Height and weight parameters of children under 1. Features of the ratio of height and weight in adolescents
Every mother knows that after birth in a children's clinic, doctors measure the height and weight of her crumbs every month. Indicators must be recorded in the medical card and analyzed. Thus, doctors have in their hands a clear dynamics of the development of the baby in two main parameters. What is the meaning of these measurements? Anthropometric data of children help to diagnose various diseases and pathologies in the early stages of their development.
From birth, it is important to observe the dynamics of the development of growth and weight of the baby.Calculator
Height and weight indicators for children - why are they needed?
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There are generally accepted norms of height and weight for each age. Any deviation from these standards becomes the first wake-up call, signaling that something is wrong with the baby. Doctors determine a failure if, with good nutrition, the baby does not gain weight well. This can be a signal of developing anemia, rickets, diseases of the endocrine system and immunodeficiency. Too much short stature can be a consequence of a lack of growth hormone in the child's body. Being overweight with a moderate diet will be an occasion to check the functioning of the thyroid gland and adrenal glands.
Each child develops individually, so small deviations from the norm are acceptable. Significant, uncharacteristic for children changes in these two indicators will help doctors not only know about the presence of a problem, but also indicate where to look for it. Timely diagnosis helps to prescribe therapy in time and avoid consequences.
Which tables to focus on - domestic pediatrics or WHO?
Until the beginning of the 90s, doctors were guided by the old standards, which had previously been adopted by WHO, when measuring indicators. At this time, the World Health Organization carefully studied outdated standards and drew disappointing conclusions.
It turned out that many anthropometric norms were greatly overestimated. Based on these data, medical specialists in many countries could draw incorrect conclusions about the lag in the development of babies. The consequence of this was the feeding of children with mixtures, which as a result could provoke obesity.
In parallel with the WHO standards in Russia, the use of domestic schedules was practiced, which were compiled on the basis of statistical data in our country. The data in them turned out to be more accurate and helped to make fewer errors. In 1993, WHO carried out a series of statistical analyzes and updated anthropometric data for children. They set new standards that remain relevant to this day.
Features of the first year of a boy's life
Everyone knows that the first years of life are the most important for the baby. They predetermine its further development. In the period up to a year, the child grows at an incredible rate at which the human body never develops again (see also:). It is extremely important for parents to be responsible for the health of the baby during this period - both physical and emotional. Experts divide the age of crumbs up to 1 year into two periods:
- neonatal period;
- infancy period.
The first lasts exactly 28 days from the date of birth, and the second comes to replace it and ends exactly at one year old. The most difficult period is the neonatal period, because babies are born with not yet fully formed internal organs and fabrics.
In the first days from birth, pediatricians pay attention not only to weight and height, but also to the general health of the baby.
These 28 days will be spent by a small life adapting to big world and the final formation of his fragile organism. Pediatricians during the neonatal period pay special attention not only to height and weight, but also to coordination, motor functions, fine motor skills, skin condition, and social activity.
Weight norms for boys up to a year
Age, months Body weight, kg Very low Short Norm High Very tall Newborn 2,1 2,5 3,4 4,4 5 1 2,9 3,4 4,1 5,8 6,6 2 3,8 4,3 4,9 7 8 3 4,4 5 5,6 8 9 4 4,9 5,6 6,3 8,7 9,7 5 5,3 6 6,8 9,3 10,4 6 5,7 6,4 7,4 9,8 10,9 7 5,9 6,7 8,1 10,3 11,4 8 6,2 6,9 8,5 10,7 11,9 9 6,4 7,1 8,9 11 12,3 10 6,6 7,4 9,5 11,4 12,7 11 6,8 7,6 10,1 11,7 13 12 6,9 7,7 10,6 12 13,3 How less baby, the faster he gains weight (as a percentage), and by the first year of life, a boy can weigh from 8 to 13 kilograms (see also:)
The table shows the average values. Low and high body weight is not critical, since it depends on many factors, among which a special place is given to living conditions, genetic predisposition and type of nutrition. When the coefficients strongly deviate from normal, specialists may prescribe studies to exclude developmental pathologies.
Breast growth up to a year
According to experts, the baby should grow by 25 cm in the first year, but this figure is highly averaged. It is influenced by a combination of the following factors:
- Nutrition. If the baby receives the necessary amount of nutrients and trace elements, he will grow in accordance with generally accepted norms.
- Heredity. Naturally, tall and large parents also have slightly larger children, and in growth they can add more than their peers.
- Pathologies and diseases. This factor can slow down growth. As we mentioned above, lack of growth hormone, rickets or anemia can slow down the development of the baby.
If a child has a complete and balanced diet, he grows and develops in accordance with generally accepted norms.
Normal height for a male child under 12 months of age is shown in the table:
Age, months Height, indicators in cm Very low Short Norm High Very tall Newborn 44,2 46,1 49,9 53,7 55,6 1 48,9 50,8 54,7 58,6 60,6 2 52,4 54,4 58,4 62,4 64,4 3 55,3 57,3 61,4 65,5 67,6 4 57,6 59,7 63,9 68 70,1 5 59,6 61,7 65,9 70,1 72,2 6 61,2 63,3 67,6 71,9 74 7 62,6 64,8 69,3 73,5 75,7 8 64 66,2 70,6 75 77,2 9 65,2 67,5 72 76,5 78,7 10 66,4 68,7 73,3 77,9 80,1 11 67,6 69,9 74,5 79,2 81,5 12 68,6 71 75,7 80,5 82,9 Child development from 1 to 10 years
Over the course of ten years, a child's body undergoes amazing changes. He switches to a full-fledged diet of an adult, his body begins to prepare for a difficult adolescence and hormonal explosions.
How older child, the less rigid the standards for its anthropometric parameters become. During this period, genetics begins to manifest itself strongly, which causes deviations from the norms.
Weight indicators
The boy's body weight is a labile indicator that quickly responds to changes: nutrition, physical exercise, diseases accompanied by weight gain or weight loss. WHO has created special schedules for the development of a child up to 10 years of age, according to which children must fall into the so-called "corridor" of indicators - in this case, the baby develops correctly.
