Outline plan

TOPIC: “Psychological and pedagogical foundations of the disciplinary practice of a junior commander. »

PROGRESS OF INFORMATION

Questions: 1. Essence and functions of disciplinary practice.
2. Disciplinary practice of non-commissioned officers: basic requirements and features.
Military personnel are subject to increased requirements in terms of the performance of their duty, which is due to the specifics of the life and activities of the troops, the special goals and tasks facing the personnel. Indiscipline, negligence and negligence in the performance of official duties, even in peacetime, lead to grave consequences, and in war to irreversible loss of strength, means and death of people. An important role in instilling discipline in servicemen is played by disciplinary practice—the psychologically and pedagogically justified application of incentives and penalties.
Disciplinary practice is a system of applying incentives and disciplinary sanctions to military personnel in order to educate them, strengthen military discipline and maintain a firm statutory order in units and subunits.
It achieves its goal only when it is expedient from the point of view of the state interests of R.F. and her V.S.
The subjects of disciplinary practice are officials who, in accordance with military regulations, are granted disciplinary rights. Objects are those to whom it applies.
The impact of disciplinary practice on the behavior of military personnel is expressed through its functions and: service-activity, educational, informational, stimulating, restrictive, educational, preventive.
The service-activity function reflects the possibility for commanders to use disciplinary power only in the interests of performing service-combat tasks, maintaining firm discipline and statutory order.
The restrictive function requires officials to comply with certain requirements regarding the application of disciplinary actions to military personnel,
serving in a daily outfit (on combat duty) and being intoxicated.
The educational function of disciplinary practice is to evaluate the actions and deeds of military personnel. On the one hand, this is recognition of their diligence and the results achieved, which instills confidence in their own strengths, and ensures a high mood for high-quality performance of official duties. On the other hand, this is an act of coercion, expressed in a disciplinary sanction and aimed at overcoming the internal resistance of a serviceman, which is not possible without his understanding of the gravity of the deed, awareness and
feelings of guilt before colleagues and commanders.
The information function of disciplinary practice is aimed at identifying quantitative indicators of the state of military discipline, evaluating the activities of officials in strengthening the rule of law, and the correctness of the application of the disciplinary rights granted to them.
The stimulating function helps to manage military discipline, the behavior of military personnel, not only by directly influencing their consciousness and will, but also indirectly - through stimulating the quality performance of their official duties. In the practice of commanders' work to strengthen military discipline, means of moral and material incentives have become widespread. The stimulating role is played not only by incentive measures, but by certain moral and material sanctions applied to violators of military discipline.
The learning function is manifested in the fact that officials personal example the correct application of disciplinary practice teach their subordinates to effectively use the disciplinary rights granted to them in strengthening law and order and military discipline.
preventive features. Disciplinary practices are aimed at preventing gross violations of military discipline, incidents and crimes among military personnel. Unfortunately, in everyday practice there are facts when individual commanders, in order to hide the true state
disciplines do not resort to the imposition of disciplinary sanctions on violators,
and engage in persuasion and persuasion.
IN modern conditions some commanders in the concept of disciplinary practice include only punishments and do not use encouragement to strengthen discipline at all, do not consider in this capacity the removal of a disciplinary sanction that has already played the role of education. And of course, the most negative impact on the state of military discipline is exerted by the incorrect application of disciplinary practices, the excess of some commanders and superiors of their disciplinary rights and official powers.
Thus, disciplined practice is an important tool in the processes of effective leadership of a military team and the strengthening of discipline. Commanders should not underestimate the value of incentives for penalties by their indiscriminate use, they should take into account the nature of the motives for the behavior of military personnel, the degree of their diligence and diligence, their reaction to rewards and punishments, avoid haste, be fair and objective in relations with subordinates, and not allow non-statutory punishments.
One of the main directions for achieving high military discipline in subunits is the everyday exactingness of junior commanders to subordinates, control over their diligence, respect for personal dignity.
military personnel and constant care for them, a skillful combination and correct application measures of persuasion, coercion and social influence of the collective.
It should be emphasized that it is not rewards and penalties in themselves that affect the inner world of a person and the team, but the extent to which disciplinary measures are morally justified. A disciplinary sanction has an educational effect only when it is applied in strict accordance with the requirements of general military regulations.
The content of disciplinary practice can be represented in the form of interrelated and interdependent elements of the activities of the non-commissioned officers (see diagram).

In accordance with the provisions of the Disciplinary Regulations, junior commanders
they have a right:
1. Apply the following rewards to subordinates:
a) remove the disciplinary sanction previously imposed by them;
b) express gratitude.

2. Impose a disciplinary sanction on subordinates.
The squad leader has the right to:
a) to announce a reprimand, and a severe reprimand;
b) to deprive soldiers and sailors who are doing military service, on conscription, of the next dismissal from the location of a military unit or from a ship to shore;
c) appoint soldiers and sailors who are doing military service on conscription, out of turn in the work order 1 outfit.
Deputy platoon commanders have the right to:
a) to announce a reprimand, and a severe reprimand.
b) to deprive soldiers and sergeants who are doing military service by conscription, the next dismissal from the location of the military unit.
c) appoint soldiers and sailors who are conscripted for military service out of turn in a work order for 2 orders.
The foreman of the company (team) has the right:
a) to announce a reprimand and a severe reprimand;
b) to deprive the soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen who are doing military service on conscription, of the next dismissal from the location of the military unit or from the ship to the shore.
c) appoint soldiers, sailors who are conscripted for military service, out of turn in a work order - up to 3 orders.
The clear meaning of junior commanders of their rights and duties is the basis of their legal and lawful actions in relation to subordinates. But this is not enough for the high efficiency of high disciplinary practice.
An indispensable condition in this process is the correct application of measures of disciplinary practice. The dialectic of measures of persuasion and coercion is such that, depending on the specific circumstances, any legitimate method can be the main one.
The junior commander, within his authority, determines this type of promotion
and punishment, which, in his opinion, can have the maximum educational impact both on the serviceman to whom they are applied, and on the entire military team as a whole (crew, calculation of the squad, platoon, etc.).
A necessary condition for the effectiveness of work to strengthen military discipline is the correct assessment of this or that act and misconduct in accordance with the measure of approval or condemnation of the nature and severity of the misconduct. Excessive encouragement, as well as punishment that does not correspond to the guilt, instead of a positive effect, can lead to the opposite result.
Military practice has convincingly proved that in the arsenal of methods and means of educating military personnel, shaping their high moral and psychological,
and fighting qualities, skillfully applied rewards play an important role.
It should also be encouraged, independent study and deep knowledge of the statutes, caring attitude to their appearance, maintenance of weapons, equipment, property in exemplary order.
Encouragement plays a disciplinary role when a number of conditions are met:
- compliance of the measure of the merit of a serviceman with the nature of the work done, the act performed.
- pedagogical expediency of using encouragement;
- highlighting the merits of a soldier, for which he is encouraged.
- taking into account the individual characteristics of the soldier.
- thoughtful encouragement using its various forms.
- Accounting for the relationship between military personnel.
- timely efficiency, publicity solemnity.
Under the disciplinary responsibility of military personnel, it is customary to understand the legal responsibility arising for the commission of a disciplinary offense by them. The penalty is imposed by the power of the junior commander in the official order according to the rules of the disciplinary charter. The basis for the disciplinary liability of a serviceman is a disciplinary offense, i.e. violation of the legal and moral norms that make up the rules of military discipline.
The federal law "on the status of military personnel" will determine that military personnel bear disciplinary responsibility for offenses related to the violation of military discipline and public order.
A form of disciplinary practice of responsibility is a disciplinary sanction, the purpose of which is to ensure an educational impact on servicemen of all categories, taking into account individual approach when choosing penalties. In terms of their content, disciplinary sanctions represent measures of moral and legal reprimand (remarks, reprimands, etc.), as well as measures that provide for certain restrictions and deprivations.
For the effectiveness of disciplinary practice, it is important to observe the principles of bringing military personnel to disciplinary responsibility:
1. Disciplinary responsibility should be used only in the interests of the service, to maintain military discipline and statutory order.
2. Only those junior commanders who enjoy disciplinary rights in relation to violations of military discipline may be subject to disciplinary liability.
3. Disciplinary liability is implemented to the extent within the limits determined by the disciplinary charter.
4. For violation of military discipline or public order, a serviceman must personally bear disciplinary responsibility.

