Energy resources. Free solar energy will be able to provide warm water for household needs at least 6-7 months a year. And in the remaining months - also help the heating system.

But most importantly, a simple solar collector (unlike, for example, from) can be made independently. To do this, you will need materials and tools that can be bought at most hardware stores. In some cases, even what is found in an ordinary garage will be enough.

The solar heater assembly technology presented below was used in the project "Turn on the sun - live comfortably". It was developed specifically for the project by a German company Solar Partner Sued, which is professionally engaged in the sale, installation and service of solar collectors and photovoltaic systems.

The main idea is that everything should turn out cheap and cheerful. For the manufacture of the collector, fairly simple and common materials are used, but its efficiency is quite acceptable. It is lower than that of factory models, but the difference in price fully compensates for this shortcoming.

The sun's rays pass through the glass and heat up the collector, while the glazing prevents heat from escaping. The glass also impedes the movement of air in the absorber; without it, the collector would quickly lose heat due to wind, rain, snow or low outside temperatures.

The frame should be treated with an antiseptic and paint for outdoor use.

Through holes are made in the housing for supplying cold and removing heated liquid from the collector.

The absorber itself is painted with a heat-resistant coating. Conventional black paints at high temperatures begin to peel off or evaporate, which leads to darkening of the glass. The paint must be completely dry before you set the glass cover (to prevent condensation).

A heater is laid under the absorber. The most commonly used mineral wool. The main thing is that he endure enough high temperatures during the summer (sometimes over 200 degrees).

From below, the frame is covered with OSB boards, plywood, boards, etc. The main requirement for this stage is to make sure that the bottom of the collector is reliably protected from moisture getting inside.

To fix the glass in the frame, grooves are made, or strips are attached to the inside of the frame. When calculating the dimensions of the frame, it should be taken into account that when the weather (temperature, humidity) changes during the year, its configuration will change slightly. Therefore, a few millimeters of margin are left on each side of the frame.

A rubber window seal (D- or E-shaped) is attached to the groove or bar. Glass is placed on it, on which a sealant is applied in the same way. From above, all this is fixed with galvanized tin. Thus, the glass is securely fixed in the frame, the seal protects the absorber from cold and moisture, and the glass will not be damaged when the wooden frame "breathes".

The joints between the sheets of glass are insulated with sealant or silicone.

To organize solar heating at home, you need a storage tank. The water heated by the collector is stored here, so you should take care of its thermal insulation.

As a tank you can use:

• non-working electric boilers
• various gas cylinders
• barrels for food use

The main thing to remember is that pressure will be created in a sealed tank depending on the pressure of the plumbing system to which it will be connected. Not every container is able to withstand a pressure of several atmospheres.

Holes are made in the tank for the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger, input cold water, and heated fence.

The tank houses a spiral heat exchanger. For it, copper, stainless steel or plastic are used. The water heated through the heat exchanger will rise up, so it should be placed at the bottom of the tank.

The collector is connected to the tank using pipes (for example, metal-plastic or plastic) drawn from the collector to the tank through the heat exchanger and back to the collector. Here it is very important to prevent heat leakage: the path from the tank to the consumer must be as short as possible, and the pipes must be very well insulated.

The expansion tank is a very important element of the system. It is an open reservoir located at the highest point of the fluid circulation circuit. For the expansion tank, you can use both metal and plastic containers. With its help, the pressure in the manifold is controlled (due to the fact that the liquid expands from heating, pipes can crack). To reduce heat loss, the tank must also be insulated. If air is present in the system, it can also exit through the tank. Through the expansion tank, the collector is also filled with liquid.

It is one of the most common. More than others, open parts of the body are at risk. Least, . And yet, many people ignore it.

To show how It is important to protect your skin from the sun, a team of scientists conducted an experiment involving 57 men and women, during which they asked to apply sunscreen on their faces, without providing any additional information or instructions.

Photographers took pictures of each participant with a UV-sensitive camera before and after application to see protected areas (black areas). A specially designed program then segmented and analyzed the images to find out how thoroughly each person applied the cream.

