heat supply system, regardless of the calculated hourly heat load connected to it.
Standards for technological losses during the transfer of heat energy, heat carrier through heat networks of organizations for which the transfer of heat energy is not the main activity (hereinafter referred to as enterprises), providing services for the transfer of heat energy to third-party consumers connected to the heat networks of the enterprise, are approved in the part related to to third party users. At the same time, technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy for the enterprise's own consumption are excluded from the specified standards.
in the text, the word "Instruction" in the corresponding case shall be replaced by the word "order" in the corresponding case;
in paragraphs 1 and 4 - 9 the words "when transferring thermal energy" shall be deleted;
in paragraph 11.6, the words "with the Instruction on organizing in the Ministry of Energy of Russia work on the calculation and justification of the standards for specific fuel consumption for the supplied electrical and thermal energy from thermal power plants and boiler houses" shall be replaced by the words "with the procedure for determining the standards for specific fuel consumption in the production of thermal and electrical energy" ;
e) in the numbering headings of Annexes No. 1 - 14 to the Instruction, the words "to the Instruction on the organization in the Ministry of Energy of Russia of work on the calculation and justification of the standards for technological losses during the transmission of thermal energy" shall be replaced by the words "to the procedure for determining the standards for technological losses during the transmission of thermal energy, coolant" .
"On the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for technological losses in the transmission of thermal energy"
In accordance with paragraph 4.2.4 of the Regulations on the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 28, 2008 No. 400 (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2008, No. 22, Art. 2577; No. 42, Art. 46, article 5337), I order:
1. Approve the work attached to the organization in the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation on the calculation and justification of the standards for technological losses during the transmission of heat energy.
2. Recognize invalid the order of the Ministry of Industry and Energy of the Russian Federation of October 4, 2005 No. 265 "On the organization in the Ministry of Industry and Energy of the Russian Federation of work on the approval of standards for technological losses in the transmission of thermal energy" (registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on October 19, 2005 No. 7094).
Minister S.I. Shmatko
Registration number 13513
Where V from and V l - capacity of pipelines of heating networks in the heating and non-heating periods, m 3;
n from and n l - the duration of the operation of heating networks in the heating and non-heating periods, h.
When calculating the value of the average annual capacity, it is necessary to take into account: the capacity of pipelines newly put into operation and the duration of use of these pipelines during the calendar year; capacity of pipelines formed as a result of the reconstruction of the heat network (changes in pipe diameters in sections, length of pipelines, configuration of the route of the heat network) and the period of time during which the sections of the reconstructed pipelines put into operation are involved in the calendar year; capacity of pipelines temporarily taken out of use for repair, and the duration of repair work.
When determining the value of the average annual capacity of the heat network in the value of the capacity of pipelines in the non-heating period, the requirement of the rules should be taken into account technical operation on filling the pipelines with deaerated water maintaining an overpressure of at least 0.5 kgf/cm2 at the top points of the pipelines.
The predicted duration of the heating period is taken as an average of the corresponding actual values for the last 5 years or in accordance with building codes and rules for building climatology.
Coolant losses in case of accidents and other violations of the normal operating regime, as well as excess losses, are not included in the normalized leakage.
10.1.3. Heat carrier costs due to the commissioning of heating network pipelines, both new and after scheduled repairs or reconstruction, are accepted in the amount of 1.5 times the capacity of the corresponding heating network pipelines.
10.1.4. The costs of the coolant due to its draining by means of automatic control and protection, providing for such a drain, are determined by the design of these devices and the technology for ensuring the normal functioning of heating networks and equipment.
The values of annual losses of the coolant as a result of draining, m 3, are determined from the formula:
, (3)
Where m- technically justified flow rate of the coolant drained by each of the operating automation or protection devices of the same type, m 3 / h;
N- the number of operating devices of automation or protection of the same type, pcs.;
n year.aut. - the duration of the operation of the same type of devices during the year, h;
k- the number of groups of the same type of operating automation and protection devices.
10.1.5. Coolant costs during scheduled operational testing of heat networks and other routine maintenance include losses of coolant during preparatory work, disconnection of pipeline sections, their emptying and subsequent filling.
