When is Kurban Bayram celebrated. Eid al-Adha - the main holiday of Muslims
Kurban Bayram is the main and most recognizable event in the Islamic calendar, to which non-Muslims have an ambiguous attitude. Let's try to figure out what its meaning is, in which countries, how and on what date Eid al-Adha is celebrated, what religious or historical roots it has.
History of Eid al-Adha
According to the Qur'an, an angel appeared to Prophet Ibrahim in a dream with instructions from Allah to sacrifice his son Ismail. Ibrahim did not dare to disobey and, together with the heir, went to the Mina valley (later the city of Mecca was erected there), where he planned to make a sacrifice. But in last moment As he brought the knife to the child's throat, the blade miraculously blunted. It turned out that in this way Allah tested the faith of Ibrahim. The prophet passed the test with dignity, and as a sacrifice to the Almighty, a lamb was brought, which suddenly appeared at the scene. Ismail later became the progenitor of the Arabs.
In memory of these events, Muslims annually celebrate Eid al-Adha. An obligatory part of the festival is the sacrificial slaughter of an animal (usually a ram), which causes mass protests against holding the holiday in non-Muslim countries.
Interesting! The same story is told in the Old Testament of the Bible. There acting characters are Abraham and his son Isaac.
How to translate the name of the holiday
Eid al-Adha is the name used in the post-Soviet territory. The first part of "Kurban" has a broad meaning in Islam and means everything that brings a person closer to Allah. The word "bayram" of common Turkic origin is translated as "holiday". In the Arab world, the name Eid al-Adha is used, which literally translates as "the holiday of the sacrifice."
This holiday is not complete without sacrifice and prayer in the mosque, and you cannot eat before going to it.
What date is Eid al-Adha
The feast of the sacrifice of Eid al-Adha, which is called Eid al-Adha, is usually celebrated on the tenth day of the twelfth month of the Zul Hij calendar ( muslim calendar) and arrange events for several days.
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Since not all Muslims are allowed to make the hajj to Mecca, the completion of the festival must be performed according to established traditions at the location of the believer at the moment when the holiday comes to an end.
Eid al-Adha starts on the following dates:
2017 - September 1-4;
2018 - August 21-24;
2019 - August 11-14;
2020 - July 30, 31, August 1.2.
There is evidence that the retribution for a love spell is inherited in the form of a family curse.
The whole family of the customer suffers up to the seventh generation.
Enchantment is a terrible thing.
In fact, this is damage that cripples the victim, his health and his whole life in general.
You will not envy the one who went to this black villainy - the consequences of a love spell for the customer will be terrible.
- The consequences of a love spell
Throughout the day, a Muslim is obliged to pray and spiritually cleanse himself, not forgetting about self-improvement and self-determination of himself as a person.
Definition of magical abilities
Choose the description that best suits you and find out what hidden magical abilities you have.
Pronounced telepathy - you can read and transmit thoughts at a distance, but it takes a lot of work to achieve your goal and believe in your hidden abilities.
Remember that the absence of a mentor and control of abilities will turn good into harm and no one knows how destructive the consequences of the devilish influence can be.
All signs of clairvoyance. With certain efforts and the support of higher powers, one can develop the gift of recognizing the future and seeing the past.
If the forces are not controlled by a mentor who can help to cope with them, breaks in temporary space are possible and evil will begin to seep into our world, gradually absorbing it with dark energy.
Be careful with your gift.
By all indications - a medium. We are talking about the ability to connect with spirits and even control the passage of time, but it takes years of practice and the right mentor.
If the balance of power is disturbed, then darkness will begin to absorb the remnants of goodness and strength that could serve for good, I will move into another hypostasis and darkness will reign.
By all indications - witchcraft. It is feasible for you to study and induce damage, the evil eye, you can do love spells and divination will not be an impossible task.
But everything must be used exclusively for good and done so that others do not suffer in their innocence from your superpowers, bestowed from above.
For development internal forces requires at least 5 years of practice and the right mentor.
Most of all you have telekinesis. With the right concentration and effort, which can be compressed into a spherical force, you will be able to move small, and over time, larger objects with the power of thought.
By choosing a mentor who has more power, you have a bright future that can be darkened by going to the dark side if there is not enough strength to keep yourself from the temptations of Satan.
You are a healer. Practical magic, conspiracies, spells and everything connected with this is not just words, but your life choice and power, which is given by the higher mind and this is not just like that, but for a sacred purpose that you will soon learn.
It will be like a vision, like a prophetic dream, which you will never be able to forget.
Remember that this power must be used only for good, otherwise darkness will swallow you up and this will be the beginning of the end.
