Examples of works in the direction of friendship and enmity. True friendship - arguments from literature

• Friendship can easily turn into enmity
• True friends have no secrets from each other, they are ready to help in any situation.
• real friendly relations nothing can spoil
• Different people can be friends
• Friendship does not mean unity of views not life
• Friends can teach each other something new

Arguments

F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". Dmitry Razumikhin - a true friend Rodion Raskolnikov. He is responsive, open, a kind person. It is Razumikhin who takes care of the sick Raskolnikov: he is nearby, invites the doctor. He treats his sister and mother of a friend just as well. Razumikhin does not believe to the last that Raskolnikov committed the murder. He tries to justify a friend, referring to the disease. But when the truth becomes obvious, the hero does not abandon Raskolnikov. Dmitry Razumikhin marries Dunya, his sister, and after three or four years, when he has accumulated the necessary amount of money, he is going to move to Siberia, where a friend is serving hard labor.

I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons". The story of friendship between Arkady Kirsanov and Evgeny Bazarov runs through the whole work. However, it is debatable that this is really friendship. Arkady is a follower of Bazarov, at the beginning of the novel agreeing with him in everything. Evgeny Bazarov himself is a mature person with his own views on life, his place in the world. The life values ​​of the characters are opposite. Arkady Kirsanov is attached to Bazarov, but Evgeny believes that he has no friends. There can be no real friendship between them, because it cannot be based on the subordination of one person to another. Over time, the characters only move away from each other. The rupture of their relationship is completely natural.

I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov". Andrei Stolz and Ilya Oblomov are completely different people, but they are drawn to each other. Stolz gladly comes to Oblomov, and the latter gladly meets him. They carried their friendship through the years. Only throughout his life, Andrei Stolz was active, striving for development, and Ilya Oblomov was lazy and gradually faded away. When Oblomov died, Stolz took his son Andryusha to himself - this is another proof of their true friendship.

L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". The friendship between Prince Andrei Bolkonsky and Pierre Bezukhov can be called true, real. They are honest and frank with each other. Prince Andrei cares about Pierre's future: even at the beginning of the work, he asks his friend to abandon Kuragin's company. Heroes consult with each other, together they experience the most difficult moments of their lives. They can argue, their views differ in some ways, but this does not interfere with friendship. It is not for nothing that Prince Andrei asks Natasha Rostova to turn to Pierre for help in any situation. Although Pierre himself is in love with Natasha, he does not dare to court her even after his friend's departure. The hero helps the girl survive one of the most difficult situations for her - an attempt to escape with Anatole Kuragin. Friendship between Pierre Bezukhov and Andrei Bolkonsky is the ideal to strive for.

A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". Many call the relationship between Eugene Onegin and Vladimir Lensky friendship, but this is hardly true. Onegin communicated with Lensky more out of boredom than out of interest. He considered himself wiser, thought that over time the young poet would understand the true essence of life. A good relationship the heroes turned into enmity due to the fact that Yevgeny, to spite Lensky, danced all evening with Olga, his bride. Vladimir Lensky called the hero not a duel and died at his hands in a fair duel. However, the feelings of Eugene Onegin after the duel confirm that he, in the depths of his soul, considers what happened to be wrong.

A.S. Pushkin "Dubrovsky". The enmity between Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky and Kirill Petrovich Troekurov is the basis of the plot of the famous story. The heroes were friends from their youth, many things brought them together, their friendship was envied. A seemingly ridiculous situation led to enmity: Troekurov's servant inadvertently offended Dubrovsky in his own words. Both heroes were very stubborn, so it was not possible to resolve the conflict by peaceful means. The meanness of Kirilla Petrovich turned into madness and the death of Andrei Gavrilovich. Could true friendship turn into deadly enmity? No. Most likely there was no true friendship.

N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba". Friendship and partnership are very close concepts. For Taras Bulba, partnership is a great value, including justice, joint efforts to protect the Motherland, and honesty with each other. Before the decisive battle, the hero delivers a speech about comradeship, which greatly inspires the Cossacks, urging them to “become kindred to their souls”. Relations between the Cossacks are a manifestation of true friendship, proven by deeds.

O. Wilde “Portrait of Dorian Gray”. Friendship with Lord Henry has a negative effect on the young handsome Dorian Gray. It was the words of Henry Wotton that prompted the young man to wish that instead of him the portrait painted by Basil Hallward would grow old. Lord Henry constantly pushes Dorian to commit immoral acts. The values ​​of hedonism preached by Henry Wotton destroy the soul of a young man. It is hardly possible to see something good in the friendship between these heroes.