Thus, an important place and role in disciplinary practice is assigned to junior commanders. Their clear knowledge of their rights and obligations in accordance with the disciplinary charter, the correct application of incentive measures and the imposition of disciplinary sanctions, and the skillful combination of sanctions with incentives allow the sergeants to provide effective assistance to unit officers in strengthening military discipline.

Guidelines.
1. Introduction should focus on the relevance of this topic, due to the real state of military discipline, the need to study, generalize and systematize the best practices of junior commanders to strengthen military discipline in units.
2. When considering the first issue, it is necessary to focus on the main purpose and functions of disciplinary practice, the key provisions of the Disciplinary Charter Armed Forces Russian Federation.
3. In the second question, it is necessary to reveal in detail the main components of disciplinary practice and give them a description. Particular attention should be paid to the rules for imposing penalties on subordinates.

The main directions of sergeants (foremen) in strengthening military discipline

Sergeants (foremen), as already mentioned, are the most numerous detachment of the command staff of the Armed Forces. Being trained military specialists, they are the immediate superiors of soldiers and sailors, organizers of their training and education in peacetime and wartime. The level of combat training, discipline and morale of the personnel of the unit largely depends on them. Most sergeants (foremen) play an active role in the public life of military collectives. Many of them, the best trained of them, are assistants to the leaders of groups of public-state training of personnel, periodically inform soldiers and sailors on issues of internal and international life countries.

On present stage development of the Armed Forces of Russia, the role of sergeants (foremen) has increased significantly. The army and navy are now equipped with sophisticated weapons and equipment. Their service requires high skill from each soldier entering the squad, calculation, crew. These requirements are especially relevant for junior commanders. First of all, this is the education of personal responsibility and constant readiness for the armed defense of the Fatherland in their subordinates. "Protection of the Fatherland," is stated in Article 59 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, "is the duty and obligation of a citizen of the Russian Federation." It follows from this that the defense of the Fatherland is of national importance. This is the reason for the personal responsibility of a warrior for his protection; all other qualities are based on it, on personal responsibility. The responsibility of a warrior is a special category.

Loyalty to constitutional duty is also the core quality of a warrior, it is the backbone of his character. It is fidelity to constitutional duty that enables a soldier to devote all his spiritual and physical strength to military labor, selflessly serve the people, and strengthen the security of the Fatherland. Loyalty to duty inspires a warrior to exploits in the name of the Motherland.

Concrete expression of the constitutional duty of a soldier is military duty. The essence of military duty is described in Article 24 of the Law "On the Status of Servicemen": "Protection of the state sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Russian Federation, ensuring the security of the state, repelling an armed attack, as well as fulfilling tasks in accordance with the international obligations of the Russian Federation."

In the work of sergeants (foremen) to strengthen military discipline, it is important to actively and constantly patriotic education subordinates. Patriotism, love for the Motherland is the ideological basis of high moral, psychological and combat qualities, discipline of soldiers and sailors. Without this foundation, the army not only cannot function normally, but even exist. The famous Russian military teacher, General P.I. Treskin rightly noted: "Without patriotism, a soldier is not a warrior ... The spirit of patriotism must underlie and crown the military system, otherwise it will have no value." High discipline is achieved when soldiers and sailors deeply realize the importance of military discipline, understand its vital necessity and strict duty. Without this, conscientious fulfillment of military duty will remain only a dream. This should be known and taken into account in their work by junior commanders. After all, it is no coincidence that in the Disciplinary Regulations the responsibility of a soldier, military discipline and military duty are considered inseparable unity.

The discipline of soldiers and sailors largely depends on how well they know and fulfill the requirements of the Military Oath and military regulations. Military regulations have absorbed the experience of training and indoctrination of troops accumulated over the centuries, they represent a true code of laws of military service. Therefore, the duty of junior commanders is to deeply study the regulations with subordinates, to take care of the strict fulfillment of their requirements.

Practice shows that the effectiveness of this work depends on the extent to which the junior commanders themselves know and comply with the requirements of the regulations, and serve as an example for subordinates in this respect. Of great benefit is the use of various forms and methods of studying charters - an exchange of views in the department (calculation), meetings with veterans of the Great Patriotic War and combatants in Afghanistan and Chechnya, discussion of books read and films watched, dedicated to exploits our soldiers, etc. Of invaluable importance is the exactingness of junior commanders, strict, equal and fair demand from subordinates for the impeccable fulfillment of statutory requirements. Russian writer N.A. Dobrolyubov somehow correctly remarked: "The chief must constantly try to show ... that he notices everything, looks at everything and always knows whether his order is executed as he wanted." When discussing this issue, it is advisable to consider the experience of advanced sergeants - demanding and exacting.

An important place in the work of junior commanders is occupied by the training of subordinates in military skills. The laws "On Defense", "On the Status of Servicemen", and military regulations emphasize that servicemen must improve their military skills, keep weapons and military equipment in constant readiness for use, and protect military property. This is due to their military discipline. In addition, this requirement is most fully fulfilled in the first place by disciplined warriors. It is easy to see that there is an organic, close connection between military discipline, the discipline of soldiers and military skill. This connection is due to the fact that the formation of high moral-psychological and combat qualities and the improvement of military skills are impossible without strong military discipline. A disciplined and efficient soldier treats combat training with full responsibility. He is well aware that qualitative changes in armaments, combat equipment, methods of conducting modern combat impose more stringent requirements on combat readiness. A combat readiness cannot exist without strong, conscious discipline.

It follows from this that sergeants (foremen), taking care of educating subordinates in a high conscious discipline, are called upon to teach them military skills at the same time. Here, a personal example of excellent possession of weapons and military equipment, and their skillful use is certainly important. Only in this case, junior commanders have the moral right to educate their subordinates, instill in them a love for weapons and equipment, and a careful attitude towards them. It is equally important to know the individual characteristics of subordinates, to take them into account in the process of training and education. Let's say there are facts when a young soldier is initially frightened by the complexity of technology. He is insecure about the possibility of mastering it. The squad leader will act wisely, trying to dispel this wrong opinion, to instill confidence in the soldier in his strengths and capabilities. The squad leader must also take into account the unequal level of general training of subordinates, unequal abilities in the study and mastery of weapons and military equipment.

An important direction in the work of sergeants and foremen in strengthening military discipline and maintaining a strict statutory order in the subunit is to instill in subordinates a sense of high vigilance. This is one of the most important requirements of military discipline. The Charter of the Internal Service and the Disciplinary Charter emphasize that military discipline obliges each serviceman "to be vigilant, to strictly keep military and state secrets."

In the most generalized form, the vigilance of soldiers consists in their clear understanding of the complexity and danger of the military-political situation in the world, the need for strict preservation of military and state secrets, in the ability to recognize the insidious machinations of the enemy and successfully counteract his subversive activities. And the facts show that activities of this nature exist. But the highest manifestation of vigilance is the maintenance of constant combat readiness.

The work of sergeants (foremen) to strengthen military discipline, maintain a strict statutory order in the unit is also carried out in some other areas. Of great importance is the rallying of the military collective and the use of its capabilities in instilling discipline in subordinates, military comradeship, and the collective responsibility of the entire squad (crew) for the service and behavior of each soldier and sailor. The ability of sergeants and foremen to correctly build relationships with subordinates in accordance with their individual characteristics, the art of managing interpersonal relations in a military team has a very positive effect on strengthening military discipline. In this regard, it is important to know well the real structure of interpersonal relations in the department, the composition of micro groups, their focus, leaders, etc. This will facilitate the subject educational work to strengthen military discipline, eliminate negative phenomena (hazing, etc.) among soldiers and sailors.

The military collectives of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation are multinational. Therefore, in strengthening military discipline and maintaining high combat readiness, the work of sergeants (foremen) in the international education of soldiers is of great importance. First of all, it is necessary to form in them respect for national feelings, customs and traditions.

The military manuals emphasize that the main method is the method of persuasion, addressed to the mind and feelings of soldiers. However, it does not at all exclude coercive measures. The work of sergeants and petty officers gives the desired result if they have a correct, informed disciplinary practice. The disciplinary charter requires: not a single violator of military discipline should evade responsibility, but not a single innocent should be punished. We are talking about the skillful combination and correct application of measures of persuasion, coercion and public influence on soldiers and sailors.