On average, they missed 9.5% of the face. The most common location was the area between the inner corner of the eye and the bridge of the nose, known as medial cantal region (77%) and eyelids (13.5%).

Scientists warn that the areas around the eyes and nose are especially vulnerable.

A May study by the British Association of Dermatologists found that 8 out of 10 Britons don't put on sunscreen at all before going outside.

How to protect your skin from the sun by 100%?

• Apply carefully.
• Remember to reapply sunscreen after a certain amount of time.
• Wear protective clothing, hats.
• Wear good quality sunglasses.
• Be in the shade during the hottest time from 11:00 to 15:00.

Will the sun be your ally or turn into your worst enemy, depends on you. However, it is still worth preparing for a meeting with him. let's consider the benefits and harms of sunlight.

solar benefits

The sun is the most important source for our body. This vitamin is involved in metabolism, strengthens the immune system, maintains normal blood pressure and even slows down the growth of malignant cells. Without enough of it, serious problems can begin.

Sun damage

And yet, sunbathing in large quantities for an unprepared body can be very harmful. First of all, these are the sad consequences in the form of burns, skin pigmentation, premature wrinkles. Further worse - a regular excess of ultraviolet radiation is fraught with the development (malignant skin tumor) and some other types of tumors.

Consider both factors, because they are absolutely proven and objective, and go out into the sun with an adequate and sufficient degree of protection for your skin. Then there will be only benefit from the heavenly body. They will help you prepare special means protection from the sun - such today for every taste and skin color.

sun protection factor

All special sunscreens have this abbreviation - In short, the presence of this abbreviation means that this product belongs to the class of sunscreens, and the number indicates the amount of time that a person can be in the sun. The higher the number, the higher the protection factor and the longer the time spent in the sun. For example, if the skin begins to redden 15 minutes after exposure to the sun, then a product with SPF 10 will allow you to stay in the sun 10 times more - 150 minutes or 1.5 hours.

Everything is very individual!

However, someone burns instantly, while someone feels great under the scorching rays and quickly acquires a chocolate tan. So choose sunscreen you need, guided by your own skin type, as well as a specific situation.

All people are divided into 6 main phototypes. Here, under the phototype understand the reaction of the skin to. Be sure to “calculate” your personal phototype and take it into account when choosing such cosmetics.

• I type - Celtic. The skin is soft, white, very sensitive. Hair is blond or red. The eyes are blue or green. Direct tanning is contraindicated for the “Celts”, and if you need to go out into direct sunlight, then the remedy should be chosen with the highest level of protection - SPF 50.
• II type - Aryan or Nordic. The skin of the "true" Aryans is light, the eyes are blue, green, gray, the hair is light. They also burn easily, so sun exposure should be limited to 5-10 minutes, and the product should have protection from SPF 30 to 50.
• III type - dark European. In our latitudes, such people, by the way, are more common than others. The skin is light or slightly dark. Hair is dark brown. The eyes are brown or grey. They can burn, but in general, if they tan gradually, increasing the time in the sun over and over again, they get a fairly even and beautiful tan. They should buy two creams: starting the process, apply a cream with a more intense protection factor (SPF 30), and after a little tanning, switch to a cream with SPF 15.
• Type IV - Mediterranean or South European. These are swarthy people, usually with brown eyes and dark, often even with black hair. They sunbathe without problems and almost never burn. A product with a low protection factor - SPF 10-15 is quite suitable for them.
• Type V - Indonesian or Middle Eastern. These representatives of the East have dark brown skin, black eyes and hair. They may need such a tool only if a person has not been in the sun for a long time and then the degree of protection here is minimal - up to SPF 10.
• VI type - African American. Skin is chocolate. Eyes and hair are black. It's even ridiculous to talk about any means of sun protection here. Unless you can limit yourself to a moisturizer.

And, of course, consider the situation. For example, if you are in the city, then even very white-skinned people will need to apply a cream with SPF 20-15 to go over business, but if you are going to the South, where you plan to sunbathe on the beach, then stock up on more serious protection - at least from SPF 30 and above.

