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What are membrane materials. Membrane fabric: types, properties

(in everyday speech sometimes called simply membrane ) - a type of fabric that, due to its special structure, has water-repellent or windproof properties and at the same time passes water vapor through itself.

Membrane fabric consists of several layers: upper wear-resistant layer, lower soft layer. And between them are several protective layers of fabric and membrane .

The first industrial membrane fabric was gore-tex, designed for use in space by Rowena Taylor, Wilbert L. Gore and his son Robert W. Gore. It was originally protected by a patent, but after the patent expired, other types of fabrics with similar properties appeared on the market.

Membrane fabric has found wide application in tourist products: it is used to sew jackets , trousers, do shoes. The reason for the success of this type of fabric is that the membrane fabric allows you to stay dry in the rain, while the body does not rot due to lack of air.

What is a membrane?

The membrane is either the thinnest film that is laminated (welded or glued using a special technology) to the upper fabric, or a special impregnation that is rigidly applied to the fabric in a hot way during production. On the inside, the film or impregnation can be protected by another layer of fabric.

This is a fabric that has windproof and / or waterproof properties, while the normalized pore size of the membrane allows the material to effectively pass the evaporation of the human body (breathe). The opposite of it is the so-called. "Oilcloth", that is, absolutely non-breathable fabric with a polyurethane (PU) coating, commonly used in the manufacture of tents and awnings.

Membrane fabric is used in the top layer of clothing, protecting the lower layers of clothing from getting wet. The structure of the membrane fabric allows your skin to breathe and sweat out. The higher the technical characteristics of the membrane fabric, the stronger and lighter it is.
Double layer fabric- this is the outer layer of the fabric, to which the wrong side is applied in a special way membrane. This fabric in products is always used with a lining, because. the lining provides adequate protection to the membrane from clogging and mechanical damage.
The three-layer fabric looks like a fabric with a fine mesh from the inside. This is the top fabric membrane+ knitted mesh, glued into one structure using a special lamination technology. Knitted mesh protects the membrane from mechanical damage and clogging.
"Two-and-a-half" - layered membrane fabric is a material developed using a new technology. This is a two-layer membrane fabric, covered from the inside with a protective layer (foamed protective application in the form of pimples), which performs the functions of the third layer, i.e. the protection of the membrane. Cloth from such a fabric it turns out to be as light as possible and it does not need a lining, and the weight of the protection is much less than that of three-layer materials.

In the production of modern high-tech clothing, membrane materials based on expanded polytetrafluoroethylene. By physical deformation of Teflon, a thin porous film is obtained, which is applied to fabrics and used in tailoring.

Theoretically, such a fabric will allow you to stay dry in the rain, but at the same time the body will not sweat due to lack of air. Membrane fabrics are widely used in outdoor activities, because they are, unlike conventional waterproof fabrics (with PU coating).

In clothes made of membrane fabric in any weather, except for the hottest humid, you can walk without feeling discomfort. The technical characteristics of membrane fabrics are compared in accordance with the properties mentioned: which material breathes better, which is stronger, etc. "Breathing" depends on the vapor permeability of the membrane (measured in g / m2 for 24 hours) - the greater the permeability of water vapor, the better material"breathes". What is the working principle of membranes? They have a chemical structure in the form of a film with pores several thousand times smaller than a water drop, but larger than an H2O molecule. Therefore, a drop simply does not pass through them. This ensures water resistance. But water vapor molecules pass through the pores freely. When sweat appears (during hard work), there is a difference in the partial pressure of water vapor under the jacket and outside. This is the driving force for the removal of the steam that is brought out. Such membranes are called microporous.

The technical characteristics of membrane fabrics are compared in accordance with the properties mentioned: which material breathes better, which is stronger, etc. Waterproof is determined by the pressure of the water column, which a fabric with a membrane applied to its surface can withstand for a certain time - the more it can withstand, the better. In a jacket that "holds" more than 6000 mm, you can walk in the rain (8000 mm - you can safely work in the rain, 10000 mm - jacket waterproof).

In order for microporous membranes to last longer, it is necessary to wash clothes with special detergents. In garments using this type of membrane, the top layer of the fabric itself must have good water repellency. This is due to the fact that if the upper fabric gets very wet, membrane will pass water (due to the fact that inside the fibers of the upper material is much weaker than the surface tension force and a drop of water as such is not formed). Therefore, it is necessary to restore the water-repellent properties of the fabric. In addition, no membrane will "breathe" if there is a continuous water film or a layer of ice on the surface of the fabric. Therefore, restoring the water repellency of the upper material is important for all types of membrane materials.

STRUCTURE OF THE MEMBRANE FABRIC:

The pore size of the membrane does not exceed the size of water molecules, which eliminates the leakage of water inside, due to the fact that the pores are 20 thousand times smaller than a drop and 700 times larger than a water molecule.

In the form of a vapor, molecules that are not bound by surface tension in the gaseous state easily pass through the membrane.

The tunnel-like structure of the pores breaks the air flow into micro-vortices and is an obstacle to the wind (approximately like a dense bush), without interfering with single molecules of water vapor (or gas, if you like).

Classification

The world classification allows us to divide all membrane tissues into several classes:

Categories of membranes by structure

According to the structure of the membrane, tissues are divided according to the principle which is used: non-porous, porous and combined.

Poreless membranes work on the principle of osmosis. The system is as follows: vapors enter the inner part of the membrane, settle on it and, through active diffusion, quickly pass to the outer side of the membrane. (Again, only if there is a driving force - a difference in the partial pressures of water vapor). What are the advantages of non-porous membranes? They are mega durable, do not require careful maintenance, and work properly in a wide temperature range. Such membranes are usually used in top (expensive and most functional) products. What are the disadvantages? At first, it may seem that the products get wet, but these are just the same fumes that accumulate on the inside of the product. That is, they begin to breathe more slowly, but advanced non-porous membranes, “opening up”, sometimes surpass porous ones in terms of breathing properties.

Pore membranes- these are, roughly speaking, membranes that work according to the following principle: water drops that fall on the membrane tissue from the outside cannot pass through the pores of the membrane inside, since these pores are too small. Vapor molecules produced when you sweat from the inside of the membrane tissue are freely expelled through the pores of the membrane (since a vapor molecule is thousands of times smaller than a drop of water, it can freely penetrate through the pores of the membrane). As a result, we get water resistance membrane fabric on the outside of the product and breathable (steam-removing) properties from the inside of the product. What are the advantages of porous membranes? They “quickly” start to breathe, i.e. they remove vapors as soon as you start to sweat (provided that there is a difference in the partial pressures of water vapor inside and outside jackets. That is, when there is a driving force). What are the disadvantages? This membrane "dies" rather quickly, i.e. loses its properties. The pores of the membrane are clogged, which greatly reduces the breathing properties. Incorrect washing jacket may start to leak. This disadvantage can be especially strong if you are not a particular fan of taking care of your things (use special DWR sprays, detergents for membrane fabrics, etc.).

Membrane combination– the upper fabric is covered on the inside with a porous membrane, and on top of the porous membrane there is still a thin coating (i.e. a non-porous polyurethane membrane film). This magical fabric has all the advantages of porous and non-porous membranes while avoiding the disadvantages. But for high tech have to pay dearly. Very few companies use this membrane in their products ...

By design, membrane fabrics are divided into: two-layer, three-layer and the so-called "two-and-a-half"-layer.

A two-layer fabric is a top fabric, to which a membrane is applied (in a special way) from the wrong side (in the figure it is white, but it can also be transparent or with some other pigment). This fabric in products is always used with a lining, because. the lining provides adequate protection to the membrane from clogging and mechanical damage.

The three-layer fabric looks like a fabric with a fine mesh from the inside. In fact, it is a top fabric + membrane + knitted mesh, glued into one structure using a special lamination technology. Why do you need a knitted mesh from the inside out? It protects the membrane from both mechanical damage and clogging. And, most importantly, in three-layer products, the use of a lining is eliminated. As a result, we have: mega light fabric + mobility + small volume of the product and maximum functionality. But, this is not at all small money ... However, to whom it is like, but to some people, comfort is most important in the first place, and such people, in Lately, is getting bigger and bigger. The domestic snowboarder is getting wiser... And growing stronger with his wallet.

"Two-and-a-half" ply membrane tissue is new on the market. Usually, this is an ordinary two-layer membrane fabric, covered from the inside with a semblance of a protective coating (foamed protective coating in the form of pimples, or knitted pimples, etc.), designed to perform the function of the third layer, i.e. membrane protection. But such jackets are obtained as light as possible - no lining is needed, and the weight of protection is much less than that of three-layer materials.

Classification of membranes by purpose:

Windproof membranes

Typically applied to thin fleece fabrics, they provide a combination of warmth, breathability and wind resistance. Unlike ordinary fleece, this fabric holds the wind well and warms even when wet, and dries very quickly under active loads. The fabric can be treated with a water-repellent treatment to withstand light rain. - the most widely used windproof membrane. The membrane is not very expensive, withstands many washes. This fabric is the best option for demi-season cycling clothing: cycling pants, gloves, strip on the ears.

Representatives:

Advantages:

Not purged
Warm even when wet
dry quickly
Allow for high physical activity
High durability
low price

Flaws:

Poor protection from rain.

Wind and waterproof membranes

Used in tourist jackets, trousers, shoes, and other accessories. Provide waterproof and windproof fabric, while maintaining breathable properties. To work well, such a membrane must be coated with a water-repellent impregnation so that water collects in droplets and rolls off, and does not block the pores.

Representatives:

Advantages:

Not purged
Do not get wet
Allow for high physical activity

Flaws:

High price
Degrade over time
They don't like laundry

About taping seams

Taped seams keep moisture out of the seams and keep you dry and comfortable as a result.