Thus, military discipline is an exceptionally capacious and broad concept, covering essentially all spheres of life and activity of servicemen. Therefore, the ways, forms and methods of work of junior commanders in educating subordinates in the spirit of unquestioning obedience and diligence, strict observance of the requirements of the Military Oath and military regulations are diverse. The team leader is encouraged to highlight these areas, using specific examples from the life of his unit.

Exercise 40. Overcoming a single obstacle course as part of a unit.

It is carried out as part of units with personal weapons and a gas mask. Uniform - No. 4. Distance - 400 m. Starting position - standing in front of the trench, weapon in hand; jump over the trench and run 100 m along the path towards the start line of the strip, go around the flag, take boxes weighing 24 kg (the number of boxes is one less than the number of servicemen); jump into the ditch, run along the bottom and jump out of it; overcome the labyrinth under the transverse beams, climb over the fence; climb a vertical ladder to the second (curved) section of the destroyed bridge, run along the beams, jumping over the gap, and jump to the ground from the end of the last section of the beam; overcome three steps of the destroyed stairs with the obligatory touch of the ground between the steps with two feet, run under the fourth, climb through the wall gap, jump into the trench and go along the communication to the well; jump out of the well and climb over the wall; run under the fourth and third steps of the stairs, overcome the second and first steps with the obligatory touching of the ground between the steps with both feet; climb over the fence; jump into the ditch, run along the bottom and jump out of it, run 20 m, put the boxes and go around the flag, run 100 m along the path in the opposite direction.

Exercise 41. Running with overcoming the obstacle course as part of the unit.

It is carried out as part of the crew, calculation, squad, platoon with personal weapons and a gas mask. During the exercise, mutual assistance is allowed without the transfer of weapons, gas masks and other items of equipment. Time is determined by the last soldier. Distance - 1100 and 3100 m. Dress code - No. 4.

Run 1 or 3 km. Overcome the obstacle course: overcome the moat; run through the passages of the labyrinth; climb over the fence; overcome the destroyed staircase, stepping on three steps; jump to the ground, run under the fourth step; overcome the wall jump over the trench.

CONCLUSION

Thus, the most important requirement in organizing the repair of vehicles in combat conditions is to ensure the restoration of the maximum number of vehicles in a short time (restoring the mobility of troops), which is of paramount importance for maintaining the combat capability of units and subunits. This is the main task of the automobile service officer.

Topic 8. The content of the work of junior commanders in the education of soldiers in the spirit of high vigilance and combat readiness.

INTRODUCTION

1. The main directions, forms and methods of work of sergeants to increase the vigilance and combat readiness of units.

The education of personnel in the spirit of high vigilance and combat readiness occupies a special place in the entire system of troop and naval training. This is predetermined by the very appointment of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, designed to reliably protect the peace. the labor of the people and the security of the Motherland.

The Government of the Russian Federation is doing everything necessary to ensure that the Armed Forces reliably ensure the security of our country. The government's constant attention to increasing the combat readiness of the Armed Forces is quite natural. This is especially important in the current conditions, when the aggressive policy of the United States and those who follow in its wake is becoming more and more dangerous. Contrary to the objective realities that currently exist, and ultimately contrary to common sense in general, Washington is still doing everything to militarily surpass the Russian Federation and thereby free its hands in gaining world domination.

Thus, the high combat readiness of the army and navy is an objective necessity, due to the fact that the threat of war, the threat of aggression from the United States and NATO countries is a harsh reality of our days. This requires Russian soldiers to double, triple vigilance, tireless daily work to strengthen the country's defense, increase the combat power and combat readiness of the army and navy.

The high combat readiness of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and the armies of the EVRAZES countries is a powerful factor restraining the aspirations of the imperialists to use military force against the Russian Federation, an important condition for maintaining peace throughout the world. At the same time, our high combat readiness is a guarantee of an immediate repulse of aggression and a decisive defeat of the enemy in the event that he unleashes a war.

High combat readiness is achieved by a complex of various measures and efforts, among which the most important are: excellent moral-political, combat and psychological qualities of soldiers; a reliable, well-developed material and technical basis for the army and navy; masterful use by warriors of equipment and weapons; comprehensive field, air and sea training of the personnel of the troops, aviation and navy, mastering by soldiers the art of conducting modern combat; the proper level of development of Russian military science and its effective use; the ability of commanding cadres and staffs to firmly control the troops; high level of organization and strong military discipline; the ability of commanders and educator officers to mobilize all personnel to perform the most complex combat training tasks, etc.

The Government of the Russian Federation considers all the components of combat readiness as a whole. Through the prism of combat readiness, both combat training and combat duty, internal and guard duty, the behavior of personnel in the ranks and out of the ranks - in a word, all the activities of soldiers are assessed. For each of them, constant high combat readiness is a natural state, the most important attribute military service. To be constantly collected, ready in the shortest possible time to solve a combat mission, no matter what business one is engaged in, wherever one is, is an indispensable condition for a soldier to fulfill his duty.

In maintaining high combat readiness, the time factor is of particular importance. And. This is due to modern challenges in the field of geopolitics, the characteristics of weapons and the nature of modern war as a whole. The enormous flight speeds of missiles and aircraft require bringing troops into readiness for action literally in a matter of minutes. Only under this condition is it possible to ensure the effective repulsion or disruption of sudden attacks by the aggressor, the successful completion of combat missions, especially by missile forces, air defense systems, and aviation, which keep track of time in seconds. That is why the question of a high constant combat readiness that guarantees an immediate rebuff to any aggressor is now so acute.

All this presupposes a restructuring of the consciousness of people called up for the Armed Forces, and therefore, should be most widely reflected in the content of combat training, political and military education, in the moral, political and psychological training of the armed defenders of Russia.

The most important component of combat readiness is the degree of equipment of the Armed Forces, the improvement of their material and technical base. The scientific and technical potential of the Russian Federation serves as a solid basis for further strengthening the defense capability of our country.

However, the technical equipment of the troops, no matter how high it may be, does not in itself ensure victory over a strong and treacherous enemy. For this, it is important that the personnel be able to use formidable military equipment and weapons with deep knowledge of the matter. That is why one of the responsible tasks of increasing the combat readiness of our Armed Forces is to teach soldiers to master the weapons and military equipment entrusted to them,

ESSENCE AND PRINCIPLES OF EDUCATION

The education of military personnel is a purposeful and systematic influence on the mind, feelings and will of soldiers in order to form in them high moral and combat qualities that determine their expedient behavior in a peaceful environment, in battle, and the correct attitude to their military duty.

The principles of upbringing are the initial pedagogical provisions that reflect the laws of the upbringing process and serve as the norm for the activities of educators. The basic principles of education include; purposefulness; education in the process of military and social activities; education in the team and through the team; individual and differentiated approach to soldiers; a combination of exactingness with respect for the personal dignity of soldiers and concern for them; reliance on the positive in the personality of soldiers and the team; unity, consistency and continuity of educational influences.

purposefulness imposes a number of requirements on the activities of commanders. These include: a clear and precise understanding of the goals and objectives of the education of soldiers, of all educational work; planning of the process of education; expediency in the choice of means, techniques, methods and forms of education; perseverance and perseverance in achieving educational goals and objectives; the formation of an interested and active attitude among soldiers to the goals and tasks of education, their inclusion in the process of self-education. This principle presupposes the connection of education with life, the requirements of combat activity, and requires that educational work be structured in such a way that all soldiers deeply understand the course and prospects of social development, correctly understand the events in our country and around the world, deeply realize the tasks assigned to the Armed Forces, personal responsibility for the defense of their Fatherland.

^ Education in the process of military and social activities. A decisive role in the formation of a person's personality, in the development of his moral and combat qualities belongs to military activity. In the course of it, moral and combat qualities are consolidated and improved among soldiers: discipline, independence, initiative, courage, determination, perseverance, long-term effort of will, endurance, mutual assistance, and psychological readiness for the successful conduct of modern combat.