Weight chart for boys under the age of 10:
Age Body weight, kg Very low Short Norm High Very tall 1 year 6,9 7,7 9,6 12 13,3 1 year 3 months 7,4 8,3 10,3 12,8 14,3 1.5 years 7,8 8,8 10,9 13,7 15,3 1 year 9 months 8,2 9,2 11,5 14,5 16,2 2 years 8,6 9,7 12,2 15,3 17,1 2 years 3 months 9 10,1 12,7 16,1 18,1 2.5 years 9,4 10,5 13,3 16,9 19 2 years 9 months 9,7 10,9 13,8 17,6 19,9 3 years 10 11,3 14,3 18,3 20,7 3 years 3 months 10,3 11,6 14,8 19 21,6 3.5 years 10,6 12 15,3 19,7 22,4 3 years 9 months 10,9 12,4 15,8 20,5 23,3 4 years 11,2 12,7 16,3 21,2 24,2 4 years 3 months 11,5 13,1 16,8 21,9 25,1 4.5 years 11,8 13,4 17,3 22,7 26 4 years 9 months 12,1 13,7 17,8 23,4 26,9 5 years 12,4 14,1 18,3 24,2 27,9 5.5 years 13,3 15 19,4 25,5 29,4 6 years 14,1 15,9 20,5 27,1 31,5 6.5 years 14,9 16,8 21,7 28,9 33,7 7 years 15,7 17,7 22,9 30,7 36,1 8 years 17,3 19,5 25,4 34,7 41,5 9 years 18,8 21,3 28,1 39,4 48,2 10 years 20,4 23,2 31,2 45 56,4 Children of the same age cannot have the same weight (everyone has different genetics, nutrition, physical activity, health), but there is a weight table, in the "corridor" of which everyone must fall
Growth rates
Growth is a stable parameter for the development of a baby. It determines both the length of the body and the formation of the systems and functions of the body, the increase in organs in size. This indicator is considered the best criterion for determining the state of health of the child. A slow increase in the length of the skeleton contributes to a decrease in the rate of development of the brain, muscles, etc.
Indicators for a baby aged 1 to 10 years are presented in the table:
Age Height, indicators in cm Very low Short Average High Very tall 1 year 68,6 71 75,7 80,5 82,9 1 year 3 months 71,6 74,1 79,1 84,2 86,7 1.5 years 74,2 76,9 82,3 87,7 90,4 1 year 9 months 76,5 79,4 85,1 90,9 93,8 2 years 78,7 81,7 87,8 93,9 97 2 years 3 months 79,9 83,1 89,6 96,1 99,3 2.5 years 81,7 85,1 91,9 98,7 102,1 2 years 9 months 83,4 86,9 94,1 101,2 104,8 3 years 85 88,7 96,1 103,5 107,2 3 years 3 months 86,5 90,3 98 105,7 109,5 3.5 years 88 91,9 99,9 107,8 111,7 3 years 9 months 89,4 93,5 101,6 109,8 113,9 4 years 90,7 94,9 103,3 111,7 115,9 4 years 3 months 92,1 96,4 105 113,6 117,9 4.5 years 93,4 97,8 106,7 115,5 119,9 4 years 9 months 94,7 99,3 108,3 117,4 121,9 5 years 96,1 100,7 110 119,2 123,9 5.5 years 98,7 103,4 112,9 122,4 127,1 6 years 101,2 106,1 116 125,8 130,7 6.5 years 103,6 108,7 118,9 129,1 134,2 7 years 105,9 111,2 121,7 132,3 137,6 8 years 110,3 116 127,3 138,6 144,2 9 years 114,5 120,5 132,6 144,6 150,6 10 years 118,7 125 137,8 150,5 156,9 Observing the dynamics of a child's growth, it is possible to give adequate criteria for assessing his health.
How does a boy develop from 11 to 18 years old?
The period of puberty for children is difficult: secondary sexual characteristics develop, hormones are actively produced, there is a change in voice, stretching of bones, an increase in the penis and scrotum. Boys gain weight more intensively due to the increase in muscle mass.
Under the influence of hormones, the child does not control his mood. In the period from 11 to 12, the first changes in the body begin. At 13, 14, 15, teenagers are at the peak of their hormonal explosion. By the age of 16-17, and for some only by the age of 18, the situation gradually stabilizes.
The dynamics of the weight of a teenager
The body weight of a teenager should be monitored in the same way as the average weight of a small child. Nutrition during this period should be as varied and complete as possible. The child's body is being rebuilt, which means that he needs more "bricks" for such a construction.
At the age of 11-13, the metabolic process accelerates in adolescents; at 14-16, changes in weight are possible due to hormonal changes. By the age of 17-18, body weight is kept at a set level and may increase / decrease depending on physical condition, nutrition and sports.
The weight parameters are listed below:
Age Body weight, kg Very low Short Average High Very tall 11 years 26 28 34,9 44,9 51,5 12 years 28,2 30,7 38,8 50,6 58,7 13 years 30,9 33,8 43,4 56,8 66 14 years 34,3 38 48,8 63,4 73,2 15 years 38,7 43 54,8 70 80,1 16 years 44 48,3 61 76,5 84,7 17-18 years old 49,3 54,6 66,3 80,1 87,8 It is worth remembering that under the influence of hormones during this period, drastic changes in weight are possible, up to exhaustion or fullness. With such problems, you should contact specialists, because ordinary diets or overfeeding will not be able to help.
At present, the average height of men is 178 cm, women - 164. Girls grow up to 17 - 19 years old, boys - up to 19 - 22 years old. Quite intensive growth is observed at the beginning of puberty (this process lasts for girls from 10 to 16, for boys - from 11 to 17 years). Girls grow fastest between the ages of 10 and 12, and boys between 13 and 16.
It is known that growth fluctuations are observed during the day. The greatest body length is recorded in the morning. In the evening, growth may be less by 1 - 2 cm.
The main factors affecting growth are good nutrition (nutrition is needed for growth), sleep observance (you need to sleep at night, in the dark, at least 8 hours), physical education or sports (inactive, stunted body - stunted body).
IT IS IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER THAT:
1. In adolescence(from 11 to 16 years old) there is a growth spurt. Those. one person may begin to grow at 11 years old, and by 13 years old grow to his final height, and another at 13-14 years old is just starting to grow. Some grow slowly, over several years, others grow in one summer. Girls start growing earlier than boys.
2. This growth spurt is due to and directly dependent on puberty.
3. Often in the process of growth, the body does not have time to build muscle mass and gain weight. Or vice versa, first weight is gained, and then height increases, the body is stretched. This is a normal condition and does not require immediate weight loss or weight gain.
4. Losing weight and starving in adolescence is very dangerous, because a growing body, especially the brain, needs resources for growth and development. And an underdeveloped brain is then more difficult to cure than an underdeveloped body.
FOR THICK AND THIN.
First of all: WEIGHT and VOLUME are not the same thing. Because MUSCLE WEIGHS 4 TIMES THE FAT for the same volume. In addition, there are several types of muscles, as well as fats (biology course grades 8-9). Therefore, if the weight is normal or below normal, and the body looks fat, this is because there is a lot of fat, little muscle. Here you will need proper nutrition and physical effort to turn fat into muscle. The weight will not change, and the plumpness will disappear. The same applies to those who have a weight below the norm, but the body looks normal, well, except that the muscles are not visible.
Also, if the weight is below normal and looks thin, this is also a lack of muscle mass. This often happens during a period of active growth, when the skeleton grows faster than the muscles. This is normal and will go away on its own if you eat well.
I especially want to note teenagers, boys and girls suffering from "belly". The reason for the appearance of the "belly" is the weakness of the muscles of the peritoneum and malnutrition. As a result, exercise for the abdominal muscles and the establishment of a diet, the use of nutritious and healthy foods, and the consumption of food in small portions help.
Table of changes in the height and weight of a child from 7 to 17 years old (Anthropometric (centile) tables)
In the tables of height and weight, the division of indicators into "low", "medium" and "high" is very conditional.