Let's talk about seams first. three-layer products. In these products, the seams must, I repeat, everything must be glued! This is the standard recognized by all manufacturers! Usually, you can find out about this by reading the inscription on the product tag: “all seams are sealed”, which means “all seams are sealed” in English. But, anyway, look carefully and check whether all the seams on the three-layer product are taped. I would like to note that some, especially relaxed firms, sin by the lack of gluing of some seams in products made of three-layer fabric, which is a shame and a huge shortcoming. The next condition regarding three-layer clothing is the minimum number of seams. The more seams, the more weight, the more knots for gluing, the less mobile the product. In three-layer products, all these parameters are extremely important, because. the price of these products is quite high and it is understood that the products are the most high-tech.

Currently, most brands use waterproof dry zippers in their three-layer products. The use of dry zipp eliminates the need for flaps or flaps on pockets and ventilation, again saving weight and improving portability. In good products, at the top of dry zip zippers there are so-called zipp garage (protection of the lock in the zipper - “garage” for the lock). In the absence of such a “feature”, water will enter the product through a small hole at the top of the zipper.

Cloth from two-layer membranes. Regarding the seams: the inscription "all seams are sealed" means that all seams in this product are taped. If the label says “critical seam sealing”, this means that only the main seams are taped in the product, which may or may not result in leakage in some places. It is worth noting that in products positioned by the brand as semi-rollable or semi-urban, this option is very acceptable (usually these are products with insulation). Here, each buyer is free to choose what he wants and what suits him personally. If you spend a lot of time just hanging out with friends on the slopes, then for sure things with not fully taped seams and insulation will suit you. How glued seams look in two-layer clothing can be seen in the photo.

About manufacturers of membrane fabric

Usually in top, three-layer or two-layer things, worthy brands use membrane fabrics from companies such as W.L. Gore and Associates, Inc. ( USA) (Gore-tex, Gore-tex XCR, etc.), Toray ( Japan ) (Dermizax, Entrant HB), Event ( USA, manufactured in Japan), Unitika (Japan). These are leaders in the field of technologies for the production of membrane fabrics. Notice the high-tech countries!

Approximate figures

Waterproof high-end fabrics are usually not less than 20.000mm water column, and the breathability is not less than 8.000g/m?/24 hours. Mid-level membranes usually have specifications of 8.000mm/5.000g/m²/24 hours or so. The baseline is usually 3.000mm/3000g/m²/24hrs, although in this type of fabric, insufficient membrane performance can be well combined with the presence of a large number of vents to regulate the temperature inside the product.

Water repellent finish - DWR

Look - the droplets on the fabric are not absorbed, but lie on the fabric, rolling into balls! This DWR(Durable Water Reppelence) a coating that does not allow water to pass even through the top layer of the fabric (that is, to be absorbed into it). On fabric with DWR coated with water, rolls into balls and rolls easily. DWR By the way, the thing is not durable, and eventually disappears (washed off), and wet spots appear on the fabric (in contact with water). This does not mean at all that the product gets wet, since it will not let water through anyway, but some discomfort may be present. The resulting layer of water on top will not allow the membrane to work, no matter how steep it is. In addition, in porous membranes, in this case, it is possible for water to pass through the membrane. To avoid dying DWR you will be helped by specially developed products with this same DWR coating ( NIKWAX, for example), sold in extreme clothing stores.

About fabric texture

Rip Stop- usually used for top, expensive clothes. This is the name of the method of weaving fabric, which in its structure resembles a grid or honeycomb. That is, both thin and thick threads are used in this texture, which makes it possible to produce a durable and, at the same time, lightweight material.

Twill weaving also often used in snowboard clothing. This is a smooth material that is pleasant to the touch (see photo of the previous section), which has excellent strength characteristics. In the last couple of years, many, especially advanced brands, began to present jeans (Denim) with a membrane in their collections.

Types of membrane tissues

SOME TECHNOLOGIES OF PRODUCTION OF MEMBRANE FABRICS.

Omni-Tech Mini-Faille FD Ceramic
A technology in which the inner surface of the fabric (durable, textured, with a matte shade of 100% nylon) a layer of microporous polyurethane is applied, into which ceramic particles are embedded, giving strength to the fabric and being additional micropores, too small for moisture to penetrate from the outside through them, and large enough to let moisture vapor pass from the body to the outside. Water permeability 11900 mm, fabric breathability 8400 gr/sq.m./24h.
Omni-Tech Storm Dry Coating
A fabric with a matte microporous polyurethane nylon backing and a waterproof coating on the inside of the fabric. Water resistance 5500mm, fabric breathability 5700 gr/sq.m./24h.
Scholler-Comfort-Temp
This technology provides special pads on the inside of the jackets, consisting of wax microcells and regulating the temperature microclimate for the body.
Sympatex Transactive
This technology provides an increased level of comfort for people involved in active sports. A completely new system of membrane tissues, consisting of a membrane Sympatex and a water-repellent layer, eliminates sweat not only in the form of fumes, but also in the form of moisture. Due to its structure, devoid of pores Sympatex Transactive ensures that skin breathing is not obstructed by impurities, salt crystals, particles detergents and other external factors.
Sympatex professional
Tightly joined seams provide 100% water resistance. Extreme climatic conditions in winter require maximum functionality and efficiency. This is achieved thanks to two- and three-layer materials tightly connected to each other so that they provide 100% water resistance .
Pontetorto Dryfast
Technology against smell and moisture. Exceptionally light knit that allows you to quickly remove sweat to the outside, thanks to the capillary properties of the material. Keeps the body dry. An antibacterial material that has also been treated with a special disinfectant technology and as a result permanently neutralizes the bacteria that cause odor.
Schoeller Stretch, Schoeller WB400
Stretchy, windproof and comfortable to wear. Elastic three-layer material Schoeller WB400 is three fabrics in one. The outer layer, made of elastic and synthetic fibers, guarantees complete freedom of movement and protection against dirt. The waterproof second layer allows sweat to evaporate. And a dense, voluminous, brushed inner layer that traps heat in for a comfortable fit.
In clothes made of membrane fabric in any weather, except for the hottest humid, you can walk or run, climb rocks, ski and not feel discomfort. In Soviet times, climbers and tourists had to wear canvas windbreakers, which quickly got wet and were quite heavy compared to modern membrane jackets. In the 70s, when Russian climbers came to their American colleagues, they presented the guests with a tent with awning membrane gore-tex. Russian climbers then could not believe for a long time: how can it be that in heavy rain awning does not get wet, but the steam from the pot boiling on the stove evaporates freely through the awning of the tent?! Membrane fabrics are compared in accordance with the mentioned properties: which material “breathes” better, which one is stronger, etc. Water resistance is determined by the pressure of the water column, which a fabric with a membrane can withstand for a certain time: the more it can withstand, the better. In a jacket that “holds” more than 6000 mm, you can spend some time in the rain, 8000 mm - you can safely work in the rain, 10000 mm - jacket waterproof.
"Breathing" depends on the vapor permeability of the membrane (measured in g / m2 for 24 hours) - the greater the permeability of water vapor, the better the material "breathes". Often there is a mistake in the selection when buying due to the fact that different membranes have been tested differently. Let's assume that two firms in advertising materials on their fabrics indicate the water vapor permeability of 5000 g/m2. But one was kept over a flask of boiling water, and the other at a water temperature of 36.6°C. It is clear that the results will be different, and that the fabrics "breathe" differently. In Europe, ISO 811 tests are considered generally accepted (for water resistance), ISO 9237 (for wind resistance) and ISO 11092 (for vapor permeability). However, American, English (BS7209 WVP Index) and other European tests differ greatly from each other.