The educational role of military labor depends on the observance of a number of conditions. First of all, it is important by means of education to achieve an understanding by the soldiers of the expediency and social significance of the tasks that they were entrusted with. The educational impact of military labor increases if elements of competition and competitiveness are introduced into it. The educational role of labor increases if the commander and the military collective timely identify and encourage distinguished soldiers, support the diligent, enterprising ones, and condemn the negligent ones. Pedagogically valuable is a reasonable combination of mental work with physical, hard work with rest and cultural leisure. This helps to prevent overwork and the hostile attitude of soldiers to work.

^ Education in the team and through the team. This principle requires the commander to constantly take care of rallying his subordinates into a friendly, strong family, about the formation of a sense of military comradeship, brotherhood, collectivism in them. Without this, in modern conditions, it is unthinkable to achieve victory in battle.

The successful realization by the commander of the educational possibilities of the military collective is carried out on the basis of certain requirements. The most important of these are the following: the establishment and strict observance of statutory relationships in the collective, discussion with the soldiers of the results of study and service, organization of mutual assistance, development of principled criticism and self-criticism, and the accumulation of positive traditions in the collective.

^ Individual and differentiated approach to warriors. Russian soldiers are brought up in a team, but each soldier is a specific person with individual qualities characteristic only of him. At the same time, soldiers have some common features, determined by their age, profession, work experience, education, etc. All these features are manifested in the behavior of soldiers and constitute the objective reality that commanders must inevitably reckon with. The educator is obliged to deeply and comprehensively know the characteristics of warriors and take them into account in the process of education.

^ A combination of exactingness with respect for the personal dignity of soldiers and care for them. IN this principle, two sides are merged together educational process: exactingness and respect for the person. It is a well-known truth that the exactingness of the boss towards his subordinates must necessarily be combined with the exactingness towards himself, otherwise it will turn into an empty formality.

A demanding commander should be characterized by such traits as adherence to principles and intolerance to shortcomings, perseverance and determination in carrying out his demands, establishing personal responsibility of military personnel for the task assigned, and strict control over execution.

^ Reliance on the positive in the personality of soldiers and the team. Any warrior, even the most difficult to educate, must have positive traits, correct views, good feelings. Finding this good, developing, encouraging it and relying on it in educating subordinates is the direct responsibility of the sergeant.

The principle of relying on the positive requires the support and development of the good both in the individual and in the team,

^ Unity, consistency and continuity of educational influences. The success of the education of soldiers is directly dependent on the consistency in the work of sergeants, ensigns, and officers. To achieve consistency in working with people means to make uniform demands on subordinates, to educate them through the joint efforts of sergeants, ensigns and officers. Continuity in education means the preservation, consolidation and further development in the practice of education of all that is positive that has been accumulated in education, in the life of the team by previous educators.
^

EDUCATIONAL METHODS

The method of military education is a set of means and methods of uniform pedagogical influence on soldiers in order to form necessary qualities to perform military duty. The main methods of education of Russian soldiers are: persuasion, example, exercise, competition, encouragement, criticism and self-criticism, coercion. In practice, these methods are most often used in combination and in various combinations. The main forms of educational work are: classes in public and state training, conversations, debates, etc. They must meet the requirements that follow from the tasks assigned to the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

^ Method of Persuasion- the main method of education of Russian soldiers. To convince means, relying on logical arguments, scientific data, reliable facts of life, practices, personal experience of soldiers, to ensure that the requirements of the Military Oath and military regulations turn into deep personal convictions of soldiers, become motives for their behavior, a guide to action. Method of persuasion - explanation, clarification, suggestion, proof, appeal, etc.

The most important condition for successful persuasion is the ability of a sergeant to win over his subordinates, win their trust, achieve mutual understanding, show perseverance, endurance, patience and tact.

^ Example method- the purposeful and systematic influence of educators on soldiers by the power of personal example, as well as all kinds of positive examples as a role model, an incentive in competition and the basis for the formation of a high ideal of behavior and life. The educational influence of the example is based on the tendency of people to imitate, on the need to study and borrow the experience of others. Each commander must remember that the personal example of an educator is the most important condition that gives him the moral right to educate others. The personal example of a commander is the basis of his authority, it has an inspiring influence on people in difficult situations, in battle.

^ exercise method. It is possible to develop the will of a soldier, to instill in him courage, determination, self-control only if educational work is combined with constant moral-volitional exercises related to overcoming the difficulties of military service. The essence of the method of training in education consists in organizing the service and the entire life of soldiers in such a way that daily strengthens their consciousness, tempers their will, develops feelings, and makes it possible to acquire positive social experience and the habits of correct behavior.

Exercise in education is carried out indirectly through the solution of daily vital tasks, which are realized by the soldiers. In order to develop courage, perseverance, and initiative in a warrior, he must be systematically placed in conditions in which he would need to display these qualities.

^ Competition method. The essence of competition as a method of education lies in the application of such a system of educational influences on soldiers that develops in them the spirit of comradely competitiveness and healthy rivalry, alignment with the best in studies and in the performance of official duties, cooperation, mutual assistance, pulling up those who are lagging behind to the level of advanced ones and ensures on this basis for achieving high overall results.

^ Reward method- this is a system of means and methods of moral and material incentives for soldiers who have shown a high level of consciousness, zeal, initiative, perseverance in the performance of military duty and have achieved high results in combat training, service, and social work.

When applying encouragement, the commander must remember that encouragement must be pedagogically expedient, have an educational character, and cause positive changes in the activities of the soldier and the military collective, in their qualities. The promotion must be well deserved. It is valuable when delivered in a timely manner.

^ Method of criticism and self-criticism. The essence of the method of criticism and self-criticism in education is the application of a system of educational influences on the military collective and the personality of a soldier, expressed in the form of judgments, analysis, generalization and objective assessment of their activities, views aimed at eliminating the mistakes, shortcomings and negative phenomena they make, the development of high sense of responsibility for their behavior, the state of military discipline, the combat readiness of the unit.

^ Coercion Method applies to individual soldiers whose actions contradict the requirements of the regulations and orders of commanders (chiefs). Coercion includes the following forms of influence: reminder, warning, prohibition, condemnation by comrades. The ultimate measure of coercion is a penalty. To fulfill the requirements of discipline and order, the sergeant is obliged to use all coercive measures, not to leave a single misconduct unaffected, and to strictly exact from the negligent.

The personal example of a sergeant is his main method of working with subordinates, the most important condition for fulfilling his duties. It enhances or weakens the effectiveness of all other methods of education. “The word teaches, but the example leads,” says folk wisdom.
^

5. DIRECTIONS OF WORK OF SERGEANTS
TO STRENGTHEN MILITARY DISCIPLINE

The whole history of human society is connected with discipline. The need to streamline the life and activities of people has forced mankind to develop a number of rules, norms, laws that regulate the behavior of members of society in various situations. All this is especially important in relation to military activity, which is unthinkable without diligence and strict adherence to orders.

The concept of discipline in the writings of ancient philosophers and historians was interpreted as "obedience to legitimate authority", "good order", "coordination of actions". It was also regarded as the great virtue of a citizen warrior, as an important personal quality. So, in discipline Plutarch saw the source of strength and power of the army, the state. Plato also pointed out the obligation to follow the requirements of the norms of society and leaders. In particular, he noted: “... the situation is as follows: whoever took a place in the ranks, finding it the best for himself, or where someone was appointed by the boss, then there ... and must remain, despite the danger, neglecting death. and all but shame."

The first domestic documents, which drew attention to the problem of military discipline, were the "Instructions" of Prince Vladimir Monomakh. In them, he set out the requirements for governors - to be an example for their subordinates in battles, and for combatants - to unquestioningly follow orders. According to the Teachings, warriors were supposed to be silent in the presence of their elders, listen to the wise, and remain in love with the younger ones. It should be noted that in the era of feudal fragmentation, discipline in the princely squads was maintained on the basis of codes of honor, observance of the oath of allegiance. Their violators were kept "in need" (were subjected to punishment) and could be punished up to and including the death penalty. Disciplined behavior was encouraged by various awards ( valuable gifts, property). This approach made it possible to ensure order, organization, and contributed to the victories of our ancestors over numerous invaders.

The development of military affairs, the change in the means and methods of warfare required even greater organization and diligence.