- Average height and weight should be within the green and blue values (25-75 centiles). This height corresponds to the average height of a person for a specified age. For those who have not yet mastered the concept of STATISTICAL AVERAGE, I tell you that to calculate the average height, data on several million teenagers are taken and the average and other indicators are calculated.
- Growth, the value of which is within the yellow value, is also normal, but indicates a tendency to advance (75-90 centiles) or lag behind (10 centiles) in growth, and may be due to both features and a disease with a hormonal imbalance (more often endocrinological or hereditary). In such cases, it is necessary to draw the attention of the pediatrician.
- Growth, the value of which is in the red zone (97th centile) is outside the normal range. In this situation, it is necessary to consult with the appropriate specialists: pediatrician, therapist, endocrinologist, gastroenterologist, geneticist.
- Boys are looking for their parameters in the table "Height of boys" and "Weight of boys"
And girls - in the table "Height of girls" and "Weight of girls" - First, in the Growth table, we find our age in the left column and in the found line we look for the height corresponding to our age.
If the cell is blue, the average indicator is ideal, if it is green, it is not ideal, but the growth indicator is normal.
If the cell is yellow, it means "there is a tendency to lead or lag" and it would be good to consult an endocrinologist. If red - just need to go to the endocrinologist. - Next, in the Weights table, we find our age in the left column and in the found line we look for the corresponding weight. If the cell is blue, the average indicator is ideal, if it is green, it is not ideal, but the weight indicator is normal.
If the cell is yellow, it means "there is a tendency to lead or lag" and it would be good to consult an endocrinologist. If red, then you need to go to the endocrinologist. - NOT ALL. Now we need to see if the growth indicator corresponds to the weight indicator. And adjust the weight.
1. "I'm 14 years old, my height is 151cm, my weight is 42kg. Is this normal? Seryozha."
In the table "Height: boys" we are looking for a row with the age of "14 years" and in this row we find a value that includes the indicator 151cm. We see that the indicator falls into the yellow zone, which means growth is below the norm.
Further in the table "Weight: boys" in the line corresponding to the age of 14 years, we find the value that includes the indicator 42 kg. We see that the indicator is in the green zone - it means the weight is normal.
Now we pay attention that the growth indicator (low) does not correspond to the weight indicator (medium) - it means either the weight is more than necessary, or in this moment there is a growth spurt and height and weight simply did not have time to come into line. And the second conclusion is much more likely.
2. "Height 148, weight 41. 12 years old. Normal? Marina"
In the table "Height: girls" we are looking for a row with the age of "12 years" and in this row we find a value that includes an indicator of 148 cm. We see that the indicator falls into the blue zone, which means growth is normal.
Further in the table "Weight: girls" in the line corresponding to the age of 12 years, we find the value that includes the indicator 41 kg. We see that the indicator is in the blue zone - it means the weight is normal.
Now we pay attention that the growth indicator corresponds to the weight indicator. Everything is just perfect.
Proper nutrition.
Proper nutrition is the basis for increasing growth. What food increases growth, what food stimulates growth?
Menu :
Breakfast- the main meal of the day. After sleep, the body has the most stretched and relaxed form, and it is very important to do a little exercise before breakfast. In the morning, the body takes in nutrients best. That's what we need.
So, for breakfast, eat only grain products (cereals). This:
- Porridge (buckwheat; oatmeal and "hercules"; barley; corn; millet; rice.) Better with milk. P.S. From porridge do not get fat.
Omelette or boiled eggs are also acceptable for breakfast, but not every day. - Bread (whole grain).
- Tea, cocoa, milk.
Dinner.
In the daily diet should be as much as possible vegetable and protein foods.
- Vegetables and fruits (carrots; peas; beans; beans; nuts; dill; tarragon; savory; basil; marjoram; lettuce; spinach; parsley; celery; onions; rhubarb; corn; bananas; oranges; strawberries; cranberries; blueberries).
On the day, you need to eat at least a kilogram of vegetables and fruits. - Soups and broths (Soups and broths by themselves do not stimulate your growth, but they activate the metabolism in the body, which is important. P.S. Do not add “bouillon cubes” to the soup, because they do not contain anything nutritious or healthy.)
- Meat (Pork, beef, veal, etc., preferably boiled. 1 time in 2 days)
- Dairy products (kefir; cottage cheese; cream; milk; sour cream; cheese)
- Liver, kidneys.
- Fish (preferably boiled. 1 time in 2 days)
- Poultry (Chicken, turkey. Do not eat the skin.)
- Juice (carrot; orange.) or compote.
- Bread (whole grain).
You can't sleep hungry! - Remember that. If you want to increase growth, then an hour or two before bedtime you need to eat well. Here's what to eat in the evening:
- Dairy products (kefir; cottage cheese with honey; cream; milk; sour cream; cheese)
- Eggs (boiled). Every day before bed.
- Fresh fruits and vegetables
The food plan is ready for the near future.
And finally - a recipe for an effective drink to increase growth:
To prepare it, you will need 2 cups (200 ml each) of milk (2.5-3.5%) and one fresh, raw egg (chicken or quail).
One egg is taken for two glasses of milk and the resulting mixture is well shaken with a mixer or blender.
400-500 ml. of this cocktail, drink 3 times a day. The results are excellent.
Proper nutrition will not increase growth without exercise, as well as vice versa. It's proven, it's a fact.
What hinders growth.
Now about that what "slows down" the increase in growth and what to avoid.
1) Alcohol and smoking. Eliminate completely! Even on holidays. Alcohol is the first thing that prevents you from growing, as is smoking (hookah too). If you smoke or drink alcohol, quit this thankless task now.
2) Sugary carbonated drinks (in addition to the fact that they do not contain anything useful, they have added thirst enhancers).
3) Fast food, chips, crackers, etc. and so on. They impair liver function.
… And that's not all.
Food tips for those who want to increase their height.
Let me add a few details about nutrition. It's up to you to accept them or not. But to increase growth, some of the tips below are simply necessary to follow.
1) Take the time to chew your food well.
Chew food slowly and thoroughly. In a quiet environment. Since with careful chewing of food: the gums are strengthened, the load on the heart is reduced, the proper amount of saliva and digestive juices are produced in the stomach, etc.
2) Have a good breakfast in the morning!
We are constantly told that we need a light breakfast in the morning - this is wrong. During breakfast, the stomach is more likely to take in large amounts of food than during the day. If, after sleep, you don’t feel like eating at all, there is bad smell mouth and tongue unnatural color, it says only one thing - you have problems with digestion. Stop eating sandwiches for breakfast and start eating porridge before it's too late. Also, in this case, I recommend switching to two meals a day. Also, make sure Eat more food during breakfast than at other meals.
3) Eating should be regular. Don't skip food.
At least twice a day and no more than four.
The stomach must rest. Therefore, between meals should be at least four hours. This time is needed for your body to absorb all the nutrients from processed food and produce enough gastric juice to digest the next portion.
4) The diet should be varied.
For example, you can’t eat dumplings alone all week. In general, try not to repeat the dish for several days in a row.