Two random arguments on the topic "Friendship" to the exam:

1) When distrust appears, friendship disappears, because real friendship is based on sincerity, devotion and the ability to sacrifice something. for the sake of your soul mate. In Russian literature, an ambiguous assessment of male friendship is often given. So, in the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "Hero of Our Time" Pechorin, skeptical of people, loved to experiment on human feelings. Grushnitsky became his next victim. Pechorin meanly seduced Princess Mary, who was sweet to his friend, and Pechorin's heart did not even flinch when he shot at Grushnitsky in a duel. Thus, true friendship was alien to Pechorin.

2) Aristotle, exalting such a concept as human friendship, said that a friend is one soul living in two bodies. So is the hero of the novel M.Yu. Lermontov Pechorin lived with Maxim Maksimovich soul to soul until he left him. From the first days of their acquaintance, Pechorin became close to Maxim Maksimovich. With the advent of Gregory, the life of a good staff captain became brighter, more interesting: they went hunting together, talked a lot about life, in a word, enjoyed such a mutual feeling as friendly love. However, Pechorin, being by nature an egoist and a loner, left his old friend, because such heroes as Pechorin are alien to the concept of true friendship.

Usage example

For example, at the exam you got a text by D. Granin on the topic of honor. Using our service "Ready-made arguments for writing on the exam", you get the following two arguments * :

1) As you know, A. S. Pushkin died in a duel, fighting for the honor of his wife. M. Lermontov in his poem called the poet "a slave of honor." The quarrel, the cause of which was the offended honor of A. Pushkin, led to the death of the greatest writer. However, Alexander Sergeevich retained his honor and good name in the memory of people.

2) The hero with high moral character is Petrusha Grinev, a character in A.S. Pushkin's story "The Captain's Daughter". Peter did not tarnish his honor even in those cases when it was possible to pay for it with his head. He was a man of high morals worthy of respect and pride. He could not leave Shvabrin's slander on Masha unpunished, so he challenged him to a duel.
Shvabrin is the complete opposite of Grinev: he is a person for whom the concept of honor and nobility does not exist at all. He walked over the heads of others, stepping over himself for the sake of his momentary desires. Popular rumor says: "take care of the dress again, and honor from a young age." Once having tarnished honor, you are unlikely to ever be able to restore your good name.

As a result, most of your essay has already been written: 150 words (arguments) out of 200 (the full length of the answer required for the exam).

* The choice of arguments for a given topic is made automatically, with each new time you get a new pair of arguments.

Topics of the final essay 2016 - 2017

"Friendship and enmity". The direction aims at reasoning about the value of human friendship, about ways to achieve mutual understanding between individuals, their communities and even entire nations, as well as about the origins and consequences of enmity between them.
The content of many literary works is associated with the warmth of human relations or the hostility of people, with the development of friendship into enmity or vice versa, with the image of a person who is able or not able to appreciate friendship, who knows how to overcome conflicts or sows enmity.

Friends! This is an approximate list of topics for the final essay of 2016. Read it carefully and try to find an argument and a thesis for each topic. Here the direction "Friendship and enmity" is revealed from all possible sides. You will probably come across other quotes in your essay, but they will still carry the same meaning. And if you work with this list, you will not have any difficulty in writing the final essay.

1. You must have enemies, otherwise they will become friends. (G. Malkin)
2. Why do friends become enemies?
3. An enemy is a potential friend. (Ya. Krotov)
4. Why is male friendship crumbling?
5. The disinterestedness of childhood friendship
6. Is there any benefit from enemies?
7. Is it possible to respect the enemy?
8. Who is the enemy?
9. Where do enemies come from?
10. The poor have few enemies, but the rich have even fewer friends. (Meidani)
11. Betrayal of a friend.
12. From friendship to hate.
13. Cherish friendship.
14. An enemy occupies more space in our thoughts than a friend in our heart. (A. Buzhar)
15. What is true friendship?
16. The person who makes the most enemies in the world is the one who is straightforward, proud, scrupulous and prefers to accept everyone for what they are, and not for what they never were. (N. Chamfort)
17. If the praises lavished by friends sometimes give reason to doubt their sincerity, then the envy of enemies deserves full confidence. (K. Immerman)
18. If you do not want to make enemies for yourself, then try not to show your superiority over people. (A. Schopenhauer)
19. If you have no enemies, you are threatened with the same situation with friends. (E. Hubbard)
20. Of the enemies, the enemy who pretends to be a friend is the most dangerous. (S. Rustaveli)
21. Honest enemies always have more than dishonest ones. (F. Dostoevsky)
22. And in the most faithful friend lies a true enemy. (V. Georgiev)
23. The enemies of our enemies are our friends after all. (E. Renan)
24. As rare as it is real love True friendship is even rarer. (Francois La Rochefoucauld)
    