The normalization of coolant costs for these purposes is carried out taking into account the frequency of performance tests and other routine maintenance regulated by regulatory documents and the approved operational cost rates for each type of testing and routine maintenance in heat networks for these sections of pipelines.
10.2. Heat carrier - steam.
10.2.1. Normalized steam losses, t, may be determined according to the standards for water heating networks using the formula:
, (4)
Where r P - steam density at medium parameters of the coolant (pressure and temperature) along the steam pipeline, from the heat supply source to the boundaries of operational responsibility, kg / m 3;
V n. year - average annual capacity of steam pipelines operated by a heating network organization, m 3; determined by .
The average parameters of the coolant along the steam pipeline are determined as the weighted average values for the material characteristics of each i-th section of the steam pipeline according to the formulas:
; (5)
, (6)
Where t cf. i and R cf. i - average temperature and absolute pressure of the coolant at i-th section of the steam pipeline, ° С and kgf / cm 2;
M i , SM i - material characteristic i-th section of the steam pipeline and the total material characteristic of the steam pipeline, m 2.
10.2.2. Condensate lossG PC , t, are determined according to the norm for water heating networks using the formula:
, (7)
Where V year - average annual capacity of condensate pipelines, m 3; determined by ;
r To - density of condensate at its average temperature, kg/m 3 .
10.2.3. Heat carrier costs in steam heat networks during scheduled operational testing of heat networks and other routine maintenance include losses of heat carrier during preparatory work, shutdown, emptying of pipeline sections and their subsequent filling, including costs for filling, heating, purging pipelines before commissioning.
The normalization of heat carrier costs for the indicated purposes is carried out taking into account the frequency of performance tests and other routine maintenance regulated by regulatory documents and the approved operational cost standards for each type of work in heat networks.
The plan for conducting operational tests of heat networks and other routine maintenance is approved by the head of the heat grid organization and is included in the materials substantiating the standards.
11. Normative technological losses and costs of thermal energy during its transmission include:
losses and costs of thermal energy due to losses and costs of the coolant;
losses of thermal energy by heat transfer through the insulating structures of heat pipelines and equipment of heat networks.
11.1. Determination of standard technological costs and losses of thermal energy due to losses and costs of the coolant - water.
Where r year - the average annual density of the coolant at an average (taking into account b) temperature of the heat carrier in the supply and return pipelines of the heating network, kg / m 3;
b- the proportion of the mass flow rate of the heat carrier lost by the supply pipeline of the heating network (in the absence of data, it can be taken from 0.5 to 0.75);
t 1 year and t 2 year - average annual values of the temperature of the heat carrier in the supply and return pipelines of the heating network according to the temperature chart for regulating the heat load, °С;
t x year - the average annual value of the temperature of the source water supplied to the source of heat supply and used to feed the heating network, ° С;
With- specific heat capacity of the coolant, kcal/kg °С.
The average annual temperatures of the heat carrier in the supply and return pipelines are calculated as weighted averages of the average monthly values of the temperature of the heat carrier in the corresponding pipeline, taking into account the number of hours of operation in each month. Average monthly temperatures of the heat carrier in the supply and return pipelines are determined according to the operational temperature schedule for the supply of heat energy in accordance with the expected average monthly values of the outdoor air temperature.
The expected average monthly values of the outdoor air temperature are determined as the average of the corresponding statistical values according to the information of the meteorological station for the last 5 years, or in accordance with building codes and rules for building climatology and climatological reference book.
The weighted average values of the coolant temperature in the supplyt 1 year and back t 2 year pipelines of the heating network, °С, can be determined by the formulas:
; (9a)
, (9b)
Where t 1 i and t 2 i - values of the temperature of the heat carrier in the supply and return pipelines of the heating network according to the operational temperature schedule for the supply of heat energy at the average outdoor temperature of the corresponding month, °C.
Average annual temperaturet x year initial water supplied to the source of heat supply to feed the heating network, °C, is determined by a formula similar to formulas (9a) and (9b).
In the absence of reliable information on the temperatures of the source water, it is permissible to taket X. from =5°С, t X. l \u003d 15 ° C.