5) Avoid: cookies, candy, chips, sodas…
Anything that has little or no nutritional value.
6) Beware of salt intake.
Constant excess daily allowance(3 grams) of salt, can lead to disruption of metabolic processes in the body. In addition, excess salt in the human diet depletes bone tissue. That is, sodium chloride accelerates the excretion of calcium from your body. It is important to remember not only those who want to grow.
7) Eat more raw vegetables and drink plenty of fresh juices.
Vitamins are most well preserved in this form.
8) Drink six to eight glasses (200 ml) of water and/or fruit/vegetable juice daily.
From juices, give preference to: orange, carrot, tomato, grapefruit. Sugarless.
9) drink milk.
Calcium is necessary for the formation of bone tissue and, accordingly, an increase in growth. Which is found in milk.
What kind of milk should you drink?
Goat milk is digested almost immediately after ingestion. This is due to the correct proportions of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. drink raw, goat milk, not worth it. In it, pathogens of various diseases are often found. Need to boil. Cow's milk is not as perfectly digested as goat's, but it can also benefit you.
10) After each meal, you should rest.
Do not start physical work immediately after eating. Optimal rest time after eating: 30-60 minutes.
11) Eat vitamin supplements every day.
Vitamins and minerals are not always found in the food we eat. Therefore, vitamin and mineral complexes are very desirable to add to your diet.
Vitamin and mineral complexes to increase growth
Vitamin-mineral complexes are extremely important, because almost all people living in megacities have a vitamin deficiency. This is because food products grown on our "modern" soils are devoid of many trace elements, and as a result, vitamins! To put it simply, the foods you eat do not contain any growth-promoting substances.
Don't be afraid, there is a way out! Vitamin and mineral complexes. Good alternative. They exist great amount, for various problems (and to increase growth too), but the goal of most of them is the same - to normalize the balance of vitamins and minerals in your body. Which vitamins will help stimulate growth for you, I can’t say, because. all people are different. Below are some of the most popular, best, in my opinion, vitamin and mineral complexes, to date (approximate cost is indicated in brackets).
"Calcemin Advance"
"Calcium sandoz forte"
"Berlamin Modular, Berlin-Chemie"
"Natekal D3"
"ELKAR rr d / ext. acceptance 20%"
"Jodomarin 200, Berlin-Chemie"
These complexes are proven and very helpful in stimulating growth. I don’t advise you to use them at the same time (have pity on your liver), so there are two ways, either try all these drugs in turn, or go to the doctor and pick up a complex with him. Again, people are different and what works for one person may not work for another.
Preparations containing growth hormone.
Modern science makes it possible for those young people whose growth zones have not yet been closed to grow. Basically, methods of hormonal influence on the body, psychological suggestion, nutrition are used. The suggestion of a growth mindset promotes the release of samatotropin, the growth hormone, by the pituitary gland.
The use of hormonal drugs in combination with other measures can change the situation. However, parents do not always want their child to take hormones. In addition, with closed growth zones, when there is no source for bone tissue growth, the use of somatotropin is not only pointless, but can be harmful to the body.
Appeared now medical preparations containing recombinant growth hormone, allow you to add 1-2 cm in height per year. However, they are effective in case of congenital pathology of the pituitary gland and have a number of side effects. Their use can cause acromegaly (enlargement of the hands, ears, nose, etc.), and taking after puberty (after 18-20 years) does not affect growth. Active growth stops after puberty.
How to sleep properly.
Proper, sound and healthy sleep is one of the key conditions for increasing growth, because a person grows in a dream. It is during deep sleep that the body most actively produces growth hormone, which makes you taller and stronger, lengthens and thickens your bones. Actually about the rules of healthy sleep and will be discussed below.
1) You need to sleep in a room where it is dark, quiet and fresh.. Most of us live in megacities where there is a high level of noise, where it is light even at night and the air cannot be called fresh. We are used to all this, but it still affects sleep. Therefore, ear plugs, air conditioning and thick fabric curtains are the first things you need to have for a sound sleep.
2) The sleeping area should be well ventilated. If there is no air conditioning, open the window. Do not be afraid to open the window even in winter. It is better to cover yourself with extra woolen blankets than to breathe in stale air.
3) hard bed will provide comfort to your spine. Too soft bed, on the contrary, will not allow you to get enough sleep. If your bed is too soft, you can put a few sheets of plywood under the mattress.
4) Don't sleep on oversized pillows. Scientists advise sleep without a pillow. Since in this case there is no circulatory disturbance of the spinal cord, and improved cerebral circulation normalizes intracranial pressure. To increase growth and healthy sleep, it is better to sleep on your back, placing a pillow not under your head, but under half-bent knees. This position is not easy to get used to, but the benefits of it are much greater.
5) Nightwear and sheets should be nice and clean. Therefore, make sure that the bed linen pleases you. A sound, healthy sleep and a gray-dirty bed are incompatible concepts, scattered socks and a cozy atmosphere too.
6) Try not to curl up "into a ball" during sleep. Keep your knees close to your chest and your elbows to your knees. This makes it difficult for air to enter the lungs. You need to sleep as straight as possible. Stretched.
7) All the same scientists claim that an adult Six to eight hours of sleep is enough for a human being. However, some people need five hours of sleep per night, while others need ten hours of sleep. During growth or adolescence, the body requires more sleep. So:
At 1-10 years old, it is enough to sleep 10-15 hours;
At 11-15 years old, it is enough to sleep 9-11 hours;
At 16-25 years old, it is enough to sleep 7-9 hours.
8) Drink a glass of water before bed. Warm milk drunk at night will help you fall asleep faster.
Important: DO NOT eat heavy food, smoked, fried, sweet, etc. before going to bed, as well as drink coffee, strong tea, highly carbonated drinks, etc. ! After such a meal, a person’s sleep will definitely not be healthy.
9) For better sleep you need set a fixed hour for going to bed. Time to wash, calm down, forget about all the problems and tune in to rest. To move into a calm state and calm down, complete the following task.
Relaxation and breathing.
Close your eyes and relax. Make sure that every part of your body is completely relaxed. From head to toe. Now a little breathing exercise:
- Inhale slowly and deeply through the nose (10 sec.);
- Hold your breath (3 sec);
- Exhale slowly and completely through your mouth while tightening the abdominal muscles (13 sec.).
Repeat if necessary.
The sound of blood pulsation also helps to relax and fall asleep. Start counting your pulse. This method is much more effective than counting in the mind.
10) In conclusion, I would advise you not to spend the night. Shaolin monks, for example, who are distinguished by their health and strength, follow a strict schedule: 21.00-go to bed, 7.00-wake up. Not a minute later. They found that during this period the body is completely restored.
Height Increase Techniques
Techniques and exercises to increase growth tested and show amazing results! But not 100%. The results largely depend on the nature of the person. Only purposeful and strong-willed people are able to become taller. The results will appear in a few months with daily (!) training.
Berg method.