SOME TYPES OF FABRICS AND MEMBRANE-BASED FABRICS

Aerolite I: Polyester microfibre fabric, water-repellent and breathable, soft to the touch and not rustling.
ATX: Breathable membrane.
AWT OSMO-CERAMIC: This membrane has high waterproof and breathable properties that are maintained at all temperatures typical of mountain conditions. In addition, this coating has the ability to actively remove moisture that accumulates on the inner surface of the fabric, thus significantly reducing dangerous condensation during intensive work of the skier and large temperature changes. The ceramic component of the coating has the ability to convert ultraviolet radiation into infrared heat, thereby increasing the thermal capabilities of the product by +3 C.
Berber: 100% polyester material. It dries quickly, has high functionality, while it is a lightweight material with high thermal insulation.
Bergundtal Cloth: The fabric is formed by weaving Taslan nylon in one direction and plain nylon in the other. The durable fabric base has a water-repellent outer coating and a polyurethane coating on the inner surface for additional protection from harsh climatic conditions.
Boucle Ricciolo: Fabric composed of wool and polyamide.
Channel Ridge Faille: A fabric made from taslan nylon with an irregular weave that adds strength and durability. The fabric has a water-repellent coating on the outside, and a polyurethane coating on the inside for additional protection.
Clarino Grip: Durable, non-slip silicone coated material. Used in the manufacture of gloves.
Climatec: An acrylic coating that is waterproof and breathable.
Comfort Control: Synthetic material used for the production of underwear. The capillary properties of which ensure the removal of moisture from the surface of the body, the Teflon coating provides maximum resistance to water. The fabric is UV protected. The material has the property of windproofing due to the dense internal weave of the fibers, while the ability to pass air is not reduced. The fabric dries quickly, well tolerates washing and dry cleaning.
Coolmax: New high-tech fiber. Maintains natural body temperature through improved ability to remove moisture and heat. Thanks to the four-channel structure of this fiber, moisture evaporates much faster. Products from it do not require special care, machine wash and dry are acceptable.
Cordura: High-tech material developed by DuPont contains 100% nylon with increased strength and durability. The material has double friction resistance, has high resistance to various types mechanical loads.
Dermizax: Combines full water resistance and moisture wicking with increased durability without compromising the smoothness and softness of the material. Water resistance remains at the same level, regardless of the vigor and intensity of movements. The ability of the fabric to "breathe" and remove moisture provides a unique non-porous membrane. At the same time, the "breathing" properties of the membrane can increase with an increase in the temperature of the human body. This leads to an increase in the distance between the long molecular chains of the membrane polymer, which makes it more permeable to water vapor molecules. Minimizing condensation prevents the inner layer from freezing and effectively complements the breathability of the fabric. The membrane does not collapse with multiple washes, which makes it easy to care for. Water resistance 2000mm, breathability 10000g/m2/24h.
Diaplex: A waterproof membrane material that withstands 20,000 to 40,000 mm of water column, varies the rate of evaporation through individual sections of clothing depending on the temperature, maintaining an overall comfortable level of warmth. Perfectly combines full water resistance and moisture wicking with increased durability without compromising the smoothness and softness of the material. The ability of the fabric to "breathe" and remove moisture provides a unique non-porous membrane. Minimizing condensation prevents the inner layer from freezing and effectively complements the breathability of the fabric. High elasticity for ease of movement and wind resistance.
ZONE: The material uses microporous polyurethane membrane, on the outside, it is additionally treated with water-repellent impregnation, due to which the fabric has a high water-repellent ability. Water resistance 5000mm, air permeability 3000g/m2/24h.
Dry W.E.B.: This technology uses a multilayer structure that absorbs sweat, then quickly transfers it to the outside of the fabric using a capillary process. Polyester on the inside of the fabric wicks sweat away from the skin, and the polyester microfiber on the surface dissipates moisture for quick evaporation. Treated with an antimicrobial agent, this fabric protects against bacteria.
Dynatec Schoeller: High strength fabric (stronger than Cordura), known for its resistance to friction and abrasion. Resistant to rapid temperature changes.
Dynamonus: Reinforced Kevlar fiber, resistant to wear and abrasion, tears and cuts. Thanks to a strong Kevlar base and the addition of synthetic fibers, this material retains all the protective properties and at the same time becomes stronger than steel threads.
Dyneema: The material is lightweight, water resistance, reflection of UV rays, resistance to temperature differences, strength and flexibility.
DuraTech: Durable nylon with a close weave of fibers with a cross pattern. The material is covered with a waterproof and breathable ENTRANT membrane, and on the outside, a water-repellent DuroGuard coating.
Duratex: 100% polyester, with Climatec coating and finishing DWR. Water resistance 3000mm, vapor permeability 3000 gr/sq.m/24h
Entrant Dermizax- EV3: Three-layer material that uses Dermizax- poreless thin membrane with high water resistance and breathability. The material is highly resistant to abrasion and friction, so it does not stretch during the process socks. The membrane does not collapse during washing.
Entrant GII: Three-layer membrane coating with two different microporous layers in its structure. The fabric "breathes", due to which the optimal balance between waterproofness and breathability is maintained. This makes the material comfortable to use. Water resistance 5000 mm, moisture permeability 8000 g/sq.m/24h.
EPIC: Membrane material located inside the fibers provides "breathable" properties, protection from water and wind.
field sensor: Instant dry and wrinkle free, this non-shedding material allows perspiration to be continuously absorbed and expelled while maintaining body comfort.
GORE-TEX: The membrane is a bistructural microporous material that has undergone an expansion process. At the same time, a membrane that has micropores is several orders of magnitude larger than a water molecule, and several orders of magnitude smaller than any drop of water. Therefore, it passes water only in the form of steam, which allows the material to breathe, but at the same time it does not get wet and does not inflate. All seams of products with membrane gore-tex undergo isothermal treatment to ensure water-repellent properties. Water resistance 10000 mm of water column, throughput of 1 liter of water vapor per hour.
Hidra-neK: The fabric has a waterproof coating (8000mm) and is highly ventilated. The fabric is resistant to friction and wear.
High Bulk Acrylic: microfiber with voluminous fibers, which allow to achieve a corrugated effect at the microscopic level, thereby increasing the permeability to air and its ability to "breathe". The fabric has high wear resistance, resistance to friction and abrasion. The material is soft and pleasant to the touch, which increases its comfort.
Hollofil II: Four-channel fibers make up the structure of the material, filling it with properties of increased thermal insulation. The material is pleasant to wear and dries quickly.
Hydrapel TF: This is a two-layer microporous material. In which the outer side is treated with a protective layer of Teflon to increase water resistance. Water resistance 2000m, vapor permeability 2000 gr/sq.m/24h
Hydro Tech: Durable high impact fabric. Water resistance 8000m, vapor permeability 8000gr/sq.m/2h
Hydro Tech 2000: Microfibre material. Water resistance 2000mm.
Intriplex-Ceramic: The material uses a non-porous ceramic membrane. Here the principle of water size is applied. Those. the distance between molecules is fundamentally greater than a water molecule and less than a drop of water, and with increasing body temperature, these distances increase even more. As a result, a membrane material is obtained, which, with active movements, simply releases more steam on the surface of clothing while maintaining the normal thermal balance of the body. And hence the comfort of the state. Water resistance 20000mm, vapor permeability 15000gr/sq.m/24h
Isotex: The fabric is 100% windproof, the outer surface is covered with a water-repellent coating. It is a hydrophilic material, i.e. it consists of chains of molecules that carry moisture and water through the fabric. When water molecules get between these chains, the molecules swell and their ability to conduct moisture and water increases.
Kevlar: High strength and durable material. With high tear resistance, Kevlar 5 times stronger than steel when compared on a weight-to-weight basis.
Koliv: The coating collects moisture and releases it into the atmosphere, generating heat. This thermal energy allows you to quickly remove moisture to the surface. As a result, "breathing" properties are improved and there is almost no moisture left on the inside. Vapor permeability 20000 gr/sq.m/24h
Lemon Magic: Nylon and polyester blend fabric. Vapor permeability 9000gr/sq.m/24h, water resistance 3000mm.
Membra-Therm: The material is highly waterproof and breathable. Membrane used in the manufacture of gloves.
Meryl: Fabric with elevated technical specifications, possesses high water resistance (8000 mm of a water column). Due to the special structure of the fabric, the cavity inside the fibers, extraordinary lightness is achieved (25-30% lighter than polyamide). This "breathable" is windproof. The fabric is distinguished by increased strength, good insulating qualities that allow the body to retain natural heat. The fabric does not require special care, dries quickly after, does not require ironing.
Micro Grid: A material formed by interlacing nylon thread and nylon microfiber.
Micro-Dry: Polyester fabric, specially designed for down-filled models, provides protection from the wind from the outside, moisture vapor from the heat, preventing the down from getting wet.
Microsafe: Antimicrobial acetate fiber. Does not allow the appearance of smell, keeps the freshness of the fabric longer. Gives a feeling of comfort.
MicroSuede: 100% polyester, a microfiber created by the weave of the threads provides the density of the fabric. Soft bristles, waterproof breathable Obermeyer HydroBlock coating and DuroGuard water-repellent outer layer for extra protection.
Microtachtel teflon: Teflon material provides maximum dirt resistance and hydrophobicity. Water-repellent and oil-repellent coatings, UV absorption, easy care.
Moraine Faille: 100% textured nylon fabric with a water-repellent coating on the outside and a PU coating on the inside for added protection.
NYLON TAFETTA: Durable, wear-resistant fabric keeps out wind and wicks body moisture to the outside. Fast drying material with good breathability and water-repellent finish.
Outlast: A micro-thermal material embedded in the fabric, which consists of millions of microcapsules capable of absorbing heat from the body when heated, distributing it evenly and returning heat when cooled. If the body temperature rises, then Outlast takes on a certain amount of heat, restoring thermal equilibrium, and at the same time, changing the phase to liquid (melting). When, in the absence of movement, the body temperature drops and the body becomes colder than the tissue, heat is transferred back to the body, restoring thermal balance. And Outlast changes the phase to solid. Thus, Outlast not only retains heat, but also removes its excess, while maintaining the thermal comfort of the body.
Pemax: Fabric containing polyester And polyamide. Good water repellency.
Pertex: A family of fabrics that work in four different directions: These are down-retaining fabrics, windproof fabrics, water-repellent fabrics and fabrics that protect from the sun. These fabrics are flexible, strong, elastic, retain their original shape, light, comfortable and durable.
Polyamide: Man-made fiber with functional characteristics. It is a lightweight, breathable, quick-drying and wear-resistant fabric that perfectly retains its shape and does not require special care. According to its composition, it can be smooth, rough, matte or shiny. RA is the official abbreviation for polyamide.
polyester: Polyester is a common name polyester fibers and materials obtained from polyethylene terephthalate melts. At the same time, it has high strength and wear resistance. It retains its shape well, does not wrinkle, is resistant to light, and is slightly hygroscopic.
Polyester Microfibre: Fabric made from polyester microfibre, highly moisture wicking thanks to a special weave of ultra-fine fibers.
Hyper-dX: Abrasion-resistant, wear-resistant material is an excellent snow and water repellant material that retains its properties through frequent washing.
Pile: Durable material that provides particularly soft and pleasant warmth, protects against moisture and does not absorb moisture.
Q.B.TEX: A unique material coated with a billion tiny porous holes. Q.B.TEX has excellent water repellency and water resistance, moisture evaporation and breathability. Excellent material for ski clothing, which has excellent flexibility and provides comfort and freedom of movement. Moisture evaporation of the material (g / sq.m / 24h) - 5000, resistance to pressure of the water column (mm) - 2000
Solar Alpha: A fabric incorporating these threads absorbs the visible rays of the sun, which make up over 90% of the sun's energy, and converts them into heat. In addition, it reflects infrared rays generated from the body and traps heat inside the clothing. These two features are generated into one to create the perfect heat-retaining fabric. Zirconium carbide composites used in filaments are good heat absorbers.
Strata HD II: Microporous membrane. Water resistance 10000mm, vapor permeability 10000 gr/sq.m/24h
Stretch: A fabric that is highly water resistant (15000mm) and breathable (10000gsm/24h) while being durable and stretchy.
Sympa Tex: Waterproof and vapor wicking membrane used as one of the layers in multilayer materials.
2-ply Sympa Tex: A two-ply material consisting of an outer fabric (often used Stretch) and a vapor-permeable SympaTex waterproof membrane. Water resistance 15000mm, steam removal gr/sq.m/24h.
3-ply Sympa-Tex: A three-layer material consisting of a dense and lightweight fabric on the outside, a waterproof and vapor-wicking SympaTex membrane, and a hygroscopic micro-mesh lining. The membrane collects the released moisture and removes it from the body, while maintaining the thermal balance of the body. Water resistance 30000mm, steam removal 700 gr/sq.m/24h.
mSM 2,5 SympaTex: This is a microstatic membrane that has been developed to achieve the following properties - lightness of the fabric, increased absorption properties on the inner surface and a thicker layer of the inner air layer. As a result, an air gap was formed, which improved thermal insulation by 30%, many zones of a clean membrane formed, in which condensate can accumulate, which does not have points of contact with the body. The main difference between this material and the three-layer 3-ply SympaTex is the structure of the weaving of the fibers, they are not parallel, but perpendicular to the surface of the membrane, which creates an air gap, in addition, vertical fibers improve the absorption of moisture and its removal to the membrane for output to the outside.
Super Micro: 100% polyester , water resistance 2000mm, vapor permeability 9000 gr/sq.m/24h
Supplex: The fabric does not fade and is breathable. Saplex developed by DuPont
Windbloc: A special membrane makes this fabric waterproof, windproof yet breathable. The fabric is lightweight and doesn't restrict movement.
windstopper: Waterproof membrane material, 100% polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon). By deforming the Teflon, a thin porous membrane is obtained. It retains heat, while removing excess moisture into the atmosphere, maintaining body comfort. The membrane is used as an additional layer between the lining and the top layer of knitted knitwear marked with the sign windstopper .
windstopper Flees: Soft, thin material, with the addition of an additional layer of membrane that provides improved thermal performance and high breathability. The membrane retains heat well. The material is twice as warm as normal fleece, prevents heat loss and increases the feeling of comfort.
WindTech 2000: This is a layer of lightweight, stretchy WindhibitorTM fabric between two layers of MFS. It has good moisture-removing capillary properties and retains wind.
XT: Microporous honeycomb structure creates waterproof and breathable effects.
XT 2000: Water resistant 2000mm, breathable 4000gr/sqm/24h
XT 5000: Water resistant 5000mm, breathable 8000gr/sqm/24h
XT 10000: Water resistant 10000mm, breathable 8000gsm/24h
XT 20000 3 Layer: Water resistant 20000mm, breathable 4000gr/sqm/24h
XT: This coating penetrates the fabric in such a way that the structure of the fabric becomes like a honeycomb - with many micropores. These pores are too small to allow water particles to pass through (this makes the fabric waterproof), but large enough to allow moisture vapor from the body to pass through (this allows the body to breathe).
XT.L: XT.L Laminate is an ultra-thin membrane that provides exceptional waterproofing while allowing the skin to breathe. Also, this membrane provides fabrics with a high level of stretch, which serves as a guarantee against damage to the membrane even after prolonged intensive use and frequent washing.