Fasting before Kurban Bayram takes place on the following dates:
2017 - from May 27 to June 25;
2018 - from May 17 to June 16;
2019 - from May 7 to June 5;
2020 - from April 25 to May 24.
Eid al-Adha what kind of holiday is Jewish or Tatar
It is obligatory to put on new clothes and use incense.
By tradition, at the end of summer, Muslims around the world celebrate one of the two most important Islamic holidays - Eid al-Adha or Eid al-Adha. The holiday is associated with an event that is fundamental to all Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam) - a sacrifice made Prophet Ibrahim(Old Testament Abraham). In memory of this event, it is customary for Muslims to perform hajj(pilgrimage) to Mecca, and participate in ritual sacrifice.
When is Eid al-Adha in 2019
The date of Eid al-Adha is floating, it depends on the Islamic lunar calendar Hijra, with the help of which the time of the onset of religious holidays is calculated. Eid al-Adha is celebrated 70 days after Eid al-Fitr. In 2019 Eid al-Adha celebrated for five days from Sunday evening, August 11 to Thursday evening, August 15.
history of the holiday
Eid al-Adha is dedicated to the memory of the miraculous salvation of the son of the Old Testament prophet Ibrahim (Abraham). Ibrahim had to sacrifice his eldest son Ismail thus proving obedience to God's will. Allah conveyed his cruel demand to Ibrahim through the archangel Jabrayil (Gabriel). According to Islam, the archangel appeared to the prophet in a dream and demanded that Ismail be sacrificed. Not daring to disobey, Ibrahim was ready to fulfill the demand and kill his own son. Allah, satisfied with the willingness of the prophet to follow the higher will, saved Ismail at the last moment: the sacrificial knife became dull, and the young man was replaced by a sacrificial animal. Hence the tradition on Eid al-Adha to perform the ritual of sacrificing rams, or other clean, from the point of view of Islam, animals (cows, camels, etc.).
The difference between the Islamic and Jewish versions of the legend
According to the sacred books, in the story of sacrifice and miraculous salvation, we are talking about the eldest son of Ibrahim (Abraham). Muslims believe that it was the progenitor of the Arabs Ismail - the son of Ibrahim from a concubine Hajar (Hagari).
In Judaism, the eldest son of Abraham is considered to be his "legitimate" son. Isaac, born to a 90-year-old progenitor of the Jews Sarah (Sarah). There are other differences between the Jewish and Muslim versions of this story.
Eid al-Adha and Hajj
Eid al-Adha is associated with the most important rite that every devout Muslim seeks to perform at least once in his life. This hajj(pilgrimage) to the holy city of Mecca in Saudi Arabia for all followers of Islam.
According to the ideas of Muslims, the prophet Ibrahim and his miraculously saved son Ismail created the main shrines of Mecca and laid the tradition of the Hajj. The main shrine, which, according to legend, was created by Ibrahim and Ismail, is the Kaaba, which is a huge cube located in the courtyard of the Masjid al-Haram mosque in Mecca.
On the Day of Arafat (Day of Arafat) - the eve of the Eid al-Adha holiday - the participants of the Hajj ascend Mount Arafat. This is the most important moment of the Hajj, after which the climax comes: the feast of the sacrifice of Eid al-Adha. During the holiday, believers participating in the Hajj perform ritual stoning of the devil and circle the Kaaba seven times.
How Eid al-Adha is celebrated in Russia
Eid al-Adha is an extremely popular holiday in Russia. The first day of the holiday is an official holiday in Russian regions with a significant Muslim population. These are Adygea, Bashkiria, Dagestan, Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia, Crimea, Tatarstan and Chechnya.
In regions where many Muslims live, and in almost all major cities, hundreds of thousands of followers of Islam on the first morning of the holiday, wearing best clothes, come to the main mosques. Having made a collective prayer, people go to places where it is allowed to ritually slaughter sacrificial animals.
Even in non-Muslim regions, the holiday brings significant changes to the everyday course of life. At enterprises and construction sites where many immigrants from Muslim countries work, as a rule, a day off is declared. Employers, regardless of their religious beliefs, try to show respect for the traditions of the holiday, which is considered interfaith. Employees are paid bonuses, employers try to take part in joint meals, etc.
The holiday is widely celebrated in the main mosques and, on Eid al-Adha in the morning during a common prayer, transport restrictions are even introduced. How this holiday will be held in the two capitals, follow the reports Federal News Agency.
animal sacrifice
The custom of ritually slaughtering a “clean” sacrificial animal on Eid al-Adha still exists, although this tradition is often condemned and criticized. As a rule, rams are used for the ceremony, which are chosen very carefully. Only young, healthy and - importantly - beautiful animals are suitable for the ritual, which must also meet other criteria.
A ram is sacrificed on behalf of oneself, on behalf of one's family, on behalf of a group of people - it depends on the wealth of the one who participates in the ceremony. It is desirable for a believer to perform the ceremony on their own, but it can be entrusted to another person, and not necessarily a Muslim, the main thing is that everything should be according to the rules.
Before the slaughter, the sacrificial animal must be thrown to the ground - with its head towards Mecca. The carcass is divided into three parts: a third - into festive table, a third - to the poor from the community, and another third are distributed as alms.
In Russian cities, the authorities are trying to prevent this ceremony from being performed in cities; for this, special closed areas are set aside in the countryside. However, violations of the ban, mainly in the area of hostels, where people from Muslim countries or regions live.
Everything you need to know about the main holiday in the Islamic religion.
What is Eid al-Adha and when is it celebrated?
Eid al-Adha is considered the main holiday of all Muslims. This is a holiday of joy and love for Allah. Also this holiday is one of the most famous in the world.
Muslims celebrate Kurban Bayram 70 days after another important holiday - Uraza Bayram - on the tenth day of the month of Zul-Hijjah in memory of the sacrifice of the prophet Ibrahim. In 2017, the celebration of this day falls on September 1.
How did the tradition of celebrating Eid al-Adha come about?
According to the Koran, many centuries ago, the Almighty sent a test to the prophet Ibrahim: he had to sacrifice his own son named Ismail. The Prophet agreed with the will of the Almighty, but instead of his son he sacrificed a ram. Thus, Ibrahim passed the test. Since then, this holiday has been celebrated. When Eid al-Adha comes, many rituals are performed that symbolize gratitude to the Almighty. In particular, on a holiday it is customary to go and meet guests, treat them with delicious dishes and help people. At this time, people visit the graves of their relatives and loved ones, pray for them and distribute treats.
What does "Eid al-Adha" mean?
The phrase "Eid al-Adha" means "holiday of the sacrifice." The first part of the word "Kurban" comes from the Arabic ("sacrifice"), the second part is the common Turkic word Bayram ("holiday"). As a religious term, it means sacrificing an animal at a certain time with the intention of worship in order to draw closer to Allah with the heart.
How is Eid al-Adha celebrated?
Muslims begin to fast ten days before the holiday. They start celebrating Eid al-Adha in the early morning. Believers perform ablution, put on new clothes. After that, in the mosque, they perform the morning prayer, which is called namaz. According to tradition, the mullah delivers a sermon, after which Muslims go to the cemetery, where they remember their dead loved ones.
Of course, the culmination of the holiday is the sacrifice of a ram. The ritual should be performed exclusively by an adult and wealthy Muslim who has undeniable authority. Mostly sheep are sacrificed, but in some regions goats, bulls, and camels are used. It is forbidden to sacrifice a sick, injured or weak animal. The meat is divided into three parts, one of which is left for the family, another is given to relatives and neighbors, and the third is distributed to the poor.
The holiday is usually celebrated for several days. It is customary to cook mainly traditional dishes from animal meat. On the first day, these are treats from the heart and liver, on the second day - soup from a lamb's head and legs. On the third and fourth days, it is customary to cook soup, fried ribs or pilaf, manti, lagman or beshbarmak. Muslims also put sweets, homemade bread, cakes, pies and biscuits on the festive table.
How do people relax on Eid al-Adha?
Eid al-Adha is considered a non-working holiday in Tatarstan, Chechnya, Dagestan, Bashkortostan, Crimea, Adygea, Kabardino-Balkaria. In 2014, for the first time, the command of the military units of the Russian Armed Forces granted Muslim military personnel a special day off to visit a mosque. The exception is military personnel who are on combat duty or on guard. IN different countries When Eid al-Adha arrives, millions of believers around the world gather in mosques. It is celebrated 70 days after Eid al-Fitr. The fast of Ramadan is completed by such holidays as Eid al-Adha and Eid al-Adha. The date on which the holiday falls depends on the lunar calendar.
The day has come the greatest holiday of all Muslims - the Feast of the Sacrifice or Eid al-Adha. We celebrate this day in memory of the selflessness of our spiritual forefather Hazrat Ibrahim, may peace be with him, who, at the command of the Almighty God, expressed his readiness to immediately sacrifice his firstborn son Ismail.
The Holy Quran says this about it:
(Hazrat Ibrahim asked Allah Almighty to give him a son, and Allah answered his request).
“And We gladdened him [with news] about [the birth] of a meek boy (Ismael)” (37:101).
(Hazrat Ibrahim with his firstborn son, when he matured, went to the mountain to offer sacrifice to the Lord).
“When [Ismail] reached the age at which he could show zeal [and work together] with him (with his father), [his father] said [to him]:“ O my son! Indeed, I see in a dream that I am slaughtering you [as a sacrifice], and see what you think? He said [to his father Ismail]: “O my father, do what you are commanded! You will find me, if Allah wills, of those who are patient.” (37:102)
(Hazrat Ibrahim (A) set out to fulfill the command of Allah to sacrifice his first-born son, not yet knowing that this command was sent down to him only to test the firmness of faith).
“When they both submitted [to the will] of Allah and [Ibrahim] laid his forehead [on the ground], and [then] We called to him:“ O Ibrahim! After all, you justified the vision [your own and fulfilled what was commanded to you]." Verily, We reward those who do good! Truly, this is a clear test. And We redeemed him with a great sacrifice" (37:103-107).
(Instead of the first-born Ismail, an animal is sacrificed, entangled with horns in the nearest bush, sent down as a sign from the Lord. In memory of this event, Muslims on the day of Eid al-Adha sacrifice cows, rams and even camels, and the meat of sacrificial animals goes to feed the poor ).
In the verses of the Holy Quran, the attention is drawn to the 105th verse of the surah "As-Saffat" ("Lined up in a row"), which says:
“Verily, We reward those who do good!”
This is very important point Revelation, the understanding of which opens the way for sincere believers to realize their own happiness even in times of trial. Below we will return to a more detailed consideration of this issue.
Indeed, Almighty Allah refused to accept a human sacrifice, demonstrating that this phenomenon has no place in the religion of Monotheism. This is also a demonstration of the peaceful nature of the religion of Islam: from the very beginning, the Almighty Himself clearly showed that He does not need us to send other people to sacrifice for the sake of the ideals of religion. He did not want this from His sinless prophet, what can we say about us, ordinary sinners ... The Almighty does not need anything, including the lives of His creatures, who are already in His power, but must continue to live for the sake of fulfillment divine plans on earth, and not to part with the life bestowed from above without any meaning. The same, by the way, applies to animal sacrifice, which was canceled human sacrifice. This ritual action is performed not because Allah needs the blood of sacrificial rams, but because the Almighty creates a precedent for us, allowing us to remember the disasters of those in need and help them in their needs. The meat of sacrificial animals is used for its intended purpose - it is eaten by the poor so that everyone has the opportunity to share the joy happy holiday. And slaughtering cattle in any case is necessary. Human nutrition should be balanced in terms of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, so vegetarianism in pure form for us - not useful, and sometimes it can even be dangerous. Eating healthy meat is a natural process, therefore, nothing but condescending irony on the part of Muslims can cause the remarks of modern Islamophobes about the alleged "barbaric acts" that are taking place on Eid al-Adha on the streets of European cities. After all, meat - out of necessity - is used by everyone, however, the greatest Muslim holiday is also a day of triumph of humanism, mercy, compassion and human solidarity.
So, returning to the question of the “reward for the virtuous”, which the Almighty gave to Hazrat Ibrahim and his son - what is it? If we adhere to a superficial interpretation (for his steadfastness in the faith, Hazrat Ibrahim was spared the need to sacrifice his firstborn), we will fall into inevitable error. If so, then it turns out that the abolition of human sacrifice by the Almighty was made as a reward for perseverance, and not because human sacrifice, in principle, is not pleasing to Allah. But this is impossible to believe, given the nature of the preaching of the Prophet of Islam, may Allah bless him and his family, the spirit of the Holy Quran and Sunnah. Moreover, logically speaking, if getting rid of the need to sacrifice a son was a reward for steadfastness and righteousness, then millions of other people received the same reward at the same time - in front of whom such a gloomy prospect did not arise at all, and among them were both the righteous and inveterate sinners! And even more than that, the Quran mentions only a single case of such a sacrifice performed in the name of Allah, on the example of Hazrat Ibrahim. And the conversation about the reward of the “virtuous” is in the plural, not in the singular and not in the dual, as the rules of Arabic grammar provide, if it were only about the example of two people - Hazrat Ibrahim and Hazrat Ismail, may there be peace over both of them. We emphasize again: in this case, it would be more logical to assume that those who did not find themselves in such a situation and were not faced with the hardest choice between faith in Allah and the life of their firstborn son received a much greater reward!
This means that the only logical conclusion remains (by the method of elimination): the reward of the Almighty to the virtuous - to everyone, without exception, and also to Ibrahim, and Ismail in this example - just consists in sending down the hardest test as a sign of special attention and location of the Almighty.
Many verses of the Qur'an and reliable hadiths testify that the test is a sign that Almighty Allah paid attention to a person's faith and tests it for strength. The Holy Quran says: “Do people think that they will be left behind [just because they say]: “We believed,” and they will not be tested?” (29:2). And the Qur'an also says that the best and purest of us will be oppressed: "And We want to show mercy to those who were weakened on earth, and make them leaders, and make them heirs" (28:5).
Imam Ali, peace be upon him, in a collection of speeches, letters and aphorisms "Nahj al-balaga"(The Path of Eloquence), in Khutba 189, puts it this way:
“Verily, our work is difficult, complicated, no one will endure it, except for the servant of the believer, whose heart has been tested by Allah for faith.
“And if Allah wished to create Adam from the light, blinding the eyes with its radiance, striking the minds with its brilliance, intercepting the breath with its incense, then he would have done so. And if he did so, then bowed necks would bow before him, and through him the angelic judgment would become lightened. But Allah - Praised be He - will test His creatures with some things, the basics of which they are not aware of, in order to distinguish them [from each other] by testing, and to remove all pride from them, and to remove them from self-conceit ...
And if Allah allowed anyone to be exalted from His servants, He would allow His chosen ones from His prophets and His associates, however, He - Praised be He - forbade them the abomination of self-exaltation and was pleased with their modesty, so that they fell to the ground with their cheeks, their faces to dust dipped, being before believers in self-abasement, being a people deprived (of earthly goods both from the oppressors, and because of their own modesty and curtailed earthly needs. - T. Ch.).
Behold, Allah has tested them with hunger (by embarrassment) and tested them with exhaustion, taken a test of fear from them and shocked them with troubles. So do not judge the contentment and wrath of [Allah] by property and offspring, being ignorant of the ways of verification and testing through the strengthening of position and through enrichment, as He said - Praised be He and great: “Do they really think that what We supply their property and sons, - [is it because] We hasten [to bestow] them with blessings? Yes, they do not understand!” (23:55-56). Indeed, indeed, Allah will test His servants, who are exalted in their souls, with His close associates, who are modest and deprived in their eyes ...
And if Allah, praised be He, wished to open for His prophets where He sent them down, treasuries of gold and veins of gold, and plant gardens around and gather together with them the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth, then He would have done so, but if He had done so, there would have been no trial, no due reward for it, and there would have been no reports [on how to distinguish between people], and no rewards of those who had passed the tests would have been given to those who accepted [faith], and believers would not have been rewarded with due retribution for their good deeds, and then the name would not have had the meaning (i.e., the criteria by which a righteous man is called a righteous man and a sinner a sinner would disappear, since the creation of a comfortable environment for their existence would make it impossible for a precedent to arise for manifestations of their true essence. - T. Ch.). But, however, Allah - Praised be He - made His messengers possessors of strength in their purposefulness, but weak in their external state, granting them at the same time the ability to be content with little, which fills hearts and eyes with carelessness, and poverty, which hurts the eyes and ears.
And if the prophets were possessors of an irresistible power or an irresistible honor, or a power to which the necks of men turn, and [horses] riding were saddled for it, it would be too easy an instigation for people, they would be too far from self-exaltation, and they would have believed because of compulsion brought down on them, or because of the temptation of attraction, and their intentions would have been common, but their good deeds divided. However, Allah willed - Praise be to Him - that there be following His prophets, and recognition of His Books, and fear of His face, and obedience to His commands, and humility before obeying Him, deeds directed only to Him Alone, to which not a drop of another would not be mixed in. And the more severe the calamities and trials, the more abundant will be the reward ”(Khutba 192).
Thus, one of the eternal meanings of Eid al-Adha for us is to look confidently ahead even when faced with trials, remembering that any difficulties for a sincere believer are nothing more than a sign of special disposition and attention to their faith. from the side of the Creator.
The more meaningful this day acquires on a global historical scale for the history of Shiism as a religious community within the community of Muslims, more than any other subjected to severe trials and hardships. The rule of the Umayyad, Abbasid, Ottoman dynasties in Turkey and the Wahhabis in the Arabian Peninsula have gone down in history as centuries of the Shiite holocaust. The Shiite genocide continues to this day in many places on the planet, once again proving the correctness and steadfastness of our faith and preparing the kindling of hellfire for those who wish to exterminate us from the face of the earth.
Almighty Allah, putting us all to the test, like the hardest torments, physical and mental, to which the best of Muslims were subjected, accepts our faith and ranks the faithful Shiites to the community of God's chosen ones. And therefore, in spite of everything, we are still alive and confidently moving forward, year after year rejoicing at the new holiday.