Word "discipline" in Latin means "teaching". The concept of "discipline" is also interpreted as "obligatory for all members of any team obedience to the statutory order, rules", as restraint, the habit of strict order. In a broad sense, discipline is seen as a necessary condition for the normal existence of any society, thanks to which collective activity and the normal functioning of social organizations are ensured.

With the help of discipline, coordination of actions is achieved, subordination and comradely assistance are ensured. Compliance with discipline makes it possible to apply the efforts of many people at the same time, it is a highly effective means of social management.

There are the following types of state discipline - this is public, labor, discipline of public organizations. It is acceptable to talk about discipline performing, financial, educational, discipline time etc. At the same time, it is important to understand that such a division carries an element of a certain conventionality.

Military discipline is one of the forms of state discipline, the basis of the combat readiness and combat capability of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

It is designed to regulate the military order, the relationship between military personnel, relations in subunits in order to ensure high organization and combat effectiveness. Its difference from other types of discipline is due to the nature of military activity, which requires from the people who carry it out special composure, accuracy, diligence, endurance, mutual understanding, mobility, speed in the execution of all orders, etc. Because of this, military discipline is characterized by a number of features: the obligatory nature of its requirements for all categories of military personnel; the coincidence of the goals of legality and military discipline; detailed regulation of the rules of conduct for the entire spectrum of military activities; increased legal responsibility for violating the order and rules of military service; mandatory observance of moral norms, supported by statutory requirements; disciplinary responsibility for violation of the rules, norms not only in official, but also in off-duty situations; unity of unconditional fulfillment of established norms and manifestation of activity, independence, creativity, etc.

A well-known truth: without discipline, not a single army in the world can be combat-ready. One of the outstanding military figures and educators of Russia, General M. I. Dragomirov, described a military unit in which a high level of discipline is maintained in the following way: “Such a unit (unit) may not knock out touching percentages when firing, may not be particularly solid in the ranks. She may lose her footing, but she never will. And in difficult times, of course, it will be preferred to those who knock out interest and march perfectly, but are not so reliable.

The concept of "discipline" means a specific quality of a warrior that ensures his stable behavior in accordance with the rules in conditions military service. It is characterized by external and internal indicators.

^ External indicators of discipline:

Strict observance of military order;

Accurate and proactive execution of orders and orders of commanders and superiors;

Careful attitude to weapons and military equipment, their competent use in solving combat training and service tasks;

Exemplary appearance.

^ Internal indicators of discipline:

Belief in the need for military discipline:

Knowledge of regulations and instructions, requirements of military service;

Ability to manage oneself in accordance with the requirements of military discipline;

Skills and habits of disciplined behavior;

Self-discipline.

Of course, the relationship between external and internal indicators of the discipline of a particular soldier is ambiguous. It can be harmonious, but it also happens that a warrior observes a certain order, not being convinced of its necessity. In this case, the prevailing understanding is that a violation will be followed by severe punishment. The complexity of the tasks solved by military units, the problem of staffing and much more require that each serviceman be sympathetic to the requirements placed on him, serve not out of fear, but out of conscience. Only then can one speak of high conscious discipline. Discipline as a personal quality is not born together with a person, and even more so is not given to a warrior along with shoulder straps. It is formed and developed in the course of his army life and work. Let us consider the priority areas of work of commanders in the formation and development of discipline among soldiers.

^ The main directions of the formation and development of discipline among military personnel:

Skillful management of the activities and behavior of military personnel;

Maintaining a strict statutory order in the unit; effective educational work; self-education of discipline;

Caring for a healthy moral and psychological climate in the team.

When working with servicemen under a contract, it is necessary to take into account in the work the issues of caring for the family of a serviceman and the implementation of the terms of the contract concluded by him,

It is impossible to instill in soldiers the principles of discipline without monitoring their full and exact observance of the requirements of the regulations. At the same time, one should not forget about the formation of the motivational and orienting basis of their behavior. In other words, every time you need to explain why and how to act in certain situations. Skillful organization of this work helps the soldiers overcome the negative reactions caused by the difficulties of service, especially in the first period, quickly and painlessly adapt to the daily routine, get into line sooner and achieve positive results in combat training in the future.

In parallel, work is carried out in the team:

Cultivating positive relationships;

Formation of a healthy public opinion and unity of views on the main issues of service and combat training;

Overcoming negatively directed leadership;

Maintaining friendship and mutual assistance, attentive and demanding attitude of colleagues to each other.

Practice shows: easier to achieve desired results if the warriors themselves are actively involved in the solution of this task.

The formation of discipline skills among military personnel, readiness to flawlessly fulfill the requirements of the Military Oath and military regulations begins from the first day of their service. At the same time, it is important for the sergeant to bring to the consciousness of each subordinate not only the content, but also the deep meaning, the social significance of discipline.

Each sergeant must be close to his subordinates, know their needs and requests, achieve their satisfaction, prevent rudeness and humiliation of the personal dignity of his subordinates, constantly serve as an example of strict observance of laws, military regulations and orders, be an example of moral purity, honesty, modesty and justice. .

An analysis of disciplinary offenses committed by personnel shows that many of them are due to miscalculations in the sphere of relations between the boss - the subordinate, the individual - the team. In some cases, shortcomings in the work of a sergeant indirectly affect the emergence of a conflict, while in others they become a direct cause of a violation of discipline.

The most common wrong actions of the sergeants themselves include: the uneven distribution of loads allowed by them between soldiers of different periods of service; unwillingness, and sometimes inability to delve into off-duty relations and moods of soldiers; condoning the desire of individual soldiers to receive privileges, to occupy a special position, to subordinate other soldiers to their influence.

The weak exactingness of some sergeants, the lack of methodological skills of education in others, the lack of pedagogical tact in still others are just some of the bottlenecks in their activities that occur in practice.

The basis of the work of a sergeant to strengthen military discipline is a deep study of subordinates, their strengths and weaknesses, habits, inclinations, interests and ideals. The most justified methods of studying personnel by a sergeant during Everyday life are: individual conversations; careful study of the attitude to the case of one or another subordinate in the course of classes, service, rest; wide use opinions of officers and ensigns, other sergeants about the soldiers.

The study of subordinates should be objective, impartial, should not be reduced to looking for flaws. It is necessary to notice and celebrate every success of a warrior, to be able to discern the good in each and use it to educate the individual. Recognition of success inspires the soldier, gives him strength for the future. Under these conditions, he often has a desire to excel in the service. A correct opinion can only be formed if it is judged not by words, but by deeds.

For the education of discipline, the correct organization of the educational process is necessary. Sergeants must create an environment conducive to the development of a sense of duty, initiative, high organization and independence among subordinates. Ensure timely start and end of classes. A well-conducted lesson always activates the mental activity of the trainees, instills the habit of accuracy, composure and organization. Discipline is also a clear organization of maintenance of equipment, park and business days.

Skillful disciplinary practice is of no small importance in strengthening discipline. Disciplinary practice is a system that has developed in the Armed Forces for applying incentives and disciplinary sanctions to military personnel of the MSR in order to educate them and strengthen military discipline.

When determining the guilt of a serviceman, the following are taken into account: the nature of the misconduct; the circumstances under which it was committed; the former behavior of the perpetrator, as well as the duration of his military service and the degree of knowledge of the order of service.

When imposing a disciplinary sanction, the sergeant must remember that the measure of punishment and the very form of its imposition should be perceived not as actions aimed at humiliating the human dignity of a serviceman, but as the sergeant's desire to help him learn to control his behavior, to behave with dignity. It is necessary to accustom subordinates not to the fear of punishment, but to the shame of committing misconduct. The bias and injustice of the sergeant, rudeness in dealing with subordinates negatively affect the military. Those sergeants who believe that before imposing a disciplinary sanction on a subordinate, it is necessary to understand the degree of his guilt are doing the right thing. It is also expedient to carry out the removal of disciplinary sanctions strictly individually, when they have played their educational role and the serviceman has really corrected his behavior by exemplary performance of military duty.

Sergeants are required to strictly monitor the maintenance of internal order, the correct fitting of equipment, compliance with the established rules for wearing military uniform clothing, as well as military discipline in the ranks. Everyday, precise fulfillment of these duties by junior commanders has an impact on instilling in soldiers the skills and habits of disciplined behavior, forms an intolerant attitude towards looseness, and develops diligence.