25. The worst enemies are from former friends: they hit your weaknesses, they only follow them, in the most vulnerable place. (B. Gracian)
26. In happiness it is easy to find a friend, in misfortune it is extremely difficult. (Democritus)

Direction "Friendship and enmity" of the final essay 2016-2017 in literature: examples, samples, analysis of works

Examples of writing essays on literature in the direction of "Friendship and Enmity". Statistics are given for each essay. Some essays are school, and it is not recommended to use them as ready-made samples for the final essay.

These works can be used to prepare for the final essay. They are intended to form the students' idea of ​​the full or partial disclosure of the topic of the final essay. We recommend using them as an additional source of ideas when creating your own presentation of the topic disclosure.

Probably, each of us thought about what a true friend should be. And whatever the outcome of our reflections, we all agree that true friendship can only be called relationships full of sincerity, trust, emotional closeness, readiness to help in difficult times ... The one who has found such a faithful comrade in the face of another person and he himself corresponds to the high rank of a friend, he can safely call himself lucky.

But, unfortunately, the one or the one that was called our friends is not always them. Opening our innermost thoughts or extending a helping hand to another person, we always take risks, since "an alien soul is darkness." And the enemy, skillfully hiding under a friendly guise, is, of course, the most dangerous, because he knows a lot about you.

Russian writers have repeatedly turned to plots where yesterday's friend turned out to be a terrible enemy, causing suffering to the hero. Let's remember "The Captain's Daughter" by A.S. Pushkin. The insidious Shvabrin, who at first seemed to be a friend of Pyotr Grinev, more than once commits meanness towards the young nobleman. Aleksey Ivanovich, having slandered Masha Mironova, forces Grinev to defend the honor of the girl in a duel. But even in a duel, Shvabrin behaves far from noble. Taking advantage of the fact that Peter was distracted for a second by Savelich, who was hurrying towards them, inflicts a severe wound on Grinev. Throughout the work, we see how Shvabrin, who recently pretended to be a friend not only of Peter, but also of the Mironov family, easily renounces them, from noble honor, from the empress ...

In M.Yu. Lermontov's novel "A Hero of Our Time" we get acquainted with another character who only pretends to be friendly. Pechorin is incapable of being a friend, but in order to play with human destinies, he pretends to be an attentive comrade of Grushnitsky, and also passionately in love with Princess Mary. Convincing the naive young man in the fact that the girl is in love with him, Grigory Alexandrovich weaves a network of intrigues, into which the inexperienced Mary, who fell in love with Pechorin, falls, as well as the narcissistic Grushnitsky, stung by the princess’s cooling towards him because of Grigory Alexandrovich. To dispel boredom, Pechorin becomes the director of a bloody performance, the denouement of which will be the broken heart of a young girl and the death of the unfortunate Grushnitsky, who really loved Mary ... Lermontov understood well what the meanness of an imaginary friend was and left to posterity an arrangement of the wise lines of Abdurrahman Jami:

What do you want to hide from your enemies?
Friends should not be told.

Yes, the enemy is a very dangerous person, but the enemy, wearing the mask of a friend, is a hundred times worse. Faced with such a life-destroying hypocrite, a person can stop trusting people and remain lonely for many years and decades. But still, no matter how great the risk of being betrayed, the happiness of having sincere friends is much greater.

(387 words)

Material N.A. Tooth

"A friend in need is a friend" is the popular wisdom, but I don't quite agree with it. A true friend is known not only in trouble, but also in joy. And this has been proved by many writers.
In Veniamina Aleksandrovich Kaverin's novel "Two Captains" shows us two friends Sasha Grigoriev and Misha Romashov. Their friendship ends in an instant, as Misha could not calmly look at the close relationship between Katya Tatarinova and Sasha Grigoriev, because Romashka himself was in love with her. Misha is capable of betraying his friend, during the war he left the wounded Sasha to die.