How to apply

Daily cream, Foundation, powder - all of these care products may contain SPF. It's important to know that sunscreen is applied to the face in a dense layer- then they protect. From this point of view, it is still recommended to limit yourself to a day cream, since it is undesirable to apply a dense layer of tonal and powder on top of a day cream in the heat - after all, the skin not only needs to be protected from the sun, but also to breathe. Therefore, leave this heavy artillery only for exceptional cases. And apply sunscreen in the same way as any daytime - 5-10 minutes before applying makeup and 20-30 minutes before going outside.

But on the beach, such a cream should be applied every couple of hours and always after every swim, even if the manufacturer promises that the sunscreen is water resistant.

Here I remember one old idea"with beard". Not my idea, but one time; many, many years ago, I used it. It will not be a secret for anyone that in the summer the convex parts of our body and face quickly sunbathe and burn. At the same time, the nose, as the most "outstanding", the first one "grabs" the sun's rays and then turns red, flakes and itches a lot. Eat different ways spout protection; these are leaves from trees, and pieces of napkins, and ointment creams ... I suggest using a corner from a used shampoo bottle.
There is also beauty here - bottles different colors- flight of your imagination!!!

A small master class, and - voila!

Cut out from the side like this:

At the very beginning I use a clerical knife, later - ordinary scissors.
Then we adjust the result to the size of the nose and the width of the bridge of the nose on the frame of the glasses. We cut off the corners so that it does not prick when worn.
Our nose is protected!

And one more thing: remember New Year's mask- Glasses with a nose and mustache. So - you can make this with your own hands!

In the summer version, I still propose to cut out the lower part so that the spout breathes and does not sweat.

There is one moment - how to fix it on the frame, so that it does not press or prick the bridge of the nose.
I think that the most convenient would be to use a piece of tape. It is transparent and sticks well to plastic.

I made an incision in the plastic, but I realized that it was prickly and uncomfortable - I would glue it with tape.

"Creating" a visor for the nose, I was visited by an idea, one more, maybe it will seem stupid to someone, but!

Imagine a carnival where a mask is an indispensable attribute.

In Venice, at carnivals, masks are sometimes very original.

In the conceived model of the mask, where such a nose can come in handy, with the help of your imagination, jewelry, rhinestones, feathers, I'm sure you will get a unique mask!

I think a forgotten idea might come in handy. But even if not, it will bring back memories to someone ...

A special series for a healthy and beautiful summer!

What do you need to go to the beach? Only a towel, beach "suit" and sunscreen - you answer and you will be right. True, even these, so simple and so ordinary, things are now objects of high technology. Don't believe? Read on!

Difficult beach slippers

Photo besportier.com

If you are "Masha the confused" in life, but part with jewelry even if you can’t go to the beach, then beach slippers with a metal detector are just what you need. This shoe detects metal using frequency detection technology and a copper coil that acts as a battery-powered receiver that is attached to the calf region. Now all you need to do if an earring slipped out of your ear and fell into the sand is to take a leisurely walk around your beach location. When the right slipper determines the location of the “burial” of the jewelry, the red light will flash, and you will feel a slight vibration. By the way, the depth at which you may be looking for is quite impressive - more than 60 centimeters. So, if vacationers have already trampled a ring-earring nearby deep into the sand, this is not a problem for miracle slippers. From one battery the metal detector works up to 9 hours. The sole is made of polyurethane and is non-slip. Both women's and men's models are available.
And if you hit the beach in Reef Stash sandals, you won't need an extra purse or wallet. In this shoe (in a special secret pocket between the insole and the sole) you can hide cash, plastic cards or hotel room keys.