Durability and efficiency

As a rule, the durability of windproof membranes is limited by the strength and wear resistance of the base material. With careful use, the fabric can withstand many washes for several years without losing its properties.

In the case of waterproof membranes, the situation is worse. It is believed that the service life of a good expensive membrane is several (2-3) years, and with each wash the waterproof properties deteriorate. After the water-repellent layer is washed off, the fabric becomes covered with a film of water in heavy rain and breathes not much better than a regular raincoat.

After several years of active operation, even gore-tex begins to get wet through in heavy rain. However, this is also true for ordinary oilcloth jackets, under the same operating conditions. The degradation of properties can be slowed down by periodically treating the old jacket with a special impregnation, but this is not a panacea, this will still dampen in the rain.

PLUSES AND MINUSES OF MEMBRANE CLOTHING

It is light and comfortable;
Protects well from rain and snow, durable and lightweight;
It is not blown by the wind and well removes the evaporation of the body to the outside;
It is suitable for both not very cold weather, and for frosty;
Dirt is very easy to remove, you can forget about washing every other day and choose bright colors.

Minuses:

WASHING CLOTHES FROM MEMBRANE FABRICS

Clothing made of membrane fabrics cannot be washed with ordinary detergents. Washing powder clogs the porous structure of the membrane, which leads to the loss of its specific qualities. The membrane in this case stops "breathing" - the properties of air permeability are reduced. The same thing happens when using conditioners and bleaches.
Detergents, which include chlorine and its derivatives, have an effect opposite to the effect of clogging the pores of the membrane tissue. Chlorine molecules have a perforating effect on the membrane, due to which it begins to “breathe” better, but, as a result, get wet. Thus, the water-repellent protective properties of the membrane tissue are reduced.
Washing is recommended using special DWR sprays, detergents for membrane fabrics, etc.). Otherwise, washing with liquid soap or baby shampoo is possible.
Under no circumstances should membrane clothing be washed in a washing machine, soaked, or wrung out. It also has a negative effect on the specific properties of the membrane tissue.
Product soaking is not required. As a rule, soiling of the fabric is easily removed by hand washing. To avoid damage to the membrane, washing is done by hand at a temperature of 30-40 degrees. After washing, the product is wrung out by hand, but without twisting. To remove excess moisture, you can use a highly absorbent cotton fabric.
Drying products from membrane fabric
Membrane cloth dried in a straightened form in a horizontal position at room temperature. The room in which drying is carried out must be ventilated. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight to avoid fading of the top layer of membrane clothing.

SPECIAL CARE

Membrane clothes should never be ironed, as heat can damage the tissue structure.
To restore the water-repellent properties of the outer fabric of membrane clothing, a special fluorine-based spray is used. Fluorine compounds allow you to create a water-repellent film that will not interfere with the movement of air. In addition, the film will impede the penetration of external contaminants and increase the resistance of the fabric to ultraviolet radiation.

IMPREGNATION OF MEMBRANE CLOTHING

Membrane materials need to be soaked from time to time. Various special aerosols or liquids for washing are suitable for this. It must be remembered that it is necessary to impregnate only CLEAN things, after washing or cleaning. For different fabrics it is possible to use only own funds. The use of aerosols and impregnating liquids may result in slight discolouration of clothing. Regular use of impregnations will result in maintaining good water-repellent properties of the membrane.

STORAGE OF CLOTHES FROM MEMBRANE FABRICS

Membrane clothes are stored in a straightened form in a vertical position. To prevent dust from entering the porous structure of the membrane, clothing made from membrane fabrics should be placed in a protective fabric or polyethylene sheath. Before storage, the membrane should be washed in accordance with the recommendations.

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Warm and durable Winter Jacket. The most popular model. The site presents a single-color version of this jacket. False epaulettes can be used Quilted polyester lining with padding polyester, which increases the service life of clothes (padding stays in place when dry-cleaning or washing) Frontal zipper with two locks, unzips both at the top and bottom of the jacket Pleats on the back for extra freedom of movement Windproof valve , covering the front zipper, knitted cuffs inside the sleeves prevent the penetration of cold under clothing Stainless buttons are used It is possible to complete the jacket with a hood, collar and lining Pockets: 2 chest pockets, 2 at the bottom of the jacket and 1 inside Drawstrings: cord for tightening the belt and bottom of the jacket Material: Oxford ) -100% nylon with PU coating Insulation: Synthetic winterizer 300 g/m 2 SIZE FINDING: Download