Each serviceman must be confident in the protection of his rights and legitimate interests, in the inviolability of his person, in respect for his honor and dignity. Maintaining the rules of relations between military personnel established by military regulations in the unit is one of the priorities of the sergeant.

Special thoughtfulness and organization require work with military personnel performing tasks in isolation from the unit, on guard and daily duty. There should be no place for a superficial approach. The composition of these teams must be carefully selected, taking into account psychological features military personnel.

It has its own characteristics of working with military personnel who are prone to To violation of military discipline. At the same time, it is extremely important to identify the specific reasons for their dishonest attitude to service, to look for positive qualities in each such person, to encourage, develop them, to emphasize that the norm of life for a serviceman is honesty, personal responsibility for the task assigned, exemplary performance of military duty.

Of great importance in modern conditions is the struggle for healthy lifestyle life. Junior commanders are called upon to set a personal example in this, and also to explain to the personnel that drunkenness and drug addiction are completely intolerable phenomena in the army, they are the worst enemies of combat readiness.

Each sergeant is obliged to systematically analyze the state of military discipline of the servicemen subordinate to him, timely and objectively report on its state to a higher commander. Some sergeants, trying to hide the misdeeds of their subordinates from commanders, thereby condone violators. This can lead to gross disciplinary offenses, and often to incidents and crimes.

The sergeant needs to take care of improving the material and living conditions of his subordinates, to know exactly all the norms of allowance, to strictly monitor the completeness of their communication. He must take care of organizing the rest and leisure of his subordinates, since this is an important part of the sergeant's work in maintaining military discipline. His task is to ensure that every soldier is recorded in the library, to encourage reading newspapers and magazines in every possible way, to engage in amateur art and sports.

The authority of the sergeant contributes to the strengthening of military discipline in the unit. First of all, it is determined by a personal example of attitude to the performance of military duty.
^

Variant of the work system of the squad leader
to maintain military discipline

Daily:

Know where subordinates are, check them at each formation, report on those who are absent;

Monitor the implementation of the daily routine, internal order in the platoon (squad), demand that subordinates observe military discipline;

Conduct individual interviews with one or two subordinates;

Ensure compliance with the rules for wearing military uniforms;

Report to the direct commander on all complaints and requests of subordinates, on incentives and penalties imposed on them, as well as on cases of loss or malfunction of weapons and other materiel;

Ensure compliance with safety requirements by personnel when working with weapons and military equipment, as well as during classes and chores;

Summarize the results of each lesson and at the end of the day evaluate the attitude of subordinates to the performance of official duties and their personal discipline.

Weekly:

To talk with each subordinate soldier, to assist the replenishment who arrived in adapting to the conditions of military service;

Observe the sequence and uniformity when appointing to the outfit, as well as when dismissing from the location of the unit;

Conduct additional classes to explain the requirements of the Disciplinary Charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation with military personnel who are prone to violations of military discipline;

Report to the immediate commander on the state of military discipline among subordinates, the measures taken to strengthen it, to petition, if necessary, for the encouragement of those who distinguished themselves and the punishment of violators.
^

6. WORK OF SERGEANTS
TO MAINTAIN THE STATUTORY ORDER

TASKS OF SERGEANTS
FOR Fulfillment of the requirements of general military regulations
ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

General military regulations occupy a special place in the life of the Armed Forces. They are rightly considered a set of laws of military service. Its entire way of life: combat training, carrying out internal, garrison and guard services, organizing everyday life and leisure - is determined and regulated by charters. They establish provisions that define the relationship between military personnel, their rights, official and special duties, the responsibility of military personnel, the procedure for performing service, and are aimed at achieving one goal - the establishment of a statutory order in military units and subunits, defining the duties of military personnel for its guidance and maintenance.

General military charters on sergeants - deputy commanders of platoons, commanders of departments (crews, crews) are responsible for training, education, military discipline, morale, combat bearing and appearance of subordinates, the correct use and conservation of weapons, military equipment, equipment, uniforms , shoes and keeping them in order and serviceability, ensuring the safety requirements of military service.

Performing official and special duties, commanding squads and crews, sergeants are required to know the provisions of general military regulations, organize the establishment and maintenance of internal order in the unit, perform exemplary internal, garrison and guard services, set an example of conscientious performance of military duty and demand this from subordinates.

The establishment and maintenance of the statutory order in the unit, that is, the implementation of the entire life and activities of subordinates in accordance with general military regulations, require sergeants to carry out a lot of organizational and daily educational work with personnel.

Sergeants - deputy commanders of platoons, commanders of departments (crews, crews) in the course of training and performing tasks of the internal, garrison and guard services study with their subordinates and get them to know the requirements of general military regulations. Such provisions of the general military regulations as the duties of a soldier, orderly and sentry, the duties of a soldier before formation and in the ranks, the main provisions of the Disciplinary Regulations, soldiers must know by heart and be guided by them in everyday life.

Sergeants are required to accustom subordinates to comply with the statutory order as soon as they arrive at the unit, at every lesson, exercise, while serving in a daily outfit, in everyday life. To instill a conscientious attitude to service, not to allow deviations from general military regulations, to be constantly exacting is an important duty of junior commanders.

Demanding should always be justified, constant and apply equally to all military personnel. It must be remembered that exactingness is inextricably linked with caring for a person, respect for his human dignity, trust in his strengths and capabilities.

A sensitive and caring attitude towards subordinates is a characteristic feature of a true commander. At the same time, it has nothing to do with fawning over subordinates, with the desire to win cheap prestige with unprincipled kindness. Taking care of subordinates means taking all measures so that they quickly master military affairs, learn to overcome difficulties and trials, receive their due allowances in a timely manner, and their needs and requests are not left without due attention. Taking care of subordinates means creating for them, within the framework of the requirements of the charters, all the conditions for the successful fulfillment of the tasks assigned to them.
^

WORK OF SERGEANTS
ON ORGANIZATION OF IMPLEMENTATION BY PERSONNEL
ROUTE OF THE DAY AND KEEPING THE INTERNAL ORDER

One of the main conditions for maintaining the statutory order in the subdivision is the exact implementation of the daily routine. NCOs play an important role in solving this problem in the unit.

Performing the duties of a company duty officer, the sergeant - commander of the squad (crew, calculation) 10 minutes before the “Rise” signal, raises the deputy platoon commanders and the foreman of the company, and at the “Rise” signal, produces a general rise of the company and announces the uniform for morning physical exercises . Commanders of squads (crews, crews) control the rise of personnel, check its presence. After that, the duty officer builds a company. The foreman of the company accepts the report of the company officer on duty. While the company is on charge, the regular cleaners under the guidance of the company on duty put things in order in the dormitory and ventilate it.

The unit, returning from physical exercise, proceeds to the morning toilet and bed making. Sergeants - deputy platoon commanders, commanders of squads (crews, crews) closely monitor how carefully the soldiers perform such daily operations as making beds, putting uniforms and shoes in order, putting things in order in bedside tables.

After the time allotted for the morning toilet and making the beds, the company duty officer gives the command: "Company, for the morning inspection - STAND". Deputy platoon commanders (commanders of squads, crews, crews) line up their subordinates. The company officer on duty reports to the foreman about the readiness of the company. At the command of the foreman, the deputy platoon commanders and squad leaders begin their morning inspection. It should begin with a check of the personnel in the ranks. After that, sergeants - deputy platoon commanders, commanders of departments (crews, crews) proceed to inspect the appearance of military personnel, check their compliance with personal hygiene rules, serviceability of uniforms, shoes, and haircuts.

Periodically, during the morning inspection, the condition of the legs, footcloths and underwear is checked, and other items of uniforms and equipment may also be examined. Soldiers who need medical care, are recorded by the company on duty in the patient record book for referral to the medical center of the military unit. On the results of the inspection and the availability of personnel, the sergeants - commanders of departments (crews, crews) report to the deputy platoon commanders, and those to the foreman of the company.

Classes must begin exactly at the scheduled time. Before the start of classes, sergeants - commanders of squads (crews, crews) and deputy platoon commanders check the presence of subordinates and inspect whether they are dressed in uniform, whether the equipment is properly fitted and whether the weapon is loaded. Then the deputy platoon commanders report to the platoon commanders on the readiness of the personnel for training.