11.1.2. Regulatory technological costs of thermal energy for filling new sections of pipelines and after scheduled repairs, Gcal, are determined by:
, (10)
Where V tr.z - capacity of filled pipelines of heating networks operated by a heating network organization, m 3;
r zap - density of water used for filling, kg/m 3 ;
t zap - temperature of the water used for filling, °С;
t X - temperature of the source water supplied to the source of thermal energy during the filling period, °С.
11.1.3. Normative technological losses of thermal energy with drains from automatic control and protection devices, Gcal, are determined by the formula:
, ()
where G a.s. - annual losses of the coolant as a result of draining, m 3;
r sl - average annual density of the coolant, depending on the installation location of automatic devices, kg / m 3;
t sl and t X - temperature of the drained coolant and source water supplied to the heat supply source during the drain period, °C.
11.1.4. During the planned performance tests and other routine maintenance, the costs of thermal energy with this component of the coolant costs must be determined using formulas similar to .
11.2. Determination of standard technological costs and losses of thermal energy due to losses and costs of the coolant - steam.
11.2.1. Regulatory losses of thermal energy due to steam losses, Gcal, are determined by the formula:
, ()
Where i n and i X - steam enthalpy at average values of pressure and temperature along individual lines at the source of heat supply and at the boundary of operational responsibility, as well as source water, kcal / kg.
11.2.2. Regulatory losses of thermal energy due to condensate losses, Gcal, are determined by the formula:
, ()
Where t cond and t X - average values of temperature of condensate and source water for the period of operation of steam networks at the source of heat supply, °С.
11.2.3. Losses of thermal energy associated with performance testing of steam pipelines and condensate pipelines and (or) other routine maintenance, including heating, purging of steam pipelines are determined by formulas similar to and.
11.3. Determination of normative technological losses of thermal energy by heat transfer through heat-insulating structures of pipelines of water heating networks.
11.3.1. The determination of standard technological losses of thermal energy by heat transfer through heat-insulating structures of pipelines is based on the values of hourly heat losses under average annual operating conditions of heat networks.
In some cases, it becomes necessary to determine average seasonal values instead of average annual values of specific hourly heat losses, for example, when networks operate only during the heating period in the absence of hot water supply or with independent heating networks for hot water supply, hot water supply in an open circuit through one pipe (without circulation) . In this case, the temperature conditions are determined as weighted average for the period by analogy with the algorithm given in this Instruction.
The determination of the normative values of hourly losses of thermal energy is carried out in the following order:
for all sections of heat networks, based on information about the design features of heat pipelines (type of laying, year of design, outer diameter of pipelines, section length) and the norms of heat losses (heat flow) indicated in tables,, and to this Instruction, recalculating the tabular values of specific norms for average annual (average seasonal) operating conditions, the values of hourly heat losses by heat transfer through the heat-insulating structures of pipelines operated by a heat grid organization are determined;
for sections of the heat network that are typical for it by type of gasket and types of insulating structure and subjected to tests for heat losses, the values of actual hourly heat losses obtained during the tests, recalculated for the average annual operating conditions of the heat network, are accepted as normative;
for sections of the heating network similar to those subjected to thermal tests by types of gaskets, types of heat-insulating structures and operating conditions, the values of hourly heat losses determined according to the relevant norms of heat losses (heat flow) with the introduction of correction factors determined by the test results are accepted as normative;
for sections of the heating network that have no analogues among the sections subjected to thermal tests, as well as those put into operation after installation, reconstruction or overhaul with a change in the type or design of the gasket and insulating structure of pipelines, the hourly heat losses determined by thermal engineering calculation are accepted as normative .
The values of normative hourly heat losses in the heat network as a whole under average annual (seasonal) operating conditions are determined by summing up the values of hourly heat losses in individual sections.
11.3.2. The determination of the normative values of hourly heat losses for the average annual (mid-season) operating conditions of pipelines of heat networks is carried out in accordance with the values of the norms of heat losses (heat flow) given in tables , , and to this Instruction, in accordance with the year of designing specific sections of heat networks.
The values of standard specific hourly heat losses under average annual (seasonal) operating conditions that differ from the values given in the relevant tables, kcal/mh, are determined by linear interpolation or extrapolation.
, (15)
Where k And - correction factor for determining the normative hourly heat losses, obtained from the results of tests for heat losses.
11.3.5. Correction factor valuesk And are determined by the formula:
, (16)
where Q from.year.i and Q from.year.n - heat losses determined as a result of tests for heat losses, recalculated for the average annual operating conditions of each tested section of pipelines of the heating network, and losses determined according to the standards for the same sections, Gcal / h.
Maximum coefficient valuesk And should not exceed the values given in Table 5.1 of this Instruction.
11.3.6. The values of heat losses by pipelines of heat networks for the year, Gcal, are determined based on the values of hourly heat losses under average annual (mid-seasonal) operating conditions.
11.4. The determination of standard values of hourly heat losses of steam pipelines for all sections of mains is based on information about the design features of heat pipelines (type of gasket, year of design, outer diameter of pipelines, section length) and norms of heat losses (heat flow) indicated in tables,, and to this Instructions, recalculation of the tabular values of specific norms for the average parameters of the coolant in each section of the pipeline.
To determine the average parameters of the coolant on i-th section of the highway, it is necessary to calculate the final parameters of the coolant i-th section based on the average annual parameters (pressure and temperature) of steam at the heat supply source and the maximum contractual steam consumption for each consumer. Final temperature (t 2 i ) i
, (17)
where is the average annual ambient temperature (outside air - for above-ground laying, soil - for underground), ° С;
t 1 i - steam temperature at the beginning i-th section, °С;
b - coefficient of local heat losses (accepted according to);
R i - total thermal resistance i-th section, (m× h × °C) / kcal, determined in accordance with the guidelines for the compilation of energy characteristics for heat energy transport systems;
G i - steam consumption for i-th section, t/h;
c i - specific isobaric heat capacity of steam at average values of pressure and temperature (the average value of temperature at the 1st iteration is taken equal tot cf. i = t 1 i - 30°C) on i-th section, kcal / (kg× °C).
After calculationt 2 i the specific isobaric heat capacity of steam is specifiedc i (at temperature and medium pressure 
) and the calculation is repeated until the difference is obtained 
, where and are the average annual temperatures at the end of the pipeline at No. and (No.+1) calculations.
Final absolute steam pressure i-th section of the highway is determined by the formula:
, (18)
Where R 1 i - absolute steam pressure at the beginning i-th section, kgf / cm 2;
L i - length i-th section of the steam pipeline, m;
R 1 i - specific linear pressure drop i-th section, kgf / m 2× m;
a i coefficient of local pressure losses i th area.
The specific linear pressure drop in the i-th section is determined by the formula:
, (19)
Where r 1 i vapor density i-th section of the steam pipeline, kg / m 3;
d ext. i - inner diameter of the steam pipeline i-th section, m.
Coefficient of local pressure losses i-th section is determined by the formula:
, (20)
Where Sx i the sum of the coefficients of local resistances on i-th area.
The results of steam parameters calculations are summarized in Table 6.6.
11.4.1. For steam networks in heat supply systems from heating (industrial and heating) boiler houses with an attached heat load (for steam) up to 7 Gcal / h, the expected average steam pressure and temperature can be determined for each steam pipeline as a whole according to the following and:
average steam pressure P cf in the steam pipeline, kgf / cm 2, is determined by the formula:
, ()
Where R n and R k - steam pressure at the beginning of each steam pipeline and at the boundaries of the operational responsibility of the organization by periods of operation n const , h, with relatively constant pressure values, kgf/cm 2 ;
n year - duration of operation of each steam pipeline during the year, h;
k- number of steam pipelines of the steam network, pcs.
average steam temperature, °C, is determined by the formula:
, ()
Where t n and t To - steam temperature at the beginning of each steam pipeline and at the boundaries of the operational responsibility of the organization for periods of operation, °C.
The results of calculating the steam parameters are summarized in table 6.6a.
11.5. The determination of the normative values of hourly heat losses for conditions average for the period of operation of condensate pipelines is carried out in accordance with the values of the norms of heat losses (heat flow) given in tables , , and to this Instruction, in accordance with the year of designing specific sections of heat networks.
The values of normative specific hourly heat losses under conditions averaged over the period of operation, differing from the values given in the relevant tables, kcal/mh, are determined by linear interpolation or extrapolation.