Monochromatic jackets are recommended as a set for the summer uniform "Guard" M4, M5 or M12 in the off-season Elastic knitted p / w elastic band on the cuffs and waist for comfort Metal frontal "zipper" with an internal windproof valve The site presents a camouflage version of this jacket, which allows the use of false epaulettes Pockets: 2 capacious external pockets and 1 internal 1 with a zipper with a section for a fountain pen on the left sleeve Material: Twill (Twill) -100% polyester with PU coating Insulation: Sintepon 150 g/m 2 Product weight: 44-46/170-176 size -611 g 48-50/170-176 size -721 g 52-54/182-188 size -741 g from a glider soaring in the sky - you will not pass by this model. Flight jackets, which were supposed to combine functionality with simplicity, are reflected in this lightweight and practical urban jacket. The shortened demi-season jacket "Navigator" does not hinder movements and is convenient for a bicycle, scooter or motorcycle. The Navigator differs from the "Pilot" jacket only by the presence of a false collar. Thanks to the durable, water-repellent, wrinkle-resistant material (Twill (100% polyester with PU coating)) and synthetic insulation padding polyester (150 g/m 2), of which the jacket is made, the "Shturman" easily resists bad weather, is quickly cleaned and retains its original appearance for a long time. Elastic ribbing at the cuffs and waist provides soft yet secure wind protection. The powerful metal front zipper with internal wind flap inspires confidence. Volumetric side pockets will allow you to place everything you need and will not let your hands freeze, and for the absolute safety of valuable items, the jacket is complemented by two inner pockets and a pocket on the sleeve. Monochromatic jackets are recommended in the set for the summer uniform "Guard" in the off-season. On the camouflage version, you can use false epaulettes. We strongly recommend using front loading washing machines, but if you have a top loading washing machine, it is recommended to wash your clothes and equipment in a special mesh laundry bag to protect against possible damage from parts of the washing machine drum. Close all zippers and velcro fasteners and fully loosen all adjustments before washing. If the upper fabric is membrane, then it is better to wash the product with the lining out (turned inside out). Wash on a delicate cycle at 30°C with a double rinse cycle (it is better to use two rinse cycles to ensure that all detergent residues are removed from the fabric and insulation) and spin at medium speed. It is acceptable to use a tumble dryer at medium temperature (40-60°C) for 30-40 minutes or until completely dry, if the top fabric is membrane, it is better to dry the product with the lining out (turned inside out). You can dry the product in a suspended state with the lining out. For stubborn stains, before washing, treat stains with a special product such as Grangers Performance Wash or Nikwax Tech Wash, allowing the detergent to soak in for 10-15 minutes. It is better to store clothes and equipment with synthetic insulation in a straightened (not compressed) state. How to restore the DWR treatment on insulated clothing or equipment DWR is a special polymer applied to the surface of the fabric to make it water-repellent. DWR processing is not forever. During the operation of the product, as well as after a certain number of washes, the effectiveness of DWR decreases. If water droplets have stopped rolling off the surface of the fabric and wet the fabric even after washing, it's time to restore the splash-proof treatment. We recommend the use of specific fabric re-spray formulations, either sprayed or poured into the washing machine, such as Grangers Clothing Repel or Performance Repel, or Nikwax TX.Direct Wash-In or Spray-On. First wash the product according to the washing instructions, then use the selected composition to restore the splash protection by spraying it directly on the front of the product while it is still damp, or running a second wash cycle, first pouring the required amount of wash-in into the washing machine . The manufacturer's instructions for the restoration of the splashproof treatment on the packaging must be followed exactly. Many DWR reconditioning products require heat activation, so it is best to dry treated clothing and equipment in a tumble dryer or dryer at medium temperature (40-60°C) for 40-50 minutes or until completely dry.

The jacket is oversized! If you wear 50 r you need to take 48 !!! Jacket from a winter field suit for servicemen of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation of the sample of 2010. It differs from the original in external wind and moisture protection fabric, lightweight non-removable insulation and a more convenient central fastener. External fabric - Oxford PU (100% nylon). Unlike the mixed fabric of the original, it does not get wet, protects from the wind and has high strength. Lightweight synthetic fabric lining Central zip fastening, covered with a placket on the outside with buttons (buttons in the original). It protects better from cold and wind, it is more convenient to work even with warm gloves For simplicity and convenience, the insulation (synthetic winterizer) is made non-removable. The amount of insulation is less than in the original, the jacket is more demi-season for its intended purpose. Reinforcement of the elbows with overlays from the second layer of fabric. False epaulettes included High wide collar lined with fleece. It fastens with Velcro. The hood is insulated with a layer of fleece and stows away in the collar. Stretches around the face, and in two dimensions at the back of the head. Fastens at the front with Velcro Waist is tightened with an elastic cord with two clamps on the inside of the jacket. Slanted entry at a comfortable angle, fleece-lined inner document pocket with velcro flap (heart side), made of waterproof fabric washing clothes and equipment in a special mesh laundry bag to protect against possible damage by parts of the washing machine drum. Close all zippers and velcro fasteners and fully loosen all adjustments before washing. If the upper fabric is membrane, then it is better to wash the product with the lining out (turned inside out). Wash on a delicate cycle at 30°C with a double rinse cycle (it is better to use two rinse cycles to ensure that all detergent residues are removed from the fabric and insulation) and spin at medium speed. It is acceptable to use a tumble dryer at medium temperature (40-60°C) for 30-40 minutes or until completely dry, if the top fabric is membrane, it is better to dry the product with the lining out (turned inside out). You can dry the product in a suspended state with the lining out. For stubborn stains, before washing, treat stains with a special product such as Grangers Performance Wash or Nikwax Tech Wash, allowing the detergent to soak in for 10-15 minutes. It is better to store clothes and equipment with synthetic insulation in a straightened (not compressed) state. How to restore the DWR treatment on insulated clothing or equipment DWR is a special polymer applied to the surface of the fabric to make it water-repellent. DWR processing is not forever. During the operation of the product, as well as after a certain number of washes, the effectiveness of DWR decreases. If water droplets have stopped rolling off the surface of the fabric and wet the fabric even after washing, it's time to restore the splash-proof treatment. We recommend the use of specific fabric re-spray formulations, either sprayed or poured into the washing machine, such as Grangers Clothing Repel or Performance Repel, or Nikwax TX.Direct Wash-In or Spray-On. First wash the product according to the washing instructions, then use the selected composition to restore the splash protection by spraying it directly on the front of the product while it is still damp, or running a second wash cycle, first pouring the required amount of wash-in into the washing machine . The manufacturer's instructions for the restoration of the splashproof treatment on the packaging must be followed exactly. Many DWR reconditioning products require heat activation, so it is best to dry treated clothing and equipment in a tumble dryer or dryer at medium temperature (40-60°C) for 40-50 minutes or until completely dry.

Police windbreaker. This statutory police windbreaker, thanks to the use of high-quality membrane fabric with a density of 240 gr. will be able to protect employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs from any adverse weather events. A big feature of this jacket model is wind resistance and moisture resistance. A hood is folded inside the stand-up collar, which can be easily adjusted along the front. Elasticated cuffs, an adjustable waistband, and a durable zipper closure hidden by a fabric strip with rivets can also protect against bad weather. Along the perimeter of the shoulder girdle, the product is complemented by sewn-in red piping. On the shoulder seams on the button there are shoulder straps intended for attaching distinctive signs. color dark blue main features: MIA form material membrane wide dimensional grid CHARACTERISTICS CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SUIT Material: membrane Composition: P/E Density: 240 gr. Cuffs: yes Pockets jacket/pants: yes/no Seasonality: all-weather Additionally: statutory police windbreaker

On camouflage jackets, you can use false epaulettes. sleeve Material: Top material 45-P Shadow Alpha Industries - Splav: 100% nylon Twill (Twill) -100% polyester with PU coating 611 g 48-50/170-176 size -721 g 52-54/182-188 size -741 g Additional discounts do not apply to products with a red price loading, but if you are the owner of a top-loading machine, it is recommended to wash clothes and equipment in a special mesh laundry bag to protect against possible damage by parts of the washing machine drum. Close all zippers and velcro fasteners and fully loosen all adjustments before washing. If the upper fabric is membrane, then it is better to wash the product with the lining out (turned inside out). Wash on a delicate cycle at 30°C with a double rinse cycle (it is better to use two rinse cycles to ensure that all detergent residues are removed from the fabric and insulation) and spin at medium speed. It is acceptable to use a tumble dryer at medium temperature (40-60°C) for 30-40 minutes or until completely dry, if the top fabric is membrane, it is better to dry the product with the lining out (turned inside out). You can dry the product in a suspended state with the lining out. For stubborn stains, before washing, treat stains with a special product such as Grangers Performance Wash or Nikwax Tech Wash, allowing the detergent to soak in for 10-15 minutes. It is better to store clothes and equipment with synthetic insulation in a straightened (not compressed) state. How to restore the DWR treatment on insulated clothing or equipment DWR is a special polymer applied to the surface of the fabric to make it water-repellent. DWR processing is not forever. During the operation of the product, as well as after a certain number of washes, the effectiveness of DWR decreases. If water droplets have stopped rolling off the surface of the fabric and wet the fabric even after washing, it's time to restore the splash-proof treatment. We recommend the use of specific fabric re-spray formulations, either sprayed or poured into the washing machine, such as Grangers Clothing Repel or Performance Repel, or Nikwax TX.Direct Wash-In or Spray-On. First wash the product according to the washing instructions, then use the selected composition to restore the splash protection by spraying it directly on the front of the product while it is still damp, or running a second wash cycle, first pouring the required amount of wash-in into the washing machine . The manufacturer's instructions for the restoration of the splashproof treatment on the packaging must be followed exactly. Many DWR reconditioning products require heat activation, so it is best to dry treated clothing and equipment in a tumble dryer or dryer at medium temperature (40-60°C) for 40-50 minutes or until completely dry.