In combat training classes, sergeants must achieve complete assimilation of the issues being studied by their subordinates, maintain order and organization at training places, avoiding easing and simplifications, violations of safety requirements. After the end of classes, they are obliged to check the availability of personnel, equipment and educational equipment, whether weapons are loaded and whether unused ammunition and imitation equipment have been handed over by all military personnel. The test results are reported on command.

When building for each meal, sergeants - deputy platoon commanders, commanders of squads (crews, crews) must check the availability of personnel, the condition of uniforms and shoes, and the observance by all military personnel of the rules of personal hygiene. In the dining room, each department (calculation, crew), as a rule, has dining tables assigned to them. A senior sergeant or soldier is appointed to each table.

In the afternoon, the daily routine provides for the care of weapons and military equipment. Weapon cleaning should begin with a safety briefing and be conducted under the supervision of deputy platoon leaders.

The task of the sergeants self-training- provide the personnel with the necessary literature, visual and other aids, work individually with those who are lagging behind and prepare for classes the next day.

During the time provided for the personal needs of military personnel, junior commanders not only personally prepare for the next day, but also check the preparation of their subordinates: whether collars are hemmed, whether shoes and uniforms are in good order.

On the evening walk, conducted by the foreman of the company or one of the deputy platoon commanders, the personnel performs marching songs as part of the unit. At the end of the walk, the company duty officer gives the command: "Company, for the evening verification - STAND". Deputy platoon commanders, squad (crew, crew) commanders line up their units. During the evening verification, the presence of personnel is checked, orders and orders are brought, the order for the next day is announced, and the combat crew is specified in case of alarm and fire. The deputy platoon commanders appoint the next cleaners for the next day.

Before going to bed, the sergeants should check that the subordinates follow the rules of personal hygiene and dress the uniforms. The duty officer for the company clarifies the tasks of the orderly to restore order in the premises of the company and in the territory assigned to the company.

Thus, the work of sergeants in the implementation of the daily routine should be constantly aimed at the strict implementation of all its elements, at maintaining military discipline, organization and observance of uniforms. The personal exemplification of sergeants - commanders of departments (crews, crews) in the implementation of the daily routine and their exactingness towards subordinates are important.
^

WORK OF SERGEANTS
ON PREPARATION OF PERSONNEL FOR CARRYING
SERVICES IN GARRISON AND DAILY ATTRACTS

The daily order is assigned to maintain internal order, protect personnel, weapons, military equipment, ammunition, premises and property of a military unit (subdivision), as well as to perform other internal service duties.

Service in daily duty is accompanied by a set of measures: the selection and placement of personnel, their theoretical and practical training, the organization of the service itself, educational work, control over the service and summing up. In all these events, sergeants take the most direct, active part.

The sequence of outfits in the company between platoons is established by the foreman of the company, and in the platoon - by the deputy platoon commander. The number of orders should be distributed evenly and fairly.

When appointing a squad, it is necessary to take into account not only the degree of training of soldiers and sergeants, but also their personal qualities: discipline, vigilance, organizational skills, initiative and intolerance to shortcomings, endurance. It is also impossible not to take into account the state of their health, the situation in the family, relations with relatives and friends. Ignorance of people, incorrect assessment of the psychological, moral and physical condition of military personnel when they are assigned to a squad can lead to a violation of military discipline and even to crimes.

On the night preceding the outfit, persons assigned to the daily outfit must be released from all classes and work.

The duties of the persons of the daily duty are determined by the statutes and must be carried out in full, without any derogations. The slightest violation of the statutory provisions can lead to non-fulfillment or disruption of the tasks set. Therefore, before stepping into the outfit, each soldier must know how to serve. To do this, classes are organized and conducted to study the provisions of charters, instructions and other documents.

The training of personnel for guard duty is carried out in three stages:

first- 2-3 days before joining the outfit, the selection and distribution of guard personnel is carried out according to the report card;

second- on the day preceding entry into the outfit, at the hours specified in the daily routine, a lesson is held with the guard personnel to study the provisions of the charters, the time sheet for posts, specifying special duties and options for sentry actions at posts, as well as instructions and requirements on the layout of protected objects safety in handling weapons;

third- on the day of entering the guard, a practical lesson is held with practicing the actions of sentries at posts. The basis for the successful service of the daily duty is its practical training. Practical classes are held at the places where the servicemen will serve: with a company outfit - in a subunit, with guard personnel - at a guard camp, etc.

A practical lesson with the personnel of the guard is organized and conducted by the unit commander. Training at training sites, as a rule, is carried out by the assistant commander of the guard and the guards appointed from among the sergeants - deputy platoon commanders, squad commanders (crews, crews). Usually they conduct training in loading and unloading weapons, train soldiers in the procedure for accepting and surrendering a post, changing sentries, sentry actions in case of fire, and working out other inputs. At the guard camp, at training places, by the method of training, the assistant chief of the guard and the breeders teach the guards the procedure for accepting and surrendering the post, as determined by the Charter of the garrison and guard services, and serving, taking into account its features. At the same time, primary attention is paid to maintaining constant vigilance and observing the order in which weapons are used.

At a practical lesson, the assistant chief of the guard and the guards make sure that each guard knows not only the statutory requirements, but also what is under his protection and defense, the features of the post, the route of movement, the placement of objects and the procedure for their protection, the location of trenches, the availability of lighting, security equipment and fire alarms, the location of guard towers and fungi, fire extinguishing equipment. Particular attention is drawn to the study of the boundaries of the post, the most dangerous approaches to it, the sectors of fire and the procedure for using weapons.

The daily squad for the company is engaged in the unit, where, under the guidance of the foreman of the company, they study: the duties of the duty officer and orderly, the daily routine, instructions on the procedure for raising the unit on alarm, according to fire safety requirements, the scheme of the area assigned to the unit for cleaning.

Before joining the outfit, the servicemen must put their appearance in exemplary order, and the sergeants check how they did it. The exemplary appearance of the daily charge should serve as an example for military personnel and have a disciplining effect on them.

The preparation of a daily outfit for a company includes practicing the practical actions of a duty officer and orderly when declaring an alarm, receiving and issuing weapons and ammunition to personnel, and keeping the premises and territory assigned to the unit clean. Through practical introductory actions, the foreman of the company achieves from the intervening outfit the ability to clearly fulfill his duties of maintaining internal order in the company, observing the daily routine and ensuring the safety of weapons and ammunition, company property and personal belongings of soldiers and sergeants.

In the same order, classes are held with other persons of the daily order. Training is carried out until the actions of the trainees are clear and coordinated.

All persons of the daily duty have a common duty - to vigilantly serve. In the interest of vigilance, the statutes categorically forbid all duty officers and their assistants, heads of guards and guards, orderlies, guards and sentries, even for a minute, stop or transfer to anyone the performance of their duties without special permission or order, leave the appointed place, violate the established mode of service, determined by the relevant instructions.

Service ends with summing up. In the course of it, it is important for sergeants (junior commanders) to emphasize how the statutory duties were carried out, what experience the subordinates gained in the course of their service.

Demanding, principled, business-minded sergeants organize and carry out the service in such a way that the daily attire is always a reliable barrier to violations of the daily routine and military discipline.
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WORK OF SERGEANTS
ON ENSURING THE SECURITY OF THE MILITARY SERVICE,
PRESERVATION AND PROMOTION OF HEALTH
OF PERSONNEL, CARE OF HIS LIFE AND NEEDS

In the work of training and educating subordinates, the exactingness of commanders occupies a special place, and true exactingness is inextricably linked with concern for people. Deeply studying the needs and interests of subordinates, sensitively listening to their moods, satisfying their needs, sergeants thereby unite the units they lead, increase their morale, readiness to perform combat missions.

The main duties of junior commanders at all levels are to supervise the implementation of established security requirements. The complexity and versatility of military service require knowledge and strict adherence to security requirements from each soldier.

Junior commanders in their daily activities are responsible for the fulfillment of safety requirements by the personnel of the squad (crew, crew) during all types of classes and work.

Practice shows that the majority of accidents in the course of classes and work come from ignoring safety requirements by all categories of military personnel.