It has always been believed, and scientists did not tire of repeating this, that a person’s height can only be increased up to 20 years. Recently, this fact has been called into question. This was largely due to Dr. Alexander Berg. He proved that it is possible to grow even after 25 and 30 years. each person has reserves for increasing growth by 6-8 cm. His method for increasing growth is aimed at awakening these reserves. Berg's technique is simple and unique. It has been experienced by many people who want to grow up.
Description: All exercises should be repeated 15-20 times. Classes begin 2 hours after eating. For a full-fledged result, you will need a mat with spikes and exercise equipment.
Answers to popular questions according to Berg's method.
When performing the Berg technique, is it worth being observed by doctors? (surgeon, endocrinologist)
» If the doctor is a good (professional) - then it will not be worse!I would like to increase my height by at least 10 cm. When achieving this goal, can I stop all the exercises or do I need to constantly do it? Will I have growth that won't subside?
» It depends on many factors. From you. In general, if a person can grow by 5 cm or more, then such an increase is usually preserved (and further implementation of the technique is not needed). 2 cm or less is unlikely.For 3 days I became 2 cm taller, but then I stopped exercising and these 2 cm came back. Why?
» You need to borrow constantly (daily), because. the spine sags. No 10-15 workouts will increase height, they will stretch the spine, but they will not change the overall picture.How to perform the exercises described in the Berg method? All of them must be performed at a time, or in stages - first the first complex, after some time - another?
» Start with one complex per day. After the first month, you can gradually increase the duration of the workout and the load.Does the length of the body increase proportionally or only the spine?
» Differently. Depends on the characteristics of the person. At an older age (after 24 years), only the length of the intervertebral discs usually increases.Do not tell me, after a set of these exercises, I also do strength exercises (push-ups, squats, dumbbells, etc.), will this negatively affect the result?
» It is believed that strength exercises inhibit the growth of the bone in length, and increase it in width. In any case, it is better not to perform exercises with a barbell or dumbbells, especially while standing.I still don’t understand, do these exercises only straighten the spine or also promote bone growth?
» Exercise straightens the spine and stimulates bone growth.
Method A.Tranquillitati.
Tranquillitati Alexandra Nikolaevna - Honored Doctor of the RSFSR, a recognized authority in the field of physical therapy. The A. Tranquillitati technique, originally created for people who suffer from pain in the back, neck, head, not only improves health, but also a noticeable increase in growth. “It does this by increasing the length of the disc between the two vertebrae. Some exercises from the technique really make the spine take on unnatural forms. Therefore, I can admit that regular repetition of these exercises can increase the length of the spine or the whole body, ”this is how Alexandra Nikolaevna Tranquillitati explained it.
Description: To begin with, I’ll say that complex simulators, such as Berg’s, are really not needed here. You will need a gymnastic wall (a few sticks attached at a distance of 8 - 10 cm) and a gymnastic board (with small supports to fix on the gymnastic wall). The file with the methodology contains all the drawings of the necessary equipment.
Now a few tips for those who want to increase growth using this technique:
1) The best results will be when training is combined with regular basketball, swimming, tennis, volleyball, football and other sports games.
2) Go to a doctor, under whose supervision, your classes will be most successful. This item is not "for show". A. Tranquillitati exercises can harm some people.
3) You need to train 1.5-2 hours before or after meals. And 1.5-2 hours before bedtime.
4) Gradually increase the load. Start with one workout per day, doing half or a third of all the exercises. In the first 1.5-2 months, the doctor recommends setting the duration of classes to 10-15 minutes, then increasing the number of repetitions, and, accordingly, the time to 50-60 minutes or more.
5) After training, within 3 minutes, you need to take a warm shower.
6) Only daily, hard training will bring you success.
Norbekov's technique.
Mirzakarim Sanakulovich Norbekov is a well-known psychologist, academician, author of the educational and health system. The Norbekov technique is a set of exercises to increase height by building up cartilage between the vertebrae of the spine and by irritating the tubular bones of the legs.
According to the author of the technique M.S. Norbekova: “All patients after 7-8 days of classes note an increase in height from two to ten or more centimeters. Of course, a person does not grow from exercise. It’s just that a person acquires a natural shape and flexibility for him by restoring the elasticity of the intervertebral discs..
The only rule when performing the technique is regularity (minimum - 1 time per day for 1 hour, normally - in the morning and in the evening for 45 minutes).
Some tips for the technique:
- Don't get ahead of things. In the first three or four days, do not draw final conclusions about yourself, your capabilities and this technique.
- Do not talk or be distracted during the exercise.
- Don't overstress. A sign of improper operation is a feeling of heaviness in the head.
- During the exercise, do not doze, drowsiness is unacceptable.
- You can't do it when you're tired and hungry.
- Any excuses for your laziness and passivity are unacceptable.
Exercises by V. A. Lonsky.
Is it possible and how to get taller? Short stature, this is just a malfunction of the hormonal system and most importantly, it can be changed in better side, with the help of exercises for growth zones. This is what we will do with the help of Viktor Alekseevich Lonsky's exercises.
Description:
1) Warm-up run, 10 min.
2) Leg swings (10 times with each leg), tilts (front-back 10 times and left-right 8 times), twine (2 min.), circular motions hands, elbows and hands (10 times). 25 minutes are allotted for the exercises.
3) Exercise on the bar, hang for 2 minutes (4 sets of 30 seconds, 2 of them with heavy weights (up to 10 kg). Additional weight is tied to the legs.)
4) Hang on the bar upside down for 1-2 minutes. Legs and feet are firmly secured with special straps. (4 sets of 20 seconds each, 1 of them with a weighted weight (from 5 kg), press the additional load to the chest)
5) High jumps. Push with all your might, i.e. jump as high as possible. (2 times 12 jumps on each leg, 3 times 12 jumps on two legs.) 10-15 minutes are allotted for the exercise.
6) Climbing up the hill (40 meters) or up and down the stairs. (5 times) When descending, relaxing.
7) 4 times a week, in the evening, you need to stretch yourself with rubber cords. (5-10 min.) Tie one cord to the legs, the second under the armpits. Belts pull in opposite directions.
8) 4 times a week a lesson in the pool. (40 min.) swimming, stretch your arms and legs as much as possible, performing different sips.
9) 3 times a week playing basketball or volleyball (30 minutes each). Play trying to win all the riding balls.
10) Per day, growth exercises take 2 hours (an hour in the morning and an hour in the evening). You need to jump at least 100-200 times a day!
Swimming is a great human growth stimulant.
Swimming - improves breathing (good for the cardiovascular system), expands the chest and shoulders, increases activity. When swimming, all the muscles of the body, one way or another, begin to work, stretching the spine and individual muscles of the body. What you need to increase growth.
Breaststroke - best style swimming to increase height. Breaststroke allows you to expand and increase the muscles and spine due to sweeping movements of the arms and legs in the water. When swimming breaststroke, stretch your arms and legs as much as possible, then completely relax your muscles (you can just lie on the water).
Tables and graphs of weight and height are compiled according to the World Health Organization (WHO).