Classic warm women's down short coat for the city. Durable fabric-blend upper with DWR water-repellent treatment keeps out wind and snow and is stain-resistant The optimal balance of style, comfort and reliable protection from the cold, weight, strength and durability of this model make it an obvious choice as a practical everyday urban outerwear for the cold season. Semi-fitted cut allows you to look feminine and at the same time provides more than the necessary freedom of movement Four-layer construction (separate down package) eliminates the migration of down Length to the middle of the thigh Comfortable stitched warm hood with height and front adjustments Removable trim made of natural fur Warm high collar Central two-lock notched zipper Padded internal security placket Padded external placket with press studs Sleeves with warm inner cuffs Articulated elbow fit Pockets: Two padded side pockets with snap button flaps, soft velor burlap One internal zipped chest pocket Material: Outer fabric: 84% polyester, 16 % cotton, 191 g/m2 Lining: 100% nylon 20D 36 g/m2 Insulation: Quality goose down FP600 Down weight: 44/158-164-181.4 g 50/158-164-221.0 g 54/ 164-170-246.1 g SIZE FINDING: Download Down production

Warm and durable winter jacket. The most popular model. The site presents a camouflage version of this jacket. False epaulettes can be used Quilted polyester lining with padding polyester, which increases the service life of clothes (padding stays in place when dry-cleaning or washing) Frontal zipper with two locks, unzips both at the top and bottom of the jacket Pleats on the back for extra freedom of movement Windproof valve that covers the front zipper, knitted cuffs inside the sleeves prevent the penetration of cold under clothing It is possible to complete the jacket with a hood, collar and liner Stainless buttons are used Pockets: 2 chest pockets and 2 at the bottom of the jacket 1 inner pocket Drawstrings: cord for tightening the belt and the bottom of the jacket Material: Oxford ( Oxford) -100% nylon with PU coating "Tourist" -100% polyacryl with polyamide coating Insulation: Sintepon 300 g/m2

The Soft Shell suit is purposefully designed to meet the demanding requirements of Special Forces operators. Designed to maintain a comfortable body temperature of the user in the cold season during vigorous activity, in bad weather, in wind and rain. The suit can be used as the base 5th layer of ECWCS Gen.III. MPA-26-01 jacket: MPA-26-01 jacket is designed to maintain a comfortable body temperature in the cold season. Effectively removes steam from the body, does not let moisture in from the outside and reliably protects against cold, wind and rain, taking into account intense physical activity. The demi-season jacket combines several layers of clothing thanks to the three-layer Softshell material, which consists of an outer surface with water and dirt-repellent Teflon® impregnation, a membrane and fleece that remove moisture from the body. Cuffs on sleeves are regulated by a textile fastener. Ventilation in the armhole area allows you to “cool down” faster and not overheat during increased physical activity and changing weather conditions. A high stand-up collar protects the neck. Removable hood adjustable in volume and oval of the face. The tactical jacket is equipped with 8 pockets with zippers: chest, side, back in the lower part of the back and in the forearm area. Velcro fasteners are located in the upper part of the sleeves for attaching chevrons. -2 internal and 6 external pockets with the possibility of access when worn together with tactical equipment; - ventilation openings are protected by a grid; - adjustable waist and hem - stand collar; - adjustable, detachable hood; - closable ventilation openings; - taped zippers. - places for chevrons with Velcro Soft shell fabric breathes, does not tear, does not get wet, does not restrict movement! COMPOSITION 92% POLYESTER, 8% SPANDEX, MEMBRANE, FLEECE SPRING/FALL SEASON JACKET CATEGORY

« Membrane- this is either the thinnest film that is laminated (welded or glued using a special technology) to the upper fabric, or a special impregnation that is rigidly applied to the fabric in a hot way during production. On the inside, the film or impregnation can be protected by another layer of fabric.

From this we can conclude that an important property of membrane clothing is that it is very light.

Poreless membranes work on the principle of osmosis (not space, but osmosis - remember the lessons of physics and chemistry at school).

The system is as follows: vapors enter the inner part of the membrane, settle on it and, through active diffusion, quickly pass to the outer side of the membrane. (Again, only if there is a driving force - a difference in the partial pressures of water vapor).

What are the advantages of non-porous membranes? They are mega durable, do not require careful maintenance, and work properly in a wide temperature range. Such membranes are usually used in top (expensive and most functional) products.

What are the disadvantages? At first, it may seem that the products get wet, but these are just the same fumes that accumulate on the inside of the product. That is, they begin to breathe more slowly, but advanced non-porous membranes, “opening up”, sometimes surpass porous ones in terms of breathing properties.

Pore membranes- these are, roughly speaking, membranes that work according to the following principle: water drops that fall on the membrane tissue from the outside cannot pass through the pores of the membrane inside, since these pores are too small. Vapor molecules produced when you sweat from the inside of the membrane tissue are freely expelled through the pores of the membrane (since a vapor molecule is thousands of times smaller than a drop of water, it can freely penetrate through the pores of the membrane). As a result, we get the waterproofness of the membrane fabric on the outside of the product and the breathable (steam-removing) properties from the inside of the product. At the same time, a drop of water cannot seep into such a hole. But how (you ask) will a holey garment withstand the wind? After all, wind molecules are also significantly smaller than a drop of water! In this case, the membrane works differently. The wind, falling into long and narrow pores, begins to swirl and does not pass through.

What are the advantages of porous membranes? They “quickly” start to breathe, i.e. they remove vapors as soon as you start to sweat (provided that there is a difference in the partial pressures of water vapor inside and outside the jacket. That is, when there is a driving force).

What are the disadvantages? This membrane "dies" rather quickly, i.e. loses its properties. The pores of the membrane are clogged, which greatly reduces the breathing properties. If washed incorrectly, the jacket may start to leak. This disadvantage can be especially strong if you are not a particular fan of taking care of your things (use special DWR sprays, detergents for membrane fabrics, etc.).

Membrane combination- everything is very cool. The system is as follows: the top fabric is covered on the inside with a porous membrane, and on top of the porous membrane there is still a thin coating (ie, a non-porous polyurethane membrane film). This magical fabric has all the advantages of porous and non-porous membranes while avoiding the disadvantages. But high technology comes at a high price. Very few companies use this membrane in their products ...

How does a membrane "work"?

If you become the owner of membrane clothing, then you should not put it on a cotton T-shirt and go for a run in a twenty-degree frost. So the membrane does not "work". The point is to keep the heat inside by bringing moisture out and preventing it from soaking into the clothes.
The classical scheme of protection against moisture and cold consists of three elements-layers, and the membrane is only one of them, the very last one.

First layer of clothing- thermal underwear (special thin clothing that retains the heat generated by the body). Cotton should be avoided, as it greedily absorbs moisture, and, therefore, there can be no talk of any warmth.

Second layer- woolen clothes (with an admixture of synthetic fabrics that remove moisture) or clothes made of artificial materials such as fleece (Fleece) or polartec (Polartec). It is important that the second layer is voluminous and retains heat.

But only third, outer layer- thin membrane jacket.
If the frost is weak, then you can get by with only the first and third layers, which will provide you with mobility and mobility.

And finally, it is important to understand how moisture will be removed to the outside. Due to the difference between the air pressures under the membrane jacket and outside. Therefore, if you decide to sit motionless in a snowdrift, hoping for a “magic” membrane, there is a real chance to catch a cold thoroughly. However, this does not mean at all that you need to rush about like a madman in anticipation of a pressure difference in order for the membrane to “work”. It is enough just to move more or less actively (just in case: walking is also a movement).

Characteristics of membrane tissue

The membrane can be characterized not only by its structure and principle of operation (with or without pores), but also by its two main parameters: water resistance and the ability to release steam.

Water resistance(or water resistance), waterproofness (millimeters of water column, mm water column, mm H2O) - the height of the water column that the membrane (fabric) can withstand without getting wet. In fact, this parameter indicates the water pressure that can be maintained without getting wet. The higher the water resistance of the membrane, the more intense precipitation it can withstand without passing water through itself.

Vapor permeability(g / m2, g / m2) - the amount of water vapor that a square meter of the membrane (tissue) is able to pass. Other terms apply: Moisture Vapor Transfer Rate(MVTR), moisture permeability. Most often, the average value g / (m2.24h) is indicated over a long period of time - the amount of water vapor that a square meter of the membrane (tissue) can pass in 24 hours. The higher it is, the more comfortable the clothes.

The baseline is usually 3.000mm/3000g/m2/24 hours.
Mid-level membranes usually have specifications of 8,000mm/5,000g/m2/24 hours or so.
The water resistance of high-end fabrics is usually not less than 20.000mm water column, and the breathability is not less than 8.000g/m?/24 hours.

About taping seams

Taped seams keep moisture out of the seams and keep you dry and comfortable as a result.
Inscription " all seams are sealed ” means that all seams in this product are taped.

If the label says “critical seam sealing”, this means that only the main seams are taped in the product, which may or may not result in leakage in some places. It is worth noting that in products positioned by the brand as semi-urban, this option is very acceptable (usually these are products with insulation). Here, each buyer is free to choose what he wants and what suits him personally.

Water repellent coating - DWR

Look - the droplets on the fabric are not absorbed, but lie on the fabric, rolling into balls! This is a DWR (Durable Water Reppelence) coating that does not allow water to pass even through the top layer of the fabric (that is, to be absorbed into it). On DWR-coated fabric, water rolls into balls and rolls easily. DWR, by the way, is not a durable thing, and eventually disappears (washes off), and wet spots appear on the fabric (on contact with water). This does not mean at all that the product gets wet, since the membrane will not let water through anyway, but some discomfort may be present. The resulting layer of water on top will not allow the membrane to work, no matter how steep it is. In addition, in porous membranes, in this case, it is possible for water to pass through the membrane. To avoid dying of DWR you will be helped by specially developed means with this same DWR coating (NIKWAX, WOLY, salamander), sold in stores selling extreme clothing.

Pros and cons of membrane clothing

Pros:

it is light and comfortable: the child can move on the street and enjoy the walk, and does not sit in a stroller with the ability to move only his head.
you do not spend a lot of nerves, pulling and fastening the next layer of clothing "warmer"
the child will not complain while you get dressed and go out into the street.
protects well from rain and snow, durable and lightweight;
again, your nerves are calm and there is no need to run home after another fall into a puddle.
it is not blown by the wind and well removes the evaporation of the body to the outside;
it is suitable for both not very cold windy weather, and for frosty;
you need to wear less clothes under it than usual.
dirt is very easy to remove, you can forget about washing every other day and choose bright colors.

Minuses:

membrane clothing is quite expensive
requires special care
relatively short-lived
clothes underneath should be in a special way selected;
not suitable for lovers of all natural.