The sergeant must:

Personally know the safety requirements, organize their study and check the knowledge of their subordinates;

Remind in a timely manner the safety requirements in combat training classes, when working with weapons and military equipment, conducting combat firing and tactical exercises, performing guard and internal services, handling toxic technical liquids, loading (unloading) and transporting personnel, conducting physical training classes. preparation, performance of chores and require subordinates to strictly perform them;

Ensure that at the end of firing and training, subordinates do not have live and blank cartridges, grenades, fuses and explosives;

Be able to provide first aid to the victim and organize his dispatch, if necessary, to a medical facility.

The charters require junior commanders to take care of improving the level of physical fitness, maintaining and strengthening the health of their subordinates, control the completeness of the issuance and quality of the allowances they are entitled to, help their subordinates, and, if necessary, intercede for them before the senior commander.

A special place in the activities of junior commanders should be occupied by the issues of ensuring the life of personnel. If the elementary requirements of the life and way of life of military personnel remain unsatisfied, then calls for compliance with the requirements of discipline will not have any effect on them. Therefore, the basis of order lies in the constant concern for subordinates.

Some aspects of military life, in particular the preservation of the health of military personnel, affect not only the morale of the soldiers, but also directly the state of the troops (forces). Therefore, sergeants are obliged to constantly monitor the health of their subordinates, take measures to harden their bodies, and monitor the observance by military personnel of the rules of personal hygiene.

Experience shows that where a sergeant (junior commander) takes care of the health of subordinate servicemen, soldiers are more resilient, study and service go on in the proper rhythm, which means that there is high combat readiness and organization.

A personal example of fortitude and endurance, care and assistance to a soldier allow the sergeant to actively improve the morale and combat qualities of soldiers during intense exercises, shooting, field exercises, in a combat situation, to teach them what is necessary in war.

sergeant discipline military law and order

The forms of work to maintain and strengthen law and order and military discipline are a set of organizational, technical and educational activities carried out by commanders, headquarters, bodies of educational work, military justice, other officials and the army community, aimed at ensuring that personnel comply with the Constitution and laws of the Russian Federation, as well as the requirements of military regulations, orders of commanders and chiefs.

In other words, forms of work are various options the organization of a specific work or process, the compositional construction of any event, the sequence and order of actions of the commander and subordinate, their relationship, the time and place of the event, and other elements of the organization.

The main forms of work to maintain and strengthen law and order and military discipline in the unit should include: mass, group and individual.

Mass forms involve the participation, as a rule, of the entire personnel of the unit. These include: different kinds informing personnel, meetings of personnel, debriefing, combat training classes, performances, reader conferences, excursions, lectures, conversations, scientific and practical conferences, themed evenings, debates, quizzes, " round tables" and others.

Group forms involve the participation of part of the personnel. These include: the work of interest clubs, amateur art circles, sports team games, various kinds of group exercises and work, and others.

Individual forms include individual conversations, assignments, assignments, and others.

The choice of one form or another, as well as the procedure for its implementation, are determined by the goals and objectives of the work.

Practice shows that the choice of methods and forms of work must be approached creatively, diversifying them all the time.

An integral part of the work to maintain and strengthen law and order and military discipline in a unit is legal education, the purpose of which is to strengthen conscious military discipline and combat readiness of troops by legal means. This work is based on explaining to soldiers their legal status: rights, duties and benefits, as well as laws on the nature of relations between servicemen and responsibility for their violation. Measures of persuasion and coercion, which are commonly called legal means, are widely used. These include incentives, disciplinary sanctions, statutory measures to curb violations of law and order and military discipline, legal liability, and measures of public influence. The junior commander must skillfully exercise the disciplinary authority given to him. In addition, it is necessary to build on the positive dissemination of best practices.

The generally accepted group forms of legal education are: legal universal education, speeches by military lawyers in front of personnel, unified days of legal knowledge and information, holding monthly events such as, for example, “The Department is the center for the observance of military discipline”, show trials and others.

Group forms include the work of legal circles, corners of legal knowledge.

Of great importance are individual forms of legal work, which consist in conducting individual conversations and consultations with employees of the military prosecutor's office, the use of prosecutorial influences on military personnel who have committed offenses or are prone to violating laws, law and order and military discipline. Stands with information about convictions, visiting courts, bringing articles of the Criminal Code to the fore have a positive effect on servicemen.

In a military unit, individual educational work is of great importance in maintaining and strengthening law and order and military discipline, aimed at instilling discipline and diligence in each soldier. It is perhaps the most effective and efficient mechanism for the work of junior commanders in maintaining law and order and military discipline in the unit. After all, like no one else, sergeants who spend 24 hours in a unit with subordinates should be well aware of the individual characteristics of each serviceman, on the basis of which they should be able to use the most appropriate methods, forms and means of education. Only the correct organization of individual educational work allows junior commanders to most deeply understand the true state of affairs in the subunit, to effectively influence the processes taking place in the military collective in the interests of solving the tasks facing it.

The timely and complete elimination of the causes and consequences of the indiscipline of servicemen, as well as their violations of law and order and military discipline, is extremely important. Here the painstaking work of junior commanders in this direction is necessary. It should be based on the suppression of offenses, as well as on the identification and elimination of the causes and conditions that contribute to their commission. Therefore, in order to organize preventive work, sergeants must first of all be well aware of the causes, conditions and causes of violations, the methodology for their detection and elimination, as well as the measures provided for by law to prevent offenses.

One of the most difficult areas in this work is to identify "informal leaders" that contribute to the development of "hazing" and other negative processes in the unit. Here, the sergeants must rely on the team, public opinion, and the authority of the officers. They need to have a sense of conviction that discipline in the unit is a collective matter.

In order to maintain and strengthen law and order and military discipline in each military unit, commanders (chiefs) organize a system of work for officials. One of its important links is the work of junior commanders to maintain high military discipline in their unit.

It begins with the planning of activities in the sergeant's book, continues with their practical implementation and ends with the control and report on their implementation. In this case, the junior commander must:

Daily:

• 1. Know where his subordinates are, and check them at each formation, report the absence to the higher command.
• 2. Monitor the implementation of the daily routine, cleanliness and internal order in the department (platoon), demand compliance with military discipline by subordinates.
• 3. Conduct individual educational conversations with 1 - 2 servicemen.
• 4. Ensure that subordinates comply with the rules for wearing military uniforms, keep their shoes and uniforms clean, and conduct morning inspections.
• 5. Report to the immediate commander about complaints, requests from subordinates, their misconduct and measures taken to prevent offenses, sick servicemen, penalties, incentives, cases of loss of military and state property.
• 6. Inspect and constantly maintain in order and serviceability the entrusted weapons, military and other equipment and property, strictly monitor their availability.
• 7. Ensure compliance with safety measures in daily activities.
• 8. Summarize the results of the day, evaluate the attitude of subordinates to the performance of official duties and their personal discipline.
• 9. Take care of subordinates and delve into their needs and requests.
• 10. Prepare and conduct classes with subordinates in combat training.

Weekly:

• 1. Talk to each subordinate, paying special attention to young soldiers and servicemen who are prone to violating military discipline. Find out the reasons and take measures to prevent violations up to the imposition of penalties.
• 2. Organize additional classes for those who are lagging behind to study the general military regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
• 3. Monitor the sequence and fair distribution of outfits among the soldiers of the squad, their dismissal from the location of the unit.
• 4. To report to the platoon commander on the state of military discipline, the measures taken to strengthen it, and to petition for the encouragement of the most distinguished subordinates, for the punishment of violators.
• 5. Summing up the results of military discipline, combat training and competition over the past week and setting tasks for subordinates for the coming week.

In addition, the junior commander must know:

• 1. List of personnel of the department, calculation, crew.
• 2. Socio-demographic data per soldier.3. Information about the number of rewards and penalties for each serviceman.

In order for the sergeants not to have difficulties in maintaining and strengthening law and order and military discipline, under the personal guidance of the commander of the military unit, his deputies and other experienced teachers, classes should be held to teach sergeants how to work with subordinates, which determine the most appropriate methods, techniques and forms of work to maintain and strengthen law and order and military discipline in the unit, allowing them to effectively form their moral, psychological, combat qualities aimed at increasing the combat readiness and combat capability of the unit.

Practice shows that the correct application of the forms and methods of work of junior commanders in maintaining and strengthening law and order and military discipline in the unit, as well as a systematic and comprehensive approach to their solution, give positive results.