This shows that Romashov did not need friends at all, and is he capable of loving such a person. After all, people like Misha are not able to help a person in difficult times, and you cannot share joy with him.

And Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy in his epic novel “War and Peace” shows us true friendship using the example of Andrei Bolkonsky and Pierre Bezukhov.

Pierre tries to help Andrei cope with the loss of his wife and sympathizes with him. And when Bolkonsky falls in love with Natasha, Bezukhov sincerely rejoices at the happiness of his friend. These episodes show Pierre's relationship to friendship, he treasures his friendship with Andrey. Pierre Bezukhov is ready to sacrifice his happiness for the sake of a friend. This is evident because he zealously tries to reconcile Andrei with Natasha, although he himself is in love with her. Only a true friend is able to come to the rescue in a difficult moment, he does not know how to envy and hurt his close friend. Only death can separate such friends.
Thus, a friend can be called real if he helps in sorrow and rejoices with you in joy.

(252 words)

Talking about the important people in our lives, we most often arrange them in this order - parents, close relatives, friends, acquaintances. Parents and relatives are not chosen, acquaintances are not allowed too deep into life. And only a true friend is a person whose relationship is based on reciprocity, benevolence, sincerity and sympathy. This is how it happens - two strangers meet and under certain conditions become indispensable for each other.

Life is incomplete without friendship. But only if we are talking about true friendship - not empty communication, using each other for selfish purposes. On the contrary, it does not bring us anything good. Why do you need a friend who is with you only because he has nothing else to do, and he will easily disappear for a long time without even warning you? Or a friend who says the same thing to you and gossips about you behind your back? Or the one who communicates with you only when he needs something? Or envious? Do such "friends" make life full?

And best of all, the true essence of friendship, as for me, is revealed in the fairy tale "The Little Prince" by A. de Saint-Exupery. There, in a conversation between the Fox and the Little Prince, it is said that in order to become close, you need to get to know each other. It is necessary to let a person into your heart, thoughts, life. And enter into it yourself. This is trust, and that is what is sacred. And this is real happiness - to be frank with someone and to know that you will be accepted and not betrayed. And this is a necessity in the life of each of us.

(318 words)

"In the house of human happiness, friendship brings down the walls, and love forms a dome." In these words of K. Prutkov, the role of friendship in human relations is figuratively defined. Now, when time is running extremely fast, when the rhythm of life takes on a frantic pace, when there is not enough time for communication, and television often replaces it, how to understand what is Real friendship? Do these relationships mix with superficial friendships based on the commonality of business and leisure? Friendship ennobles life, it was valued and exalted by the thinkers of antiquity. Friendship, according to Aristotle, is the most necessary for life: after all, no one wants to live without friends, even if he had all other wealth.

He further explained: “Friendship is not only invaluable, but also beautiful - we glorify the one who loves his friends, has many friends - this is wonderful, and some even think that to be a good man and the other is one and the same. Friendship is highly valued in Ukrainian culture. Revealing the great power of friendship, Grigory Skovoroda cites the words of Plutarch: “Friendship, accompanying life, not only adds joy and charm to its bright sides, but also reduces suffering, and God, adding friendship to life, made everything to be joyful, pleasant and sweet when a friend is near and comforts with you. And no matter how the flatterer forges disaster, using pleasures and pleasantries, one must know that he does not bring anything joyful to friendship. Skovoroda taught to be prudent in choosing friends. Of course, time makes its own adjustments, but such concepts as friendship and love will always remain the highest values.

They represent some kind of mysterious process that cannot be programmed, fill life with the joy of communication, mutual understanding, emotionally enrich it. In psychology, the concept of "friendship" is defined as persistent personality-selective interpersonal relationships, which characterize the mutual benevolence of their participants, the mutual expectations of the corresponding feelings and the return of the advantage. The development of friendship involves following its unwritten "code", which affirms the need for mutual understanding, frankness and sincerity. It provides for gullibility, active mutual assistance, mutual interest in the affairs and experiences of another, sincerity and disinterestedness of feelings.

Serious violations of the "code of friendship" lead to its termination, or to superficial friendly relations, or even to the transformation of friendship into its opposite - hostility. Friendship reaches its greatest intensity in adolescence and in the period of early maturity, when the exceptional importance of relationships with friends, the greatest frequency of meetings and the greatest amount of time spent together are noted. At the same time, relationships between friends are filled with deep emotional content and often persist throughout life. Friendship is sometimes a kind of psychotherapy. She allows you to express the innermost feelings that overwhelm a person, and find the support of those who share her thoughts.

For me, friends are very important. These are the most expensive people after their parents.

With them, I can always be frank. Together with friends, I quickly find a solution to any problem, it is easier to do any work with them, it is more joyful to spend my free time. I appreciate my friends, I try not to quarrel with them and help them whenever the need arises. So, in fact, as stated folk proverb A man without friends is like a tree without roots.

(467 words)

Friendship and enmity - these antipodes are more and more common in the 21st century. Friendship is a relationship based on trust, mutual assistance and support. And enmity is the opposite of friendship. People do not appreciate each other, friendship between each other. Having quarreled, you can never return friendship. For evidence of my reasoning, I want to turn to examples from fiction.

The novel by A. S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" tells about two comrades - Onegin and Lensky. Their friendship was so strong, but enmity allowed this friendship to be destroyed. At the birthday of Tatiana Larina, Eugene Onegin invited Lensky's beloved, Olga Larina, to dance. This was from Eugene, as if in retaliation. But this retaliation greatly offended Lensky, after which he invited Yevgeny to a duel. The duel ended very tragically with the death of Lensky. At first, Eugene did not want to kill Lensky, but he also did not want to look like a coward in society. After the death of Lensky, Eugene simply did not understand the meaning of life, because he had lost a loved one.

Also, as proof of my thoughts, I can cite the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time", where the main characters are Pechorin and Grushnitsky. Grushnitsky slandered his friend Pechorin because he considered himself a leader, suggesting that there was no place for the two of them. After all this vile slander, Pechorin challenged Grushnitsky to a duel. He believed that there was nothing left for him but her. Generosity did not awaken in Grushnitsky's petty soul. And he shot an unarmed man. Fortunately, the bullet only grazed the opponent's knee. Contempt and anger seized Pechorin at the thought that this man could have killed him with such ease.

Here
– Topics of the final essay 2016-2017 in all areas
– essay writing process (statements)
– approved Graduation Essay Evaluation Criteria;
for schools .
– Criteria for evaluating the final final essay for universities .

Composition on the topic "The problem of friendship." 1.00 /5 (20.00%) 1 vote

Friendship is one of great feelings, it stands next to love, respect and honor. True friends save us when we are in trouble, rejoice in our victories and help us in difficult situations.

The problem of friendship and its significance in life is well covered in literature, many writers and poets have discussed this topic.
Recall the novel by I.A. and Oblomov. The boring, pessimistic and monotonous hero of the novel - Ilya Ilyin Oblomov lived his life completely aimlessly, having no desire to improve himself or even have fun. But he had a friend Stolz - an educated, intelligent and decent person who tried with all his might to pull his friend out of his meaningless existence. Stolz was a true friend for Oblomov, he experienced Ilya Ilyich as well as for himself. But, unfortunately, Oblomov's life did not depend 100% on Stolz, which is why a friend could not completely change his life. After the death of Oblomov, Stolz took his son to him, and this is what true friends do. Relationships are made in friendship. Friendship is a strong feeling that makes a person better. The strong nature of Andrei Stolz tried with all his might to change the difficult nature of Ilya Oblomov. He tried with all his might to "move" Oblomov off the dead center and push him to some kind of activity. But Ilya Ilyich could not adequately respond to Stolz's friendly concern. Nevertheless, the actions of Andrei Stolz are worthy of respect.
Friendship - real and devoted is rare. Often we become witnesses of false friendship, for example, when the relationship is based on the subordination of one person to another. We can observe a similar situation in I.S. Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons”. Arkady Kirsanov did not have a strong character and established convictions. His friend Yevgeny Bazarov is the opposite. The friendship of young people lasted as long as Arkady agreed with everything with Eugene and supported his convictions. After arriving at the parental home, Arkady went over to the side of his father and uncle, thereby losing a friend. We see that friendship was unequal, and people like Arkady Kirsanov can be "friends" with absolutely everyone. But will this relationship be called true friendship?!
Finding a true friend in life is a great happiness. Everyone who has a friend is an incredibly rich person. After all, friendly support and advice is indispensable. As it was said in the story of N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba": "There is no holier than the bonds of partnership."