Types of membranes

The best is the Gore-Tex microporous membrane, developed in the 60s of the 20th century for astronaut suits. For ski clothing, as a rule, two-layer Gore-Tex is used, which is lighter and softer than the three-layer, which is mainly used for hiking and mountaineering jackets.

The water resistance of the two-layer membrane is 15,000 mm, and the moisture evaporation rate is 12,000 g/m2/24 hours.

Approximately on the same level with Gore-Tex, non-porous membranes Triple-Point and Sympatex, ULTREX, and other fabrics under the general name hi-pora are held. Their water resistance is slightly lower - about 12000 mm, but this is enough to not get wet even in heavy rain or snow. These membranes also breathe very well. Sympatex, in addition to what is applied in pure form, is part of the Omni-Tech technology, which includes a membrane, a special water-repellent coating and a windproof layer.

Much cheaper are Ceplex and Fine-Tex membranes, which are now very actively used in the production of sportswear. The main disadvantage of Ceplex is its fragility.

While clothes with Gore-Tex, Triple-Point or Sympatex will last 4-5 years with careful handling, Ceplex rarely lasts more than one or two seasons of active use and starts to get wet. Fine-Tex, on the other hand, does not get wet, but breathes a little better than polyethylene. But these membranes themselves and clothes with them cost an order of magnitude less than analogues from Gore-Tex, Triple-Point and Sympatex.

The Ceplex membrane is used in the production of Vaude brand clothing.
Membrane Fine-Tex, Sympatex - in the brands Bolik, COOLAIR.
Hi-pora membranes - Commandor (Hi-Pora™/Evapora™), Lowe Alpine (Triple Point Ceramic), Columbia (Sympatex)

Membrane, insulation, outer fabric and weather conditions, to sum up at the layman level by creating an overview of the trademarks presented today in Ukraine.

On average, you can start wearing winter membrane clothes from + 5 + 7 ° C (for cool children). Membrane jumpsuit or set, dressed on the baby during the autumn rain or during the spring thaw, will save the mother's nerves (but not others) and give the child a lot of joy from communicating with water. If active fuss in a puddle is not expected, a fabric impregnated with DWR will suffice.

It is very good if the seams in the product are glued. Under such conditions, Reima tec is suitable (for cool children, if the child is active and not cold, it is better to do with demi-season clothing), Huppa (jacket without insulation on fleece or with an amount of insulation of 80 g, trousers on fleece). Under the overalls - a minimum of clothing, ideally - thermal underwear. For, as practice shows, when there are a lot of puddles around, it is difficult for a child to walk inactively.

When the thermometer shows 0 ... -5 ° C, you can either add 1 layer, or change outerwear. As an option - Reima tec (you can add a fleece blouse or a mixed golf jacket to thermal underwear), Huppa (a jacket without insulation on fleece or with an amount of insulation 80, 130 g, trousers on fleece or semi-overalls 100 g), Lenne (products with an amount of insulation no more than 150 g), Bambino, TCM, H&M.

At a temperature of -5 ... -15 ° C, Reima tec is suitable (it is advisable to wear thermal underwear or other underwear and fleece overalls under the overalls), Huppa (jackets with an amount of insulation 130, 160, 200 g, semi-overalls 100 g, overalls 200 g), Lenne ( products with insulation 150 g, 330 g), at temperatures below -10 ° C, you can wear a down jacket (O'Hara, Chicco, Geox) or Kiko, Donilo, Gloria Jeans, Lemmi, Naughty, Gusti, Bambino, TCM, H&M overalls.

15 ° C and below - many mothers cancel walks at this temperature. If you are not one of those, make sure that the child does not sit still on the street (then the fur coat will not help much), which means that he is not dressed in thick clothes and can move freely.

15-20 °C will not be terrible if the baby rides down a hill, sculpts a snowman, plays snowballs (do not believe it - try it yourself!). Reima tec is suitable (not for everyone, it depends on the child), Huppa (jackets with the amount of insulation 130, 160, 200 g, semi-overalls 100 g, overalls 200 g), Lenne (products with 150 and 330 g of insulation), down jacket (O`Hara , Chicco, Geox), overalls Kiko, Donilo, Gloria Jeans, Lemmi, Naughty, Gustі, Bambino, TCM, H&M.

These recommendations are suitable for small walkers. If the baby walks, but still rides in a stroller, you can, having dressed him for a walk, put him in an envelope in a stroller. Then he won’t freeze in the stroller, and, while running, he won’t sweat.

For babies of the first year of life, one-piece overalls are well suited - Huppa (200 g), Lenne (baby models or transforming overalls), down jackets (Chicco), Kiko overalls, Donilo, Gloria Jeans, Lemmi, Naughty, Gusti, sheepskin overalls. You can also choose lighter options, but put a fur envelope in the stroller, and walk to your health

The modern world is ready to offer consumers a huge selection of the latest developments and technologies, and these innovations often find application in a wide variety of areas. Membrane is one such example. Previously, this material was used only to create equipment and clothing for sports, tourism and other outdoor activities. Membrane clothing has certain properties that are necessary just in such conditions. On this moment this type of fabric is widely used in the industry for sewing outerwear, including for children.

What is membrane clothing? It is sewn from high-tech material, which has a significant degree of water resistance, but at the same time is also able to "breathe". Membranes are either hydrophilic or hydroporous.

Hydrophilic is a special type of fabric on which a film is thermally applied that does not let water through. At the same time, the fabric remains breathable, since free chemical bonds allow the molecules of evaporating moisture to be transferred from the inside of the film to the outside. In such a membrane, foreign substances and dirt do not have any effect on its vapor permeability, as well as on its waterproofing properties.

Hydroporous membrane clothing has many microscopic holes, that is, pores. They are much smaller than a drop of water in size, which does not allow moisture to get inside. In this case, in the form of steam, they can freely go out through it. For membranes of this type, dirt will be detrimental, as it simply clogs the pores, which leads to a deterioration in the properties of clothing over time. Such membrane clothing is able to breathe only in its pure form.

You can see how it all works in practice. It is very important that the clothes were comfortable, especially for children. If we talk about comfort, then we mean the microclimate, that is, that thin layer of air that remains between clothing and a person. The microclimate is influenced by various factors: the properties of clothing, weather conditions, physical activity. It is worth saying that children's membrane clothing is impermeable to the wind, so it gives a feeling of comfort that a child needs so much. So he will be able to stay outside for a long time in frosts, without freezing at all.

During physical exertion, the human body releases moisture, that is, it sweats, and if such moisture is not removed in time, it covers the skin with a film, cooling at rest and heating up during active movement, which leads to severe discomfort. and for adults, it does not allow moisture to linger inside, removing evaporation to the outside, which allows for proper microcirculation, and also maintains the required level of humidity and temperature. It turns out that in such clothes it is possible to keep the usual microclimate unchanged as much as possible, while the temperature "overboard" and the level of physical activity do not have any effect on it. That is why membrane clothing is comfortable in both cold and hot weather.

As you can see, membrane clothing has very interesting properties that allow it to be used for sports and just active movement.

One of the most popular materials produced using innovative technologies is membrane fabric, in everyday speech referred to as a membrane. Clothing made from it not only protects from rain, but also allows steam to pass through, guaranteeing maximum comfort to its owner. It is enough for the latter to choose the most appropriate type of membrane tissue, paying due attention to the description of the characteristics of the material in question.

What it is?

The described fabric is a material of synthetic origin, belonging to the category of multilayer. Due to their properties, membrane products effectively repel moisture from the outside and at the same time do not prevent the release of fumes that accumulate in the underwear space. The outer layer of such a fabric performs not only an aesthetic, but also a protective function, while the inner one is characterized by softness that contributes to wearing comfort (in some cases, it can be replaced by a lining).

As for the membrane itself, it is located between the layers mentioned above. This component of the fabric is a thin film made of macromolecular compounds and deposited on the base material. In Russia, the described fabric is produced on the basis of GOST 28486-90, the requirements of which it must fully comply with.

Compound

As mentioned earlier, the membrane is an important component of the material in question, but not the only one. The basis of the latter is most often synthetics (for example, polyester), to which this film is “soldered”.

To date, several materials are used for the manufacture of membrane tissues.

Teflon. It has microscopic pores that effectively prevent the penetration of external and promote the evaporation of internal moisture. The main disadvantage is gradual clogging.

Polyurethane. The key feature is maximum water resistance. The main disadvantage of polyurethane products is the relatively slow evaporation of moisture accumulated in the underwear space.

Polyester. The main advantages of this material are wear resistance and high strength, thanks to which it can be used for many years. In addition, polyester is pleasant to the touch and keeps its shape perfectly.

Also, to solve the described problem, cotton is used, primarily remarkable for its ability to retain heat, and bamboo, which can boast of strength and hypoallergenicity.

Combined materials are also worthy of mention: due to the presence of a protective layer, they minimize the likelihood of clogging of the membrane and extend its life.

Properties

There are two main qualities of membrane fabrics - water resistance and vapor permeability. The first provides protection from external moisture (for example, rain): the higher its value, the longer the person will feel dry. It must be taken into account that the membrane can repel water for a certain time, after which the latter begins to penetrate into the underwear space. In this way, the described fabric differs from polyethylene and rubberized materials, which are completely impervious to water, but also not able to provide air exchange that is optimal for a person.

As for vapor permeability, it determines how "breathable" the membrane is. The higher this value, the more comfortable it will be to wear clothes made of this material during significant physical exertion.

As in the case of water resistance, the vapor permeability of the membrane fabric has its limits, and therefore may not be able to cope with its duties if sweating is excessively intense.