Yelpie beach safe

Photo yelpie.co.za

This mini-safe with dimensions of 14.5×36×14.5 cm, weighing 1.2 kg, will keep car and apartment keys, wallet, money, mobile phone, a small camera, a media player and lots of other stuff while you take air or sea "baths". Ha! After all, you can simply take such a baby with you - you say. No matter how! If an intruder tries to steal Yelpie, the built-in motion sensor will activate a 90 dB alarm! In a word - it will be heard far away. Moreover, activation occurs 2 seconds after the sensor is triggered, which eliminates a false alarm in the event of an accidental fall of the safe, and if an unfortunate thief puts Yelpie in place, the signal will automatically turn off. By the way, in order to open the safe, you do not have to carry a key with you - just remember the digital code that is entered on a durable, water-resistant keyboard. With Yelpie, you can safely leave your things on the shore and go swimming with peace of mind.

High tech in…towels

Photo iblog.net.ua

You can dry with a towel after water procedures, use instead of a beach mat and even wrap around instead of a pareo. But this is not all the possibilities of modern towels. There are some that will warn you about excessive exposure to the sun by changing their color. And those that with a slight movement of the hand will turn into a beach bag. Some unique towels can be easily tied with a convenient fastener (now it will definitely not fall off you). There are towels with centimeter markings along the edge - you can dry yourself with them or measure your chest-waist-hips. There is also a towel made in the form of a large tablet. All you need to do is soak it in a little water. And a heavy-duty and soft towel is at your service. It is useful even on pebble beaches with a multi-colored towel - on the one hand it is white, and on the other it has a “ornament” of sand. Now they definitely won’t “hang” it while you are swimming - well, who can covet such a dirty thing!

Reliable protection both in water and on land

Photo buysafesea.com

Safe Sea sun protection lotion will not only protect against ultraviolet radiation, but will also prevent painful burns of jellyfish and other stinging inhabitants of the sea.

The water-repellent, due to its smooth texture, makes it difficult to attach tentacles to human skin, and absorbs a secret from the surface of the skin that lets the jellyfish (or other sea creatures) know that it has come into contact with a predator or prey.

Indicator bracelet

Photo dailygrommet.com

On the beach, time flies by. Of course, we all know that every 2 hours and after swimming, you need to renew your sunscreen. But don't set the alarm, really! We are on vacation, not on drill! The UVSunSense UV Monitoring Wristbands will change color (from white to purple) to remind you when it's time to reapply sunscreen or move into the shade. For the bracelet to work, you just need to apply sunscreen on the body, apply it to the bracelet.

Miracle Umbrella

Photo sun-uv-protection-products.com

The UV-brella/sun protection umbrella is not just another device in the beach industry. You can take this large beach umbrella with you, and it will practically not take up space in your beach bag, because this wonderful gadget folds up to a size slightly larger than an ordinary mobile phone. And the weight is not particularly different: made of lightweight aluminum and fiberglass materials, it is light as a feather. And the fabric with a double layer of reflective silver coating plus has a UV protection factor of 50+ and blocks 99.9% of alpha and beta rays. If, however, the miracle umbrella still does not fit in the purse, it can be attached to the belt using the fastener bracket.

Stay with your nose

Photo nozkon.com

The NozKon.com™ brand proposes to abandon disposable paper or made from a leaf of a nearby growing tree, protective "panamas" for the nose. Protect the environment! And so that after a beach pastime the nose does not burn, you can use reusable fabric pads that are attached to sunglasses with a special strap. Now you can enjoy the sun and water for as long as you want and stay with your nose intact after that.

4-in-1 glasses

Photo gadgetforgeek.com.ua

The 4-in-1 EY-51130 goggles are more than just regular sun protection. They shoot video with a 1.3 megapixel camera at 25 frames per second, take pictures with the same camera at 1280×968 photo resolution, and play music with the built-in MP3 player. All information is stored in the built-in memory of 4 Gb, which can be increased up to 12 Gb using SD cards. The battery life of the gadget is 4-6 hours.
And similar VCS-8G glasses from the Japanese company ATOS are equipped with 8 GB of internal memory and support MicroSD memory cards up to 4 GB, they can record video in VGA format thanks to a 1.3MP camera. The camera's built-in battery is charged via USB.

Have a good rest!

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