11.6. Losses (costs) of heat energy and coolant arising in process equipment, buildings and structures of heat networks (central heating substations, pumping substations, storage tanks and other heat network facilities) are determined in accordance with the Instructions for organizing work in the Ministry of Energy of Russia on the calculation and justification of standards specific fuel consumption for the supplied electrical and thermal energy from thermal power plants and boiler houses.
12. Determination of standard technological costs of electrical energy for the transmission of thermal energy.
12.1. Normative technological costs of electrical energy are the costs of driving pumping and other equipment administered by an organization that transfers heat energy, taking into account its economic needs (lighting and electric motors of ventilation systems in the premises of pumping stations and central heating centers, power tools, electric welding, electric motors of devices and mechanisms for routine maintenance of equipment).
12.2. Regulatory technological costs of electrical energy are determined for the following pumping and other equipment maintained by the organization that transfers thermal energy:
booster pumps on the supply and return pipelines of heating networks;
mixing pumps in heating networks;
drainage pumps;
charging and discharging pumps for storage tanks located in heating networks;
circulation pumps for heating and hot water supply, as well as feed pumps for the second heating circuit in central heating points;
electric drive of shut-off and control valves;
other electrical equipment as part of thermal grid facilities, intended for the transfer of thermal energy.
12.3. The costs of electrical energy, kWh, are determined separately for each type of pumping equipment with subsequent summation of the obtained values.
The required (required) power, kW, on the pump motor shaft is calculated by the formula:
; (23)
Where G p - estimated flow rate of the coolant pumped by the pump, m 3 / h, taken depending on the purpose of the pump;
H p - head, m, developed by the pump at the calculated flow rate of the coolant;
h n h tr - Efficiency of the pump and transmission, %;
r - density of the heat carrier at its average temperature for each period of operation of the pumping unit, kg/m 3 .
Estimated flow rates of the coolant pumped by the pump are taken in accordance with the calculated hydraulic modes of operation of heat networks. The pressure developed by the pump at each coolant flow rate is determined by the characteristics of a particular pump (passport or obtained as a result of pump tests). Pump efficiency valuesh n are also determined by their characteristics. The transmission efficiency can be accepted as 98%.
Electricity consumption of the pumping unit, kWh, is determined by the formula:
, (23a)
Where n n - duration of operation of the pump in each period, h;
h dv - Efficiency of the electric motor,%.
The efficiency values of electric motors can be determined according to Table 5.2 to this Instruction, taking into account the loading of electric motors.
12.4. If the pumping group consists of pumps of the same type, the coolant flow rate pumped by each pump is determined by dividing the total calculated coolant flow rate by the number of operating pumps.
If the pumping group consists of pumps of different types or the impellers of the same type of pumps have different diameters, to determine the flow rate of the coolant pumped by each of the pumps, it is necessary to build the resulting characteristic of the jointly (parallel) operating pumps; using this characteristic, determine the flow rate of the coolant attributable to each of the pumps.
12.5. In the case of regulation of the pressure and performance of pumps by changing the speed of rotation of the impellers, the resulting characteristic of pumps operating in parallel is determined by the results of the hydraulic calculation of the heat network. The values of the coolant flow rate for each of the operating pumps and the developed pressure allow you to determine the required speed of the impellers:
, (24)
where H 1 and H 2 are the pressure developed by the pump at a speed of rotation n 1 and n 2, m;
G 1 and G 2 - coolant flow rate at rotational speed n 1 and n 2, m 3 /h;
n 1 and n 2 - frequency of rotation of impellers, min -1.
12.6. The power of the pumping unit, kW, consumed for pumping the coolant by centrifugal pumps, taking into account the rotational speed of the impellers, changed compared to the initial frequency, is determined by and (21a) with the substitution of the corresponding values of the flow rate of the coolant pumped by the pump, developed at this flow rate, efficiency pump, motor efficiency and frequency converter efficiency; the latter - in the denominator of the formula.
12.7. To determine the standard value of the cost of electrical energy for the drive of circulation or booster pumps for hot water supply, the average hourly heat load of hot water supply should be taken for calculation.
12.8. The normative values of the cost of electrical energy for the drive of make-up and circulation heating pumps installed in the heating network operated by the organization that transfers heat energy are determined by the flow rate of the coolant pumped by these pumps, depending on the capacity of the pipelines of the heating circuits of the heating network and heating systems (feed pumps) and heat load of heating at the average outdoor temperature for the heating period (circulation pumps).
12.9. The normative values of the cost of electrical energy for the drive of booster and admixture pumps installed in the heating network operated by the organization that transfers thermal energy are determined by the flow rate of the coolant pumped by these pumps.
12.10. The coolant flow rate and the duration of operation of the pumps for charging and discharging storage tanks located in heating networks operated by an organization that transfers thermal energy are determined by the operating modes of the storage tanks depending on the modes of hot water supply.
12.11. The standard costs of electrical energy for the drive of shut-off and control valves and automatic control and protection means, kWh, are determined depending on the power of the installed electric motors, purpose, duration of operation of the relevant equipment and drive efficiency according to the formula:
, (25)
Where m etc - the number of drives of the same type of electrified equipment;
N etc - power of installed electric drives, kW;
h etc - efficiency of electric drives;
n year pr - duration of operation of electric drives of each type of equipment per year, h;
k- the number of groups of electrical equipment.
12.12. The normative costs of electrical energy in the transmission of thermal energy do not include the costs of electrical energy at heat supply sources.
III. Determination of the norms of technological losses during the transmission of thermal energy using the normative energy characteristics of thermal networks
13. The energy characteristics of the operation of water heating networks of each heat supply system are developed according to the following indicators:
network water losses;
thermal energy losses;
specific average hourly consumption of network water per unit of calculated connected heat load of consumers;
temperature difference of network water in supply and return pipelines (or temperature of network water in return pipelines);
specific electricity consumption per unit of supplied thermal energy from a heat supply source (hereinafter referred to as specific electricity consumption).
14. When developing standards for technological losses in the transmission of thermal energy, technically justified energy characteristics (losses of network water, losses of thermal energy, specific consumption of electricity) are used.
The energy characteristic of the heating network in terms of "loss of network water" establishes the dependence of technically justified losses of the heat carrier for transport and distribution from the source of thermal energy to consumers on the characteristics and mode of operation of the heat supply system. When calculating the standard for technological losses of the heat carrier, the value of the energy characteristic in terms of "loss of network water" is used only in the part of the heat networks that are in the operational responsibility of the heat grid organization.
The energy characteristic of the heating network in terms of "heat losses" establishes the dependence of the technological costs of thermal energy for its transportation and distribution from the source of thermal energy to the boundary of the balance belonging of thermal networks on the temperature regime of operation of thermal networks and external climatic factors for a given scheme and design characteristics of thermal networks.
The hydraulic energy characteristic of the heating network (energy characteristic in terms of "specific electricity consumption") establishes the dependence on the outside temperature during the heating season of the ratio of the normalized hourly average daily electricity consumption for transport and distribution of thermal energy in thermal networks to the normalized average daily supply of thermal energy from heat sources energy.
15. An explanatory note is attached to each energy characteristic with a list of required initial data and a brief description of the heat supply system, reflecting the results of the revision (development) of the normative energy characteristic in the form of tables and graphs. Each sheet of regulatory characteristics containing graphical dependencies of indicators is signed by the head of the organization operating heat networks.
The title page provides for the signatures of the officials of the organizations, the period of validity of the energy characteristics and the number of bound sheets.
16. The period of validity of energy characteristics is established depending on the degree of their development and the reliability of the source materials, but does not exceed five years.
An extraordinary revision of the characteristics is carried out in accordance with this Instruction.
17. Revision of energy characteristics (partial or in full) is carried out:
at the expiration of the period of validity of regulatory characteristics;
when changing regulatory and technical documents;
based on the results of an energy audit of heating networks, if deviations from the requirements of regulatory documents are identified.
In addition, the revision of the energy characteristics of heat networks is carried out in connection with the changes in the following operating conditions of the heat network and the heat supply system in excess of the limits indicated below:
in terms of "loss of network water":
when changing the volume of pipelines of heating networks by 5%;
when changing the volume of internal heat consumption systems by 5%;
in terms of "heat loss":
when heat losses change according to the results of the next tests by 5% compared with the results of previous tests;
when changing the material characteristics of heating networks by 5%;
according to the indicators "specific average hourly consumption of network water per unit of connected heat load of consumers" and "temperature difference of network water in supply and return pipelines":
when changing the operating temperature schedule for the supply of thermal energy;
when the total contractual loads change by 5%;
when changing heat losses in heat networks, requiring a revision of the corresponding energy characteristic;
in terms of "specific electricity consumption for transport and distribution of thermal energy":
when changing the number of pumping stations or central heating points (hereinafter referred to as CHPs) in the heat network on the balance sheet of the energy supplying (heating network) organization, if the electric power of pump motors in newly connected or removed from the balance of pumping stations and CHPs has changed by 5% of the total rated electric power; the same applies to a change in the performance (or number) of pumps with a constant number of pumping stations and central heating stations;
when changing the operating temperature schedule for the supply of thermal energy;
when changing the operating conditions of pumping stations and central heating centers (automation, changing the diameters of the impellers of pumping units, changing the flow and pressure of network water), if the total electrical power of the electrical equipment changes by 5%.
When revising the energy performance for one of the indicators, the energy performance is adjusted for other indicators, for which, as a result of this revision, there was a change in the conditions or initial data (if the relationship between the indicators is due to the provisions of the energy performance development methodology).
18. The use of energy performance indicators to calculate the standards for technological losses in the transmission of thermal energy, established for the upcoming regulatory period for water heating networks with an estimated connected heat load of thermal energy consumers of 50 Gcal / h (58 MW) or more, is not allowed if in the upcoming regulated period, it is planned to deviate from the conditions adopted during the development of energy characteristics, more than the limits specified in this Instruction. In this case, the calculation of the standards of technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy is carried out in accordance with this Instruction.
19. Adjustment of indicators of technological losses during the transmission of thermal energy with an estimated connected heat load of 50 Gcal / h (58 MW) and more for the regulation period is carried out by bringing the approved standard energy characteristics to the predicted conditions of the regulation period according to , and - annual losses of network water in heat networks , which are in the operational responsibility of the heat grid organization, in accordance with the energy characteristics, m 3;
Expected total average annual volume of heat networks, m 3 ;
The total average annual volume of heat networks that are in the operational responsibility of the heat grid organization, adopted in the development of energy characteristics, m 3.
21. Calculation of the expected values of the indicator "heat losses" for the period of regulation with planned changes in the material characteristics of the heat networks of the heat network organization, as well as the average annual temperatures of the heat carrier and the environment (outside air or soil when changing the depth of the heat pipelines) for the upcoming period of regulation in sizes not exceeding specified in this Instruction, it is recommended to carry out separately according to the types of heat losses (through heat-insulating structures and with losses of network water). At the same time, the planned heat losses through the heat-insulating structures of pipelines of heat networks are determined separately for above-ground and underground laying.
21.1. The calculation of the average annual heat losses expected for the period of regulation through the heat-insulating structures of heat networks is carried out according to the formulas:
for underground laying sections:
(27)
where - average annual heat losses expected for the period of regulation through insulation in sections of underground laying, Gcal / h;
Normative (in accordance with energy characteristics) average annual heat losses through insulation in sections of underground laying, Gcal/h;- average annual temperatures of network water in the supply and return pipelines, and soil at the average depth of the heat pipelines, adopted in the development of energy characteristics, ° С;
for above-ground laying sections:
(separately for supply and return pipelines)
(28)
where - average annual heat losses expected for the period of regulation through insulation in sections of above-ground laying in total for supply and return pipelines, Gcal / h;
Normative (in accordance with energy characteristics) average annual heat losses through insulation in sections of above-ground laying in total through supply and return pipelines, Gcal/h;
The total material characteristic of sections of heat networks of above-ground laying expected for the period of regulation, m 2;
The total material characteristics of sections of above-ground heating networks at the time of development of the energy characteristics, m 2;
Average annual outdoor air temperature expected for the period of regulation, °C;
The average annual temperature of the outside air, taken in the preparation of energy characteristics, °C.
21.2. The calculation of the average annual heat losses expected for the period of regulation with losses of network water is carried out according to the formula:- the duration of operation of the heating network in a year expected for the period of regulation, hours;
Expected for the regulation period, the average annual temperature of cold water supplied to the heat source for preparation and use as a replenishment of the heating network, °С.
21.3. The total average annual heat losses expected for the regulation period, Gcal/h, are determined by the formula:
(30)
22. Calculation of the values of the indicator "specific electricity consumption" expected for the period of regulation.
With changes in the influencing factors planned for the period of regulation provided for by this Instruction, the expected values of the "specific energy consumption" indicator are determined for each of the characteristic outdoor air temperatures adopted in the development of energy characteristics. In order to simplify the calculations, it is allowed to determine the specific electricity consumption planned for the period of regulation only at an outdoor temperature corresponding to the break point of the approved temperature schedule. In this case, the values of the planned indicator "specific power consumption" at other characteristic outdoor temperatures are built on the standard chart parallel to the line of change normative indicator at the same distance, corresponding to the distance between the values of the standard and expected specific electricity consumption at the break point.
The value of the specific electricity consumption planned for the period of regulation at the break point of the temperature graph , , is determined by the formula:
(33)
Where:
The total electric power expected for the regulation period used in the transport and distribution of thermal energy at an outdoor temperature corresponding to a break in the temperature curve, kW.
To calculate the total electric power of all electric motors of pumps for various purposes involved in the transport and distribution of thermal energy, it is recommended to use the formulas given in the current methods for compiling energy characteristics for thermal energy transport systems and determining the standard values of the performance indicators of water heating networks, as well as this Instruction , with the substitution in them of the flow rates planned for the period of regulation and the corresponding pressures of network water, as well as the efficiency of pumps and electric motors.
IV. Structure and composition of documentation for calculations and justification of standards for technological losses in the transmission of heat energy
23. The composition of the documentation on the standards of technological losses during the transfer of heat energy includes:
initial data for the calculation of technological losses standards, compiled according to the model given in this Instruction;
energy characteristics of heat networks for district heating systems with an attached heat load of 50 Gcal/h (58 MW) and more;
the results of energy audits of heat networks, the energy passport of the heat network containing the fuel and energy balance and a list of measures aimed at reducing the cost of energy resources in the transmission of heat energy (energy saving measures, measures to reduce the reserve of thermal efficiency);
actual costs of energy resources for the periods preceding the regulated period, compiled according to the model given in this Instruction;
results of calculations of hydraulic modes of operation of heat supply systems to justify the standard flow rates of heat carriers;
a list of proposals (measures) to improve the energy efficiency of the operation of heat energy transport systems, compiled in accordance with the model given in this Instruction;
plan for the development of normative energy characteristics of thermal networks.
24.1. Documentation on the standards of technological losses during the transmission of heat energy is drawn up in accordance with the requirements of this Instruction and is brochured in separate volumes (books), as a rule, for each district heating system, settlement or in general for the energy supply (heat network) organization. At the same time, the term "district heating system" in this Instruction means a set of one or more sources of thermal energy, united by a single thermal network, designed to supply consumers with thermal energy, which operates with a certain type of heat carrier (steam-condensate in terms of parameters, hot water), hydraulically isolated from other systems, for which a single thermal and material balance is established.
24.2. In a separate, as a rule, the last book (volume) are brochures:
general information about the energy supply (heat network) organization, compiled in accordance with the model given in this Instruction;
general characteristics of heat supply systems, compiled according to the model given in this Instruction;
a general description of the systems of transport and distribution of thermal energy (heat networks), compiled in accordance with the model given in this Instruction;
the results of calculation of the norms of technological losses during the transfer of thermal energy, compiled according to the model given in this Instruction;
dynamics of normalized indicators for the year preceding the base year, for the base year, for the current and regulated years according to the samples given in this Instruction;
actual costs of energy resources for periods preceding the regulated (forecast) period, compiled in accordance with the model given in this Instruction;
a list of proposals (measures) to improve the energy efficiency of thermal energy transport systems, compiled in accordance with the model given in this Instruction.
24.3. Each book (volume) is issued with a title page according to the sample given in this Instruction. The title pages of each book (volume) are signed by the managers (technical managers) of the energy supply organization operating the heat networks of the corresponding heat supply system (settlement).