Other advantages of the material under consideration also deserve attention, namely:

maximum wearing comfort, excluding stiffness of movements;
versatility, thanks to which membrane fabric products are suitable not only for adults, but also for children;
good protection against strong winds;
relative ease of removal of contaminants.

Separately, it is worth mentioning the shortcomings, the list of which looks like this:

high cost of products (provided that they meet established quality standards);
the use of artificial components, which does not suit the supporters of natural materials;
not the highest wear resistance, the specific value of which depends on the category of membrane fabric.

In addition, the described material is quite difficult to care for, which will be discussed in detail below.

Many people think that the membrane fabric warms well, but this is not so. By removing excess moisture to the outside, it reduces the risk of cooling the body, however, at low temperatures, two layers of warm clothing should be under it.

Types and their characteristics

Depending on the characteristics of their structure, membrane sheets are divided into 3 categories.

Porous. The second name is hydrophobic. Due to the presence of micropores, it guarantees the effective removal of moist air from the underwear space to the outside. At the same time, this fabric retains water, providing its owner with a feeling of dryness for a long period of time. A noticeable drawback of the materials of this category is the clogging of pores, the degree of which depends on the operating conditions of the product.

Non-porous. This variety, also called hydrophilic, is characterized by the absence of microscopic holes in the membrane layer. It copes with the removal of wet vapors to the outside thanks to diffusion, which implies their smooth transportation from the inner layer of the fabric to the outer one. Given the duration of this process, the owner of the product may experience some discomfort (it will seem to him that the clothes are wet).

The effectiveness of the use of non-porous fabric is especially reduced if the humidity outside is too high.

Combined. Such materials organically combine the advantages of the two categories discussed above. Their manufacture involves the use of a hydrophobic membrane, on which a relatively thin layer of polyurethane is applied. There is only one minus for the paintings of the combined category - the high cost.

Also, depending on the design of the membrane tissue, 3 other varieties of it are distinguished, each of which has its own remarkable characteristics.

Double layer

In this case, the membrane has only external protection, and therefore requires the use of an additional lining (usually mesh). The absence of the latter leads to inevitable clogging and mechanical damage to the material, and therefore is unacceptable.

Such products, labeled as "2L", can boast of low weight and good vapor permeability. In addition, two-layer membrane fabrics are used in clothing, the inner surface of which has a warming layer.

Three-layer

The described variety is marked as "3L" and provides for more reliable, two-sided membrane protection. Due to this feature, the latter has increased wear resistance, which is its obvious advantage. The material in question looks like a fabric, the wrong side of which is covered with a fine mesh.

Despite its obvious advantages, the three-layer variety has one significant drawback - high cost. Given this circumstance, such a fabric is used relatively rarely - mainly for the manufacture of professional equipment.

Lined with jersey

This type of membrane fabric, also called "2.5L", is similar to two-layer fabric in many ways, but does not require the use of a standard lining. Instead of the latter, a layer of foamed knitwear is used to protect the membrane from mechanical stress and clogging.

The main advantages of this material are compactness and lightness. It deserves special attention that these advantages do not detract from other advantages of membrane tissue.

How to distinguish from ordinary fabric?

There are several basic ways to distinguish membranous tissue from ordinary. To buy a product with the properties of interest and minimize the likelihood of acquiring a fake, it is enough for the client to adhere to the following recommendations.

The simplest solution is to visit stores that sell products from trusted brands.
The price of a product made of membrane fabric cannot be low. This is due to the complexity of manufacturing this material, which involves the use of advanced technologies.
Often the name of the product in question contains the letter combination "-tex" (for example, "Sympatex" or "Gore-Tex").
The products of many popular brands are sold under license. If the seller does not sell fakes, he must have all the permits.

In addition, the buyer can test the water resistance of the product at home using an ordinary shower. As for breathability, a container with hot water, located under the fabric, and the glass with which the latter is covered.

If the material is membrane, it will allow steam to pass through, resulting in fogging of the glass surface.

Where is it applied?

Practice shows that the use of membrane fabrics is justified in the most different situations requiring optimal air exchange and effective protection against high humidity. Such materials are especially appreciated by lovers of winter sports, tourism, mountaineering, hunting, fishing and many other hobbies that involve significant physical exercise. In addition, membrane fabrics are suitable for the manufacture of children's clothing - jackets, suits and overalls.

It is also worth mentioning the undesirability of everyday use of products from the material in question. This circumstance is explained by three main reasons - the high cost of such products, the relative complexity of caring for them and the need to wear an additional layer of warm clothing.

Selection rules

Before buying clothes made of membrane fabric, the buyer needs to consider the conditions in which it will be used. Following this recommendation, you can acquire exactly the product that best suits the tasks assigned to it.

When choosing a suitable product, the buyer needs to pay attention to two key parameters - the previously mentioned water resistance and vapor permeability (for example, 7000/7000). Indicative values of the first are listed below:

3000 - slight precipitation, lasting relatively short;
5000-7000 – rain of medium intensity;
10000-15000 - heavy and prolonged downpour;
20000 – storm (products with such water resistance are intended for yachtsmen and lovers of extreme recreation).

To select a product with suitable vapor permeability, the buyer should use the following list:

3000 - low level of physical activity (normal walking);
5000-7000 - slow movement on terrain with difficult terrain or jogging;
10000-15000 – maximum physical activity (skiing).

There may be some other interpretations, slightly different from those given above.

In order for clothes made of membrane fabric to please their owners for as long as possible, the latter should pay due attention to caring for it, which provides for a number of important nuances. Washing such products involves certain features.

Inability to use conventional detergents. This is explained by washing powder clogs the pores of the membrane, significantly reducing the vapor permeability of the tissue. The same effect is observed after the use of bleaches and conditioners.
Detergents containing chlorine act on membrane materials in a diametrically opposite way. They do not clog pores, but increase them, increasing vapor permeability and worsening the water resistance of the fabric. Thus, the use of such funds will also have to be abandoned.
To preserve the special properties of the membrane material, it cannot be machine washed. For the same reason, experts do not advise soaking and squeezing such fabrics.

MEMBRANE is a thin-layer coating of the inner surface of the fabric. The membrane provides a favorable climate inside the garment, and microscopic pores allow water vapor to escape while blocking the penetration of moisture from the outside.

Membrane fabric consists of two layers: top fabric ( can be absolutely any, both thin and dense) and, directly, the membrane - the thinnest polymer film with specially shaped pores that provide one-sided water permeability (moisture from the inside freely migrates through the membrane, while moisture from the outside is retained by the membrane).

How does it work?

External moisture does not penetrate inside, excess heat and water vapor (our sweat) from the inside comes out through the fabric, which improves the thermoregulation of the body.

What do the numbers and characteristics mean?

Any membrane clothing has two specifications on the label, usually through a slash, like 5000/10000 or 5000mm/10000g. The first parameter is water. The second parameter is air.

1. The water resistance of a fabric is measured by the water column it can hold without getting wet. Unit mm.

2. Vapor permeability (Breathability) characterizes how much moisture in the form of steam passes one meter of fabric out in 24 hours. Unit of measure g/m2/24 hours. The higher the value of these parameters, the better.

* For comparison: the maximum water resistance of cotton is 500 mm, synthetics without special treatment - 1000 mm. At the same time, the vapor permeability required for active sports, such as skiing, is 10,000 g/m2/24h, and for walking - 3000 g/m2/24h.

BREATHABLE - membrane fabric for non-extreme conditions. Used in Caimano products. Water resistance 2000 - 5000 mm. Breathability 2000-5000 g/m2/24 hours.

Types of features used in Color Kids clothing

Air-Flo 10000: Waterproof, windproof and breathable.

Maximum protection in the harshest weather conditions.

Finish: Laminated membrane
Water repellency: + 10.000 mm
Windproof: yes
Vapor permeability: + 5000 g/m/24 h.
Seams: Fully taped (FTS)

Air-Flo 5000: Waterproof, windproof and breathable

Excellent protection in all weather conditions.

Material: AF 5000 PU coating / laminated membrane
Water repellency: + 5.000 mm
Windproof: Yes
Vapor permeability: +5000 g/m/24 h.
Seam Taping: Fully Seam Taped (FTS)

Air-Flo 3000: Waterproof, windproof and breathable

100% protection in all weather conditions

Material: AF 3000 PU coated
Water repellency: + 3.000 mm
Windproof: Yes
Vapor permeability: +2000 g/m/24 h.
Seam Taping: Partial Seam Taping (PTS)

Air-Flo 2000: waterproof, windproof and breathable

Effective protection in all weather conditions.

Material: AF 2000 PU coating Water repellency: + 2.000 mm
Windproof: Yes
Vapor permeability: yes
Taped seams: No

What is a membrane?

STRUCTURE OF THE MEMBRANE FABRIC:

Classification

Categories of membranes by structure

Classification of membranes by purpose:

About taping seams

About manufacturers of membrane fabric

Approximate figures

Water repellent finish - DWR

About fabric texture

Types of membrane tissues

SOME TECHNOLOGIES OF PRODUCTION OF MEMBRANE FABRICS.

SOME TYPES OF FABRICS AND MEMBRANE-BASED FABRICS

Durability and efficiency

PLUSES AND MINUSES OF MEMBRANE CLOTHING

WASHING CLOTHES FROM MEMBRANE FABRICS

SPECIAL CARE

IMPREGNATION OF MEMBRANE CLOTHING

STORAGE OF CLOTHES FROM MEMBRANE FABRICS

All products, by tags

What it is?

Compound

Properties

Types and their characteristics

Double layer

Three-layer

Lined with jersey

How to distinguish from ordinary fabric?

Where is it applied?

Selection rules

How does it work?

What do the numbers and characteristics mean?

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