The growth and weight of the child will be affected by many factors and features. Every child develops differently. However, it is important to monitor and prevent developmental deviations in time. The tables and graphs on our website will help you determine whether the height and weight of the child are within the normal range. In no case should you panic or worry ahead of time. Maybe deviations from the average values are just a feature of development or, for example, heredity. But one way or another, if you do not see positive dynamics, then you should definitely consult with an experienced doctor!
Tables of height and weight allow you to determine whether the child has deviations from the average values. The graphs on our website allow you to visualize the physical development of the child relative to the norm.
Historical background (WHO tables and graphs)
Since the late 1970s, reference development indicators adopted by the National Center for Health Statistics/World Health Organization (NCMS/WHO) have been used.
In 1993-1994, WHO concluded that the reference indicators used did not adequately reflect early childhood development and had many shortcomings. The shortcomings were very serious and this interfered with the optimal management of feeding children. early age. It was necessary to explore new norms of development.
From 1997 to 2003, WHO conducted major developmental surveys to develop new curves for assessing the development of infants and young children. The study is called the Multicentre Growth Reference Study (MGRS). The total number of children studied was 8440. Some of them were excluded from the study due to illness or other complications. Studies were conducted on children in Brazil, Ghana, India, Norway, Oman, USA. Thus, it was possible to collect statistical data from countries with different climates, cultures and other characteristics.
In the course of the study, Standard Indicators of Child Development were adopted:
- body length (height) - age
- body weight (weight) - age
- body weight - body length
- body weight - height
- body mass index (BMI) - age
Here it is worth paying attention to the differences in the concepts of body length and height. Body length was measured in children from birth to 2 years of age in the supine position. Height was measured in children aged 2 to 5 years in a standing position. In the final statistics for children aged 18 to 30 months, both values are taken into account. In our tables and graphs, we use the word "growth" for simplicity.
At the pediatrician's appointment, each baby up to a year is weighed monthly and measured for height. Why is it so important for doctors to know how a child is growing and how much he is gaining weight? What do these parameters say, and what are the anthropometric norms for children of different ages?
Where did the weight and height indicators for children come from and why are they needed?
The anthropometric data of the child is one of the main indicators physical development and health status of children. Significant deviations from the normal values of height and weight in a child almost always indicate the development or presence of certain diseases. So, if a child under one year old with adequate nutrition does not gain weight well, then this may be one of the symptoms of rickets, anemia, immunodeficiency states, diseases of the endocrine or central nervous systems.
A significant growth retardation may indicate a lack of somatotropin growth hormone in the body, and a clear excess weight with normal growth and proper nutrition can talk about disorders in the work of the adrenal glands, thyroid gland, and even the development of a brain tumor.
In order to detect and start treating such formidable diseases in time, doctors carefully monitor the anthropometric indicators of children from birth. Development standards drawn up World Organization Healthcare based on years of research. Beyond Average normative indicator for each age, the limits of the norms were also calculated. Weight and height above this limit is considered high, and below - low. It is for such children that doctors begin to observe especially closely.
WHO table of height and weight for girls under 1 year old
According to the norms, a healthy full-term girl is born with a height of 49.2 cm and weighs 3.200 g. This is the average. The lower limit of the norm for a newborn is a height of 47.3 cm and a weight of 2.800 g, and the upper limit is located at values of 51 cm and 3.700 g, respectively. Values outside the lower and upper limits of the norm are marked as very low or too high. Doctors will observe such a newborn and, possibly, additionally examine it.
During the first month, the newborn should grow by 4.5 cm and gain a kilogram. The lower limits of the norm for a monthly girl will be 51.7 (height in cm) //3.600 (weight in grams), and the upper limits - 55.6 //4.800.
Normal indicators for a two-month-old baby: 57.1 cm and 5.100 gr. The lower limit of the norm is 55//4.500, and the upper limit is 59.1//5.800.
By three months, girls grow to 59.8 cm and weigh 5.900 grams. Low for a three-month-old baby is considered to be less than 57.7//5.200, and high is more than 61.9//6.600.
Average height and weight for a four-month-old girl: 62.1 cm and 6.400 gr. The lower limits of the norm are 59.9//5.700, the upper frames are 64.3//7.300.
By five months, girls should grow to 64 cm and weigh 6.900 grams. Low rates - parameters less than 61.8//6.100. Indicators 66.3 // 7.800 are the upper limits of the norm for a five-month-old girl.
The age of 6 months is considered an important milestone in a child's development. A six-month-old girl should grow to 65.7 cm and weigh 7.300 g. The lower limit is 63.5//6.500, and the upper limit is 68//8.300.
A seven-month-old baby grows to 67.3 cm and weighs 7.600 grams. Scores below 65// 6.800 are considered low, while scores above 69.6 //8.600 are considered high.
At eight months, the norms are: height - 68.83 cm, and 8 kg - weight. The lower limits of the norm: 66.4//7000, and the upper ones - 71.1//9000.
By nine months, growth should be 70.1 cm, and the baby should weigh 8.200 grams. Low values at this age are values less than 67.7//7.300, and high values are more than 72.6//9.300.
A ten-month-old baby, according to the norms, should be 71.5 cm tall and weigh 8.500 grams. The lower limits of the norm for ten months are 69//7.500, and the upper frames: 74//9.600.
By eleven months, a normal girl grows to 72.8 cm and weighs 8.700 grams. Indicators less than 70.3//7.700 are considered low. High will be indicators exceeding 75.3//9.900.
By the year, according to the norms, girls should grow up to 74 cm and weigh 9,000 grams. The parameters 71.4 //7.900 are considered the lower limit of the norm, and 76.6 //10.100 are considered the upper limit.
WHO table height and weightfor boys up to 1 year
The norms for boys are different from the norms for girls, as boys are usually born slightly larger. So, a healthy full-term newborn boy is usually born with a weight of 3.300 grams and a height of 49.9 cm. These figures are considered normal. The lower limit of the norm for a newborn is a height of 48 cm and a weight of 2.900 g, and the upper limit is at 51.75 cm and 3.900 g, respectively.
For the first month, the baby should grow by 4.8 cm, and gain 1200 gr. The lower limits for a monthly boy will be 52.8 (height in cm) // 3.900 (weight in grams), and the upper limits - 56.7 // 5.100.
Normal indicators for a two-month-old peanut: 58.4 cm and 5.600 gr. The lower limit of the norm: 56.4 // 4.900, and the upper - 60.4 // 6.300.
By three months, boys grow to 61.4 cm and weigh 6,400 grams. Low readings will be below 59.4// 5.700, and high readings above 63.5// 7.200.
Average height and weight for a four-month-old boy: 63.9 cm and 7000 gr. The lower frames of the norm are 61.8 // 6.300, the upper frames are 66 // 7.800.
By the age of five months, the boy should grow to 65.9 cm and weigh 6.900 grams. Low rates - parameters less than 63.8// 6.100. Indicators 68 //7.800 are the upper limits of the norm for a five-month-old baby.
By six months, the baby should grow to 67.6 cm and weigh 7.900 grams. The lower limit is 65.5//7.100, and the upper limit is 69.8//8.900.
A seven-month-old boy grows to 69.2 cm and weighs 8.300 grams. Below 67// 7.400 will be considered low, and above 71.3 //9.300 will be considered high.
At eight months, the average indicators for a boy are: height - 70.65 cm, and 8.600 g - weight. The lower limits of the norm: 68.45//7.700, and the upper ones -72.85//9.600.
By nine months, the baby should be 72 cm tall and weigh 8,900 grams. Low values will be less than 69.65// 8.000, and high values will be more than 74.3//9.900.
A ten-month-old boy should normally be 73.3 cm tall and weigh 9.200 grams. The lower limits of the norm at this age are 71//8.200, and the upper limits: 76//10.200.
By eleven months, the normal baby grows to 74.5 cm and weighs 9.400 grams. Indicators less than 72.2//8.400 are considered low. High will be indicators exceeding 76.8//10.500.
In a year, according to the norms, boys should grow up to 75.8 cm and weigh 9.700 grams. The parameters 73.5 //8.700 are considered the lower limit of the norm, and the upper limit: 78//10.800.
Growth and weight table for girls from 1 to 10 years old
The growth of children begins to slow down as soon as the babies turn one year old, therefore, for children from one to three years old, the norms are no longer determined monthly, but every three months. For children from 3 to 7 years old - once every six months, and for children aged from seven to ten years - the norms change once a year.
By the age of one and three months, a girl should normally grow to 77.5 cm and weigh 9.600 grams. The lower limits of the norm: 74.83 (height in centimeters) and 8.500 (weight in grams), the upper limits: 80.3 / / 10.900.
The next breakpoint is defined for an age of one year and six months. Norm: 80.65//10.200. Lower limit: 77.7//9.100. Upper: 83.5//11.600.
In a year and nine months, the norms for girls are 83.65 / / 10.900. Lower limit of normal: 80.6//9.600. Upper limit: 86.7//12.300.
By the age of two, girls normally grow to 86.4 cm and weigh 11,500 grams. The lower limit of the norm: 83.2//10.200. Upper limit: 89.6//13.000.
Average height and weight for babies aged 2 years 3 months: 88.3 / 12.100. Lower limit: 84.8//10.700. Upper limit: 91.7//13.700.
Girls at 2.5 years old should grow to 90.7 cm and weigh 12.700 grams. The lower limit of the norm: 86.9//11.200. Upper frames: 94.3//weight 14.400.
At 2.9 years, the average values are: 92.9 / / 13.300. Lower bounds: 89.3//11.700, upper bounds: 96.6//weight 15.100.
The growth of three-year-olds should be 95 cm, and weight - 13.900 gr. Data less than 91.3//12.200 is considered low, while values above 98.8//15.800 are high.
At 3.5 years old, the standards for a girl are: 99//15.000. The lower limit is 95//13.100 and the upper limit is 103.1//17.200.
Average height and weight for a four-year-old girl: 102.6//16.100. The lower limits of the norm: 98.4//14.000, and the upper height and weight: 107.1//18.500.
At 4.5 years old, the standards for a girl: 106.2 / / 17.200. The lower limits are 101.6//14.900 and the upper limits are 110.7//19.900.
Average height and weight for a five-year-old girl: 109.4//18.200. The lower limits of the norm: 104.7//15.800, and the upper ones: 114.2//21.200.
At 5.5 years old, girls should grow to 112.2 cm and weigh 19,000 grams. Parameters less than 107.2//16.600 are considered low, while parameters greater than 117.1//22.200 are considered high.
Standards for six-year-olds: 115.1//20.200. Lower limits: 110//17.500. Upper - 120.2//23.500.
By the age of 6.5, girls grow up to 118 cm and weigh 21.200 grams. The lower limits at 6.5 years are 112.7//18.300, and the upper ones are 123.3// weight 24.900.
Average height and weight for seven-year-old girls: 120.8 and 23,000. Lower limits: 115.3//21.300, upper limits: 126.3//26.300.
In children older than seven years of age, anthropometric indicators are monitored once a year. Standards for eight-year-old girls - 126.6//25.000. The lower limit for eight-year-olds will be 120.8 and 21.400. The upper limit is 132.4//30.000.
Norms for nine-year-olds: 132.45//28.200. Lower limits: 132.5 and 27.900, upper - 138.6 / / weight 34.000.
A ten-year-old girl, on average, should have a height of 138.55 cm and a weight of 31.900 grams. Data less than 132.2//27.100 are considered low, while values above 145//38.200 are considered high.
Table of height and weight for boys from 1 to 10 years
Boys at 1.3 years old should reach the parameters 80//10.400. Lower normal value: 76.55 (height in centimeters) and 9.200 (weight in grams), upper frames: 82//11.500.
The next milestone is a year and six months. The standard for the year and six is 82.3//10.900. From the border: 79.6//9.800. To: 85//12.200.
At 1.9 years old, the standards for boys are 85.2//11.500. From the border: 82.4//10.300. To: 88//12.900.
By the age of two years, normal peanuts reach 88//12.200. From the border: 84.4//10.800. Up to 90.5//13.600.
The standard for a baby at 2.3 years: 89.6 / / 12.700. From: 86.5//11.300, to: 92.8//14.300.
By 2.5 years old, the little one should grow to 91.9 cm and weigh 13.300 grams. Lower frames for this age: 88.5//11.800. Upper frames: 95.4//15.000.
At the age of 2.9 years, the standards are - 94.1 / 13.800. Lower limits 91//12.300, upper limits 97.6//15.600.
The height of boys at 3 years old should be 96.1 cm, weight - 14.300 gr. Scores under 92.4//12.700 will be rated as low, and scores over 100//16.200 as high.
At 3.5 years old, the norm for boys: 99.9 / / 15.300. From the border: 95.9//13.600, to: 103.8//17.400.
Average height and weight for a four year old boy: 103.3//16.300. From the border: 99.1//14.400, to: 107.5//18.600.
At 4.5 years old, the boy's height reaches 107 cm, and the normal weight should be 17.300 g. The lower bar of the norm: 102.25//15.200, and the upper one: 111.1//19.900.
Standards for boys at 5 years old: 110//18.300. From bar in: 105.3//16.000 cm, to: 114.6 and 21.000.
By the age of 5.5, the standards for boys are -113//19.400. For 5.5 years, indicators less than 108.2//17.000 are considered low, and more than 117.7//22.200 are considered high.
Average height and weight for six-year-olds: 116/20.500. Bottom bar: 111//18.000. Upper: 120.9//23.500.
By the age of 6.5, boys reach the parameters 119//21.700. The lower limits for this age are 113.8//19.000, and the upper ones are 124//24.900.
Norms for seven-year-old boys: 121.8 / / 22.900. From plank in: 116.4//20.000 cm to: 127//26.400 cm.
By the age of eight, the guys grow up to 127.3 cm and have a weight of 25.400 grams. The lower bar of the norm for eight-year-olds will be 121.5 / / 22.100. Upper - 132.8//29.500.
Average height and weight for nine-year-olds: 132.6 / 28.100. Lower limits: 126.6//2.300, upper limits - 138.6//33.000.
At the age of 10, boys should normally reach the parameters 137.8//31.200. Numbers below 131.4 and 26.700 are considered low, while numbers above 144.2//37.000 are high.
Table of height and weight for teenage girls
In adolescents, anthropometric data are monitored once a year. For an eleven-year-old girl, the averages are 144.5 (height in centimeters) / / 34.4 (weight in kilograms). Parameters less than 136.2//27.8 are considered the lower normative limits, and parameters more than 153.2//44.6 are considered the upper ones.
Average height and weight for a twelve year old: 150//40.7. Lower limit of the norm: 142.2//31.8, upper: 162.2//51.8.
A thirteen-year-old girl normally has the following indicators: 155.8//44.3. Lower data bar: 148.3//38.7, upper: 163.7//59.
At the age of 14, the average data for a girl: 159.5 / / 53.1. The lower limits of the norm: 152.6//43.8, upper: 167.2//64.
By the age of fifteen, the average height of girls reaches 161.6 cm, and the average weight is 55.5 kg. Lower limit of data: 154.4//46.8, upper: 169.2//66.5.
Average height and weight for sixteen-year-old girls: 162.4 / / 56.5. Lower limit: 155.2//48.4, upper - 170.2//67.6.
For girls at the age of 17, the standard is 163.9//61. Lower limit: 155.8//52.8, upper: 170.5//68.
Table of height and weight for teenage boys
Boys between the ages of 10 and 14 years are slightly behind girls in growth, this is normal, since hormonal changes in boys begin a little later than in girls. But after fourteen years, guys begin to grow more intensively than girls, and by the age of 15 they overtake them in terms of growth.
In adolescence, anthropometric indicators significantly depend on genetic predisposition, therefore, when monitoring the physical development of adolescents, it is recommended to focus not so much on the average, but on the limits of the norm indicated for each age and on the child's heredity. So, if the father of a young man has a height of 190 cm, then the height of 182 cm of the teenager himself at the age of 15 can be considered the norm in this case.
For an 11-year-old boy, the average figures are: 143.5 (height in centimeters) / / 35.5 (weight in kilograms). Parameters less than 134.5//28 are the lower limits of the norm, and parameters greater than 153//44.9 are the upper limits.
Average height and weight for twelve year old: 149//39.8. From the border: 140//30.7, to: 159.6//50.6.
A thirteen-year-old teenager normally has the following indicators: 155.5//44.3. From the border: 145.7//33.9, to: 166//59.
At the age of 14, the average indicators are 161.9//49.7. From the border: 152.3//38, to: 172//63.4.
By the age of fifteen, the average height of the guys is 168 cm, and the weight is 55.5 kg. From the border: 158.6//43, to: 177.6//70.
Average height and weight for sixteen-year-old boys: 172.3 / / 66.9. From the border: 163.2//48.4, to 182//76.5.
At seventeen, the average height and weight are 176.6 / / 66.9. From the border: 166.7//54.6, to: 186//80.1.
Video "The height and weight of the child, Dr. Komarovsky"
For a newborn baby after the first cry, important indicators of its development are height and weight. At different stages of life, a child experiences growth spurts and, conversely, recessions. But the most significant is the first year, when the baby grows most intensively, and already during this period one can judge the state of his health.
Height as the main indicator of a child's physical health
Height and weight are standard indicators that indicate the correct development of the baby. They are fixed immediately after birth and their increase is monitored throughout the life of the child. Weight is an indicator, rather, of the harmonious development of the baby. But growth reflects the level of physical development.
Further, it is the rate of increase in body length that makes it possible to find deviations in the health of the child. Identified violations, such as growth retardation, inharmonious ratio of length and body weight, are often the first symptoms of a chronic disease. In order to detect the onset of the disease in time and ensure timely treatment, it is important to monitor growth rates.
Growth of children at 1 year
As a rule, at birth it is from 46 to 56 cm. In the first year of life, a certain pattern is observed in an increase in the length of his body. Growth rates by months are presented in the table.
Increase in height per month, cm | General increase in height, cm |
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The table shows that in the first 12 months of his life, the child gains about 25 cm. This is the maximum possible jump in such a short time. Further, such a rapid increase in body length can be observed only during puberty.
in the first year of life
To monitor whether the child is developing correctly, pediatricians and parents are helped by special norms established. The last time the standard indicators were revised in 2006. WHO norms for boys and girls are developed separately, which is associated with the peculiarities of their development.
Age in months | Height of a child at 1 year (cm). boys |
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Within normal limits | |||
The presented data provide comprehensive information about the development of boys. The difference in body length in children of different sexes is noticeable when reading the following table.
Age in months | Height of children at 1 year (cm). Girls |
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Within normal limits | |||
As the data in the tables show, boys are born slightly taller than girls. This pattern persists until puberty. During this period, girls are overtaken in growth. In the future, the pattern is restored: men, as a rule, are taller than women.
How fast does a child grow after one year?
The child grows rapidly only in the first year of his life. Further, the rate of increase in the length of his body slows down. The growth of a child after 1 year will not increase so quickly, and sometimes in jumps: 5-6 years old, girls 11-13 years old, boys 13-15 years old.
A little more persists after the first birthday, but then gradually decreases until puberty. For example, the height of a child of 1.5 years compared to one year old baby more by 6 cm, up to 2 years it increases by the same amount. Then, up to 3 years, children become 6 cm taller. Further, for some children, the body length will increase in a certain pattern or in leaps and bounds. On average, before the start, children will add 4-6 cm per year.
What determines the growth of a child?
The baby is influenced by certain factors. Some of them are permanent and cannot be adjusted, such as heredity. Others are related to variables. With the right approach and timely assistance, it is possible to ensure the harmonious growth of the child in the future.
The leading factors that affect the increase in the length of the baby's body:
- heredity;
- nutrition;
- health status;
- place of residence, nationality.
At the same time, the growth of children at 1 year is more dependent on nutrition. Nutritional deficiencies are main reason developmental delays in the child. This applies to both the length of the body and the weight of the baby. At breastfeeding measures should be taken to increase the amount of milk, otherwise supplement with mixtures.
Growth disorders in children
Failures in the rate of increase in the length of the child's body are associated with insufficiency. This problem can be treated by an endocrinologist. But there are diseases associated with disorders in genetic cells. As a result, there are diseases that cannot be treated: gigantism and dwarfism.
In the first case, the child's body produces an excess amount of growth hormone, in the second - insufficient. The growth of children at 1 year is added in accordance with the norms, and then failures are detected. With gigantism, they are already visible at the age of 5 years, with dwarfism - about two years.
Timely diagnostics allows assessing the level of physical development and taking measures to eliminate the identified diseases. If in the second year of life the child will add less than 5 cm per year, then it is worth sounding the alarm and taking appropriate measures.
Parents should not worry if the indicators of increase in height and weight by months deviate somewhat from the norm. Each child is an individual, assessing the state of his health as a whole, it is important to take into account not only the data of the tables, but also certain factors that affect the increase in the length of the baby